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Suicidal process in adult population
Komadová, Katarína ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Baudiš, Pavel (referee)
Suicidálny proces je komplexný fenomén vyskytujúci sa v roznych variantách. Vzniká na podklade životných udalostí, psychickej poruchy, dlhodobej vulnerability jedinca k suicidálnemu správaniu alebo ich kombinácie. V prípade, že na počiatku suicidálneho procesu stojí životná udalosť, k rozvoju suicidálneho procesu dochádza vtedy, ak ju jedinec subjektívne hodnotí ako významnú, nezlučiteľnú s pokračovaním v živote a nenachádza z nej riešenie. Suicidálnemu jednaniu nemusia vždy suicidálne myšlienky predchádzať. K rozhodnutiu k realizácii suicidálneho aktu može človek dojsť buď v období predchádzajúcom suicidálnemu jednaniu a ďalej sa k nemu odhodlávať alebo čakať na výsledok situácie, ktorú hodnotí ako neúnosnú alebo k nemu može dojsť až v čase tesne pred suicidálnym jednaním. V takomto prípade jedná následne po spúšťacom podnete. Tento typ je charakteristický pre skratkovité suicidálne akty, avšak može sa vyskytnúť i u osob, ktoré nad suicidálnym jednaním uvažovali už v období predtým alebo mali predstavy o úniku zo situácie prežívanej ako neznesiteľnej. Iným typom suicidálneho procesu je postupné zúženie v oblasti afektov, percepcie, kognícií a hodnot. K suicidálnemu jednaniu dochádza, ak sa jedinec nachádza v situácii, ktorú vníma ako neznesiteľnú alebo neriešiteľnú, ak sa nachádza v stave zúženia,...
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System TOGA and work style questionnaire for managers
Krištof, Daniel ; Štikar, Jiří (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Gregar, Aleš (referee)
In theoretical part of dissertation author describes the constitution of the system called TOGA as a unifying concept which enables assessment of work style of managers based on systemisation of their activities into three categories. It differentiates the following categories of activities: diagnostically oriented activities, algorithmically oriented activities and creatively oriented activities. Based on these universal and understandable categories it assesses the preference of particularly oriented activities. In system of TOGA the term work style of manager is described as an individually characteristic level how manager prefers activities with diagnostic, algorithmic, creative orientation. Higher risk is assigned to the profile of work style of manager who dislikes or neglects or refuses certainly oriented activities. Typical mistakes but also recommendations are described for individual managers as well as measures to be implemented by their superiors. In research part of dissertation author introduces results of standardisation study of questionnaire which assesses attitude/preference to diagnostically, algorithmically and creatively oriented activities. Reliability, validity, item analysis and norms are demonstrated in the study.
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Early parent-child interaction focused on gender specifics
Hrdličková, Markéta ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Sobotková, Daniela (referee)
This disertation i s a part of the grant task number 406/01/220 of the GAČR (Grant agency of the Czech Republic ). The solver of this task is doc. PhDr. Lenka Šulová CSc. The teoretical part of this work is devided in 6 main chapters. The first one is is focused on the analysis of early parent-child interaction from the point of attachment. The second and the third chapter i s focused on early interaction of mother-child and father-child. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the family from the point of the early interaction and we also try to define the main reason of the desruption of this early interaction. The fifth chapter is focused on the specifics of toddler' s age. The last chapter i s dedicated to the main methods and research in the field of attachment. The research of this work consists of an analysis of recorded play interaction of toddlers (age 12, 24, 36 months, +/- 2 moths) at home. The research sample consist of 30 children, 1 O from each age . The recorded play interaction were analysed according pre-defined categories (look, vocalisation, manipulation with a toy, physical contact, motorical activity, emotions) in computer programme V.I.P. Then there were set several zero hypotesis ( total 9), which were tested by ANOV A statistical method. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Artists and resilience
Lorencová, Tatiana ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
This master thesis offers a comparison of the characteristics of resilience, concrete hardiness, Sense of Coherence, and traits of creativity between a population of artists (composers) and a normal population. Along with it, it considers the possibility that higher creativity may correlate with higher resilience. The thesis is questioning the opinion of majority, that artists are weaker than normal population, when facing stressful event. The research shows, that artists are equal with normal population in resilience, and even stronger in characteristics of the "challenge" in concept of hardiness. The research also proves the correlation of resilience with some elements of creativity.
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Psychological aspects of victimization
Velikovská, Martina ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor)
The thesis deals with still more discussed issue of crime victims and their victimization. Consideration is given to victim herself, to her status in our society and to the role, which during the crime scene plays. Special emphasize is placed on the victim in terms of the process of abusing the victim and of the trauma in which such treatment results. The whole problematic is replenished with numerus experience from the police practice. In an effort to prevent from victimization, the section is attached dealing with possible ways of solving traumatic situations, i.e. prevention of this phenomenon. Final part of the thesis consists of factual cases, which helps to document the whole problematic matter contained in the thesis.
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Crissis as a reflection of personal values, or the structure of semantic space in area of crisis situations in Buddhists, Christians and atheists
Klouda, Martin ; Bahbouh, Radvan (referee) ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor)
The aim of the paper is to explore the relationship between spiritual orientation and attitudes towards stressful life experiences and emotional manifestations of crises. The theoretical part of the work surveys a wide range of crisis issues and stressful life experiences. Furthermore, it contains a description of how spirituality issues are dealt with in contemporary psychology. The rest of the theoretical part of the work is devoted to delineating various attitudes towards crises and stressful life experiences as depending on different spiritual orientations - those of Buddhists, Christians and