|
|
Possibilities of elimination of sulfonamides from the aquatic ecosystem
Suková, Petra ; Mravcová, Ludmila (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on the determination of sulfonamide antibiotics especially the possibility of elimination of these substances from the aquatic ecosystem. Nowadays, environmental contamination of the pharmaceuticals and their residues is a serious concern. Main sources of this contamination are wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where these compounds are not effectively removed by contemporary conventional technology. For this reason, new methods are being developed and tested that could eliminate the number of contaminants entering the environment in this way. There is a possibility to use the potential of the enzymatic system of wood-decay fungi, especially white rot fungi. Six representatives of sulfonamide antibiotics were selected and isolated from the aquatic matrix via solid phase extraction. The final identification and quantification method was high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Monitoring of the concentration level of selected sulfonamide antibiotics at the inflow and effluent at the Brno-Modřice WWTP was carried out weekly. Moreover, the effectiveness of elimination of selected antibiotics from the aquatic ecosystem by the use of Trametes versicolor wood-decay fungi cultured on a suitable carrier was verified.
|
|
|
Determination of antibiotics in the wastewater
Suková, Petra ; Tulková, Tereza (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This thesis deals with problem of antibiotics, substances used in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in human and veterinary medicine. Have been discussed aminopenicillins antibiotics from the group of antibiotics, particularly ampicillin and amoxicillin, which are one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotics in both the Czech Republic and in the world now. Drug substances together with wastewater pass into the wastewater treatment plant where sewage process does not remove the drug from the treated water entirely. Drug substances can be penetrate into the other components of the environment in the result, especially in surface water and soil, where they can have adverse effects on organisms living there. For the isolation of analytes from samples of wastewater was selected solid phase extraction (SPE). For final analysis of antibiotics was used method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with UV-VIS detection with diode array detector and method of liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Based on the optimization of analytical techniques was especially ampicillin chosen as analyte isolated from the matrix of waste water. Analysis of the wastewater was conducted for a total of four days of influent and effluent wastewater treatment plant in Brno-Modřice and wastewater treatment plant which is situated in area of the Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University in Brno.
|
|
|
Removal of sulfonamide antibiotics using advanced oxidation processes
Fučík, Jan ; Suková, Petra (referee) ; Tulková, Tereza (advisor)
This thesis deals with a present problem of increasing concentrations of pharmaceuticals and other micropollutants in aquatic environment, because these micropollutants are not treated sufficiently in conventional wastewater treatment plants. It is necessary to develop new technological processes, that are able to treat these pollutants sufficiently. One of the options is that conventional methods would be complementary with advanced oxidation processes (AOP), which would work as a tertiary cleaning process on wastewater treatment plants. The actual knowledge, principle of the plasma discharge and principle of analytical methods is described in theoretical part of the thesis. In experimental part of the thesis, the plasma discharge is used for removal of sulfonamide antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole), as the representative of AOP. Samples were taken during the plasma treatment of the model solution of sulfamethoxazole. These samples were analysed by LC-ESI-MS as the appropriate analytical method. An efficiency of degradation of sulfamethoxazole in different solutions (neutral, acidic and alkaline) was evaluated in this bachelor thesis. A suitability of plasma application on degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics was reviewed by comparing with other AOP.
|
|
|
Zinc in food suplements
Sauchanka, Katsiaryna ; Suková, Petra (referee) ; Řezáčová, Veronika (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to determine zinc in the dietary supplements by the voltammetric method. The general properties of zinc, its occurrence, toxicity and influence on human health are described in the first part. Next the methods, including a detailed description of the voltammetric analysis, are summarized. The experimental part is focused on the process of optimization of the conditions for zinc voltammetric analysis and the application of the optimised method on real samples.
