|
|
Specifics of children from homoparental families
Sedláčková, Anna ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with topic of lesbian and gay families and specifics of children from these families. The theoretical part of the work is supported by studies from the USA and the Great Britain in particular. This part is focused on definition of homoparental family and its types, specifics of upbringing and relations within. It also deals with the topic of coming-out. It gives account of the family roles - biological mother, biological father, social mother / stepmother. The second half of the theoretical part describes psychological, gender and social development of the children from lesbian families. There are also mentioned some children's feelings and views of their nontraditional family and homosexuality of their parents. The research presented in the empirical part is based on individual interviews and projective techniques. The study group comprises 10 children between the age 4 and 15. In the study group there are children from previous heterosexual relationship as well as children from planned lesbian families. Participants to the sample were recruited via advertising and snow ball technique. The research is qualitative and its outcomes are elaborated in the form of case study report. The list of crucial themes elaborated through clustering method is other outcome. Results of research...
|
|
|
Psychological aspects of long-distance relationships
Drahoňovská, Barbara ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to examine the phenomenon of long-distance relationships, more specifically in married and unmarried couples, and to thereby contribute to the understanding of this specific type of relationship. The complexities which characterise partner interaction, resp. the individuals leading a long-distance relationship, are captured in this thesis in two ways: based on the acquaintance with the existing findings from world studies, and with the help of interviews with people who have direct experience with longdistance relationships. The interview method used enables us to look at long-distance relationships from the point of view of specific couples, resp. the individuals comprising the couples, and to thereby identify the related psychological aspects.
|
|
|
The influence of multicultural education on attitudes and prosocial behavior of the majority towards Gypsies
Dlabal, Martin ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Výrost, Jozef (referee) ; Švingalová, Dana (referee)
This dissertation focuses on the affiliation of the majority in the Czech Republic to Gypsies and on possible effects on their relationship. Especially, expressed ethnical attitudes and prosocial behavior of adolescents to Gypsies and effectiveness of the multicultural education are studied. The score of respondent' s ethnical attitudes were acquired by a distribution of the "Gypsy Scale" questionnaire. Frequency of helping behavior was measured in experimental situation in which the respondent could help either a member of one group or a member of another group. Data acquired from the "Gypsy Scale" questionnaire was computed by univariate analysis of variance (ANOV A). The occurrence or absence of helping behavior towards the members of majority group or members of Gypsy group was computed by chi square test. When speaking of testing the effect of multicultural education t - test was used. The results showed significant relation between expressed ethnical attitudes and both education and region. The fact that there was not confirmed relationship between help and ethnicity of the person in need was the major finding of the study. Czech adolescents help equally the members of both ethnical groups. Likewise, scores did not confirm relation between ethnical attitudes towards Gypsies and succeeding helping...
|
|
|
Theory of mind in preschool children
Hončíková, Dana ; Mertin, Václav (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
Theory of mind, an ability to understand one's mind as well as that of others, is a prerequisite for normal functioning in the human society. It helps us explain and anticipate other people's behaviour, enables us to share meanings and understand humour and forms a base for all social interactions. Theory of mind is the comprehension of human subjectivity - the fact that it is the representation of things, not their objective state, that determines human behaviour. The ability to attribute mental states develops along with the age thanks to the maturing of cognitive structures and acquiring experience in the social area. The most significant changes of theory of mind occur in the preschool age as the child masters mental verbs and begins to understand second-order mental representations. Most researchers conclude that an important change in the quality of theory of mind takes place around the fourth year of age. It is at this time that the child begins to realize the difference between the subjective and the objective reality, which leads to understanding that our representations of the world may not be always correct and depend on our access to information. That is why the researches focusing on the development of theory of mind use a method that examines the ability to understand the false belief - the...
|
|
|
Semantic content of mental reprezentations and intentional mental slates
Fibigerová, Kateřina ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor)
The present thesis is conceived as a theoretical study mapping the problem of the representational and intentional mental content, as principal psychological concepts, on the background of fundamental semantic conceptions of sign and its meaning. The intention is to model the mental representation and intentionality as semantic functions of mind, and than, from this point of view to understand the concept of mental content by analogy with sign meaning. The assumed analogy is observed at the level of structural and ontological caracteristics of the content and the meaning. The objectif of this paper is to elaborate a critical survey of main trends in this problem, which haven't yet been object of any integrated study.
|
|
|
Specifics of father-infant and mother-infant play with a child up to age of three
Svatošová, Lucie ; Dittrichová, Jaroslava (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
This diploma thesis is a part of the grant task n.406/01/220 of the Grant agency of the Czech republic. The grant task is focused on the specifics of early interactions of young child with the members of their family. The solver of the grant task is Doc. PhDr. Lenka ulová, CSc. The theoretical part of the work is devided into five main chapters. The first one is focused on the role of mother in childs development. The second one is oriented to the role of father. In the third chapter is closely analyse childs play up to age of three. The fourth chapter is focused on the specifics of mother-infant play, the fifth one is dedicated to the specifics of father-infant play. The research presented in the empirical part consists in the analysis of recorded play interactions of 1,2 and 3 years old childern with their mothers and fathers, that were taken in their homes with the standardized set of toys. The results were analysed by the programme V.I.P. into several categories (look, vokalisation, smile, manipulation with toys, motorical activity, physical contact). There were observed differences between mother-infant and father-infant play. The results are presented for each child separately, for 1,2 and 3 years old childern, for the whole sample and finally the development aspect was observed too.
|
|
|
The place of fituals in todays family
Prokešová, Petra ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee)
The aim of this work is to map out a form of rituals in today's Prague family, to describe some particular examples, and to evaluate their psychological benefits. The text is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter describes conception and definition of the ritual in humanistic sciences; associations amongst rituals, myths and religion; important aspects of ritual in man's life including its pathological form, and its contribution to a group. The second chapter is dedicated to family rituals, their specific form and function. It provides a general categorization supplied by number of concrete examples from literature and interviews with research respondents. The third chapter, empiric, describes the qualitative research procedure - a mapping study including thirty adults. The semi-structured interviews and subsequent analysis illustrate a particular form of some rituals in present-day Prague family, and their psychological gain without a claim for any generalization.
|
|
| |
|
|
The manifestation of reciprocal agression and violence among older people and social environment (the view of clients from two houses with domiciliary services)
Braierová, Kateřina ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Slaměník, Ivan (advisor)
We look at aggression and violence as at one of possible ways of reciprocal behavior among individuals or groups. Our interest is concentrated on aggressive and violent behavior of older people (individuals older than 65 years) toward the social environment. We are looking for possible reasons (excluding pathological reasons) and possible specifics of such behavior. The topic is held especially by the view of social psychology. We observe basic aggression theories, social psychology phenomena and evolutionary changes connected with aging which could cause aggressive and violent behavior of older people. In the empirical part we are interested in the opinion of clients from two houses with domiciliary services. We take into account that the group is in some aspects different from the common population of older people.
|
|
|
Elder abuse and neglect
Haluzíková, Lenka ; Slaměník, Ivan (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
This thesis deals with the subject of elder abuse and neglect (EAN). The author in her theoretical part presents all sorts of aspects of the EAN phenomenon which is broadly interdisciplinary and whose definition and prevalence were not assessed yet. It describes exposures of single types of EAN and symptoms, whose knowledge is necessary for effective detection of particular cases of EAN. Hitherto most of the cases stay concealed because the victims tend to hide the abuse and simultaneously neither the community of specialists nor non-specialists have sufficient awareness about the problem in order to perceive it. In this course an education of the public is crucial but also the author deems necessary to change the attitude of all-society towards the elder people which at the present time seems quite discriminatory. Farther the author attends to a victim and an offender of EAN and their interaction, in this respect she presents risk factors and searches for potential causations of abuse. Detailed knowledge of these causations is crucial for suitable aiming of prevention. For a complex intervention of EAN would be ideal to create multidisciplinary teams of different specialists. But such teams are rather exception worldwide. Among these specialists a psychologist should be present as he can play an important...
|
guest ::
RSS feed.