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Transfer of a right as security
Žižková, Kateřina ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
The subject-matter of this thesis is the transfer of a right as security. The thesis is focused mainly on the history of the transfer of a right as security, its regulation in Civil code 2012 and it highlights the fundamental changes compared to its regulation in Civil code 1964. The regulation of the transfer of a right as security underwent considerable changes in Civil code 2012. However, the usage of this instrument in practice, compared to other security instruments, is not so common. The fault is primarily with the insufficient regulation in the Civil code 1964 which has led to extensive discussions on this topic in the past as well as restrictions by the Supreme Court. The main aim of this thesis is to evaluate the benefits of the regulation of the transfer of a right as security in Civil code 2012 as compared to 1964. Introductory chapters are dedicated to general issues of the law of obligations, focusing on changes of the basic terms. Other chapters include historical development of the institute and evaluate the applicability of the existing jurisprudence in light of the Civil code 2012. Following chapters deal with the issues of formal and content requirements for the contract on transfer of a right as security. Next chapters describe the process of realization of the transfer of right...
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Residential lease
Bernas, Petr ; Salač, Josef (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with residential lease. Due to the limited scope of the thesis it was impossible to cover the topic in a more comprehensive manner. The aim of the thesis is to systematically analyse only some issues of legal regulation of the residential lease. The thesis discusses the interpretation of certain general issues of the residential lease and the termination of the residential lease, focusing on various ways of termination. The thesis deals with absolute termination of residential lease. The thesis focuses on selected provisions of Act No. 89/2012 Sb., the Civil Code, using the scientific literature, the thesis is also concerned with relevant practise of courts. In some cases, the thesis compares the current Civil Code with the previous legal regulation, Act No. 40/1964 Sb., the Civil Code, as amended. The thesis is divided into nine chapters, which are subdivided into subchapters. The first chapter deals with the basic definition of the lease, analysis of the concept of apartment and house, legal regulation of the residential lease and it briefly describes the differences between a lease and other related contracts. The second chapter provides an overview of the provisions of the Civil Code relating to termination of the residential lease and outlines possible ways of termination of...
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Termination of marriage (in comparison with foreign countries)
Solná, Radka ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
RESUMÉ The topic of my thesis is the end of the marriage. In the thesis I deal with the particular types of the end of the marriage as well as with their legal consequences. The text is divided into introduction, four main chapters divided further into sub-chapters, and the conclusion. The first chapter focuses on the end of the marriage through divorce. First, I deal with the necessary preconditions for the divorce of the marriage. I distinguish two types of divorces, one with the investigation of the reasons of the disruption of the marriage and one without such investigation. I also describe clause protecting individual spouse from divorce in case the substantive damage may be caused to him or a minor child by divorce (so called hard clause). Further, I focus on matrimonial property and its liquidation after the divorce, on the living of respective spouses after the divorce and the possible obligation to pay maintenance. In the first chapter I also look into the arrangement of children after the divorce, i.e. the criterions which must be taken into account when assessing the situation of the child and its best interest, the legislation regarding custody of the child to solely one of the spouses, to their joint custody and the shared care. The main focus is on the shared care, which is still greatly...
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Harm to health - comparative analysis
Kolářová, Magdalena ; Šustek, Petr (advisor) ; Hendrychová, Michaela (referee)
In dieser Masterarbeit wird die Problematik des Gesundheitsschadens im tschechischen und im deutschen Zivilrecht beschrieben. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, eine Übersicht über den Gesundheitsschutz in beiden Rechtsordnungen, und darüber, wann die Gesundheit verletzt wird und welche Folgen daraus entstehen, zu bieten. Dazu wurden die komparatistische Methode und die analytische Methode benutzt. Die Arbeit wird in drei Hauptkapiteln gegliedert, die ersten zwei widmen sich der Regelung in der deutschen und der tschechischen Rechtsordnung und das dritte der Komparation. Die Aufmerksamkeit wird zuerst der verfassungs- und internationalrechtlichen Verankerung des Lebens- und Gesundheitsschutzes geschenkt. Weiter wird geringfügig die vertragsrechtliche Haftung beschrieben. Die Hauptaufmerksamkeit wird der deliktischen Haftung geschenkt - es werden die Voraussetzungen für ihre Entstehung, sowie auch die Art und der Umfang des Schadensersatzes erläutert. Selbständig wird auch der Körper als der Objekt des zivilrechtlichen Schutzes beschrieben, und es werden auch die Fälle der sogenannten "wrongful birth", bzw. Kind als Schaden und "wrongful life", sowie auch die Sekundäropfer erwähnt. Der deutsche Teil erhält zusätzlich auch die Beschreibung der Haftung für vorvertragliche Pflichtverletzungen und der Verträge...
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Legal and ethical aspects of anonymous sperm donation with focus on the Canadian legal order
Konopásková, Anna ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
Nowadays, anonymous sperm donation is indeed a globally discussed topic: the popularity of the use of assisted reproduction technology for the purpose of conception is directly proportional to increasing infertility and technological progress. Also, the duration of its use already started to show, with the first generation of opinionated anonymous donor children growing up. The aim of my work is to analyze what are the today's Western society's current ethical and legal views on the anonymous sperm donation and its alternatives, as well as what they should be, and to demonstrate these on the example of Canada, United Kingdom and Australia. In the first two chapters, I outline the context of ethical and legal thinking about anonymous sperm donation: I analyze the concept and implications of the infertility, as well as the development and types of methods of assisted reproduction. Further, I proceed from the basis of ethical reasoning and the determination whether the right to know one's origins, implying the right to know the circumstances of one's conception, exist, and its competition with the rights of parents and donors in the third chapter, to its legal grounds. First, in the fourth chapter, I deal with legislation on the right to know one's origins and other related rights in the international...
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Community property of spouses with a focus on its termination and settlement
Pyszková, Helena ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
The aim of this work is not only draw attention to current legislation in the field of marital property, with an emphasis on its dissolution and property settlement in the light of current case law. The work also deals with the changes that this issue brings into re-codification of civil law. It also includes a comparison with the legislation in Germany, with whom we are linked by a certain portion of the historical development. All work is completed with current case law.
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Protection of public figure in media
Frejtichová, Dominika ; Šustek, Petr (referee) ; Pohl, Tomáš (referee)
Protection of public figure in media Abstract: The purpose of the thesis is to analyze the protection of the public figure in media. It aims to describe the institute of the public figure, content of the institute and protection of public figure in the media. The thesis is composed of five chapters. The first chapter is introductory and defines the media and media law, gives the history of the protection of the public figure, and evaluates references. The introduction defines the main aim of the thesis, which is to describe the institute and its intent as well as to compare Czech and foreign judicature. Chapter two defines the public figure and is subdivided into three parts. Part one provides the terminology, the definition, and the origin of public figure. Part two deals with the different categories of public figures, such as the all-purpose public figure, the limited- purpose public figure, and the public official. Part three explains the specifics of the public figure in media, which are its privileged position, easier access to media, and the subsidiary of judicial power. Chapter three deals with the conflict of media and personal rights. It is subdivided into three parts. Part one deals with the conflict between the personal right of freedom of speech and the right to information. Part two describes...
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Compensation for bodilly harm: a comparison of Czech and German legal regulation
Hrbek, Vladimír ; Šustek, Petr (advisor) ; Salač, Josef (referee)
Das Ziel deiser Diplomarbeit ist mit den Einzelansprüchen den Schadensersatz bei Körperverletzung und Tötung in der tschechischen und deutschen Rechtsordnung zu beschreiben. Die Diplomarbeit ist in vier Kapitel eingeteilt. Das erste Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit den Grundlagen des Gesundheitsschutzes aus der Sicht des tschechischen und deutschen Staatsrecht und deren Verankerung in den internationalen Menschenrechtsabkommen. Die Aufmerksamkeit ist auch auf die Verankerung der Grundprinzipien in dem tschechischen und deutschen bürgerlichen Recht gelegt. Das Kapitel beschäftigt sich weiter mit dem Gesundheitsschutz durch das bürgerliche Recht. Das zwite Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit der Haftung, besonders mit den theoretischen Ausgangspunkte der Haftung und Voraussetzungen für die bürgerliche Haftungsbeziehung in der tschechischen und deutschen Rechtsordnung. Die Aufmerksamkeit ist besonders auf die Rechtswidrigkeit, die Kausalität, der Schaden, das Verschulden geleget und die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Rechtsordungen. Das dritte Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit dem Ersatz des materiellen und immateriellen Schadens und mit der Hilfe der Einzelansprüchen beschreibt den Art und den Umfang der Schadensersatzpflicht in der Tschechische Republik. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit ist gewidmet dem Erlöschen der...
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Selected Problems of Maintenance with Particular Focus on Good Morals
Brůnová, Martina ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis, Selected Problems of Maintenance with Particular Focus on Good Morals, deals with legal matters of maintenance mainly in connection to the aspect of good morals (boni mores) which represents the principal of equity and is the moral extension of legal provisions under the law of the Czech Republic. The purpose of the thesis is to identify the most frequent issues that are being dealt with and describe their legal solution in accordance with the legislation valid and effective till the end of 2013 and under the new legislation after the recodification of the Czech civil law, effective from the 1st of January 2014. The doctrine of boni mores and legal provisions regarding maintenance have both met some changes in terms of interpretation and application since the recodification. Maintenance and good morals are researched together, they are researched one in connection to the other one, in this diploma thesis because the previous legislation established a special linkage between them which resulted in a considerable amount of case law that needs to be revisited. The thesis is divided into 5 chapters which are further divided into subchapters. The first chapter is focused on the theoretical basis of the doctrine of boni mores, the role it plays in the Czech legal system, the meaning...
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Titles to inheritance
Jestříbková, Petra ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on titles to inheritance. The aim of the thesis is to capture their course in the Czech Republic. This thesis is systematically divided into seven chapters. The first one is the introduction, in which the author justifies chosen topic. The second chapter is focused on development of inheritance law. Following chapters are focused on titles to inheritance. Each chapter is divided into several parts. These parts are lined up chronologically. Titles to inheritance are lined up in order to their legal force in recent legislation. At first the author is focused on inheritance contract in the third charter. Before ObčZ 2012, inheritance contract was in legal force at least more than 60 years ago and it returns by ObčZ 2012 to our legal system. The fourth chapter is focused on testament. At its first part there is a brief view into ABGB. In the following part narrowing of legislation under the influence of so called Legal Biennial is visible. The chapter ends with a view into the ObčZ 2012, which is strikingly similar to provisions of ABGB. The fifth chapter deals with intestacy. It is visible that the provisions in ObčZ 2012 are similar ABGB. In the sixth chapter there is conclusion in which the author presents her opinions on the whole topic. The seventh chapter includes...
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