|
|
|
Air carrier's liability to passengers
Suková, Petra ; Frinta, Ondřej (advisor) ; Lederer, Vít (referee)
Air carrier's liability to passengers Abstract The thesis deals with the civil liability of a carrier towards passengers in air transport. The current legislation is unevenly spread over three levels - international, European and national - with its core being enshrined in the Montreal Convention, the scope of which is extended to all EU carriers by an EU regulation. The thesis analyses the relationship between the different levels of regulation. Particular attention is given to the exclusivity character of the rules contained in the Montreal Convention and the disputed interpretation of the exclusivity rule in legal theory and judicial practice. The author focuses on two main areas of air carrier liability to passengers and identifies problematic aspects of their legal regulation, stemming mainly from the lack of definitions of key terms. The first area is liability in the event of personal injury, where attention is given to the interpretation of the concept of an accident resulting in death or bodily injury to a passenger, and then to the interpretation of the concept of bodily injury, with a focus on the possible inclusion of psychological injury. The second area is the liability of the carrier in the event of delay; here the thesis examines the relationship between parallel regulations at international...
|
|
|
Geodesics in the field of a perturbed black hole: where appears chaos?
Polcar, Lukáš ; Semerák, Oldřich (advisor) ; Suková, Petra (referee)
It is widely known that the motion around Schwarzshild black hole is completely integrable. However, after adding a disc or a ring one of the symmetries of the system is broken and the motion may become chaotic for some values of parameters. The aim of this thesis is to identify where appears chaos in static, axially symmetric spacetime by using the geometrical method based on the geodesic deviation equation. Is it possible to predict chaotic behaviour in general relativity solely from local geometrical properties of spacetime, without explicitly solving the geodesic equation? Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
MAD UFOs: Magnetically Arrested Discs with persistent Ultra-Fast Outflows
Suková, Petra ; Zajaček, M. ; Karas, Vladimír
We study an outflow that develops in the MAD state in 3D GRMHD simulations. We show that the outflow can be accelerated to\nrelativistic velocities and persist over the course of our simulation. We compare the properties of the outflow from MAD discs with those launched by orbiting secondary at close orbit. The main difference is that the orbiting body launches a more coherent, quasiperiodic ultrafast outflow at lower velocities (v < 0.5c) while the outflow launched in the MAD state (without the body) has a stochastic behaviour and has anapproximately flat velocity distribution between lower anf higher outflow velocities, 0.2c < v < 0.3c and v > 0.5c.
|
|
|
Chaotic Motion around Black Holes
Suková, Petra ; Semerák, Oldřich (advisor) ; Šubr, Ladislav (referee) ; Loukes-Gerakopoulos, Georgios (referee)
As a non-linear theory of space-time, general relativity deals with interesting dynamical systems which can be expected more prone to chaos than their Newtonian counter-parts. In this thesis, we study the dynamics of time- like geodesics in the static and axisymmetric field of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded, in a concentric way, by a massive thin disc or ring. We reveal the rise (and/or decline) of geodesic chaos in dependence on parameters of the sys- tem (the disc/ring mass and position and the test-particle energy and angular momentum), (i) on Poincaré sections, (ii) on time series of position and their power spectra, (iii) by applying two simple yet powerful recurrence methods, and (iv) by computing Lyapunov exponents and two other related quantifiers of or- bital divergence. We mainly focus on "sticky" orbits whose different parts show different degrees of chaoticity and which offer the best possibility to test and compare different methods. We also add a treatment of classical but dissipative system, namely the evolution of a class of mechanical oscillators described by non-standard constitutive relations.
|
|
|
Solving test-particle equations of motion near a black hole
Ryston, Matěj ; Ledvinka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Suková, Petra (referee)
Bachelor thesis Matěj Ryston 2011/2012 Abstract in English This work aims to give a well-arranged summary of the description and solving the equations of motion of particles outside a black hole (a star) with emphasis on numerical solutions. For that purpose a summary of numerical methods for solving ordinary differential equations, together with a review and comparison of chosen methods, is given. In the second chapter follows a brief recall of the foundations of General Relativity as well as the description of the geometry of Schwarzschild solution of the Einstein equations. After that equations of motion are formulated. In conclusion, selected numerical methods are used on solving said equations of motion of a test particle or those describing bending of light rays in closeness to a black hole.
|
|
| |
guest ::
RSS feed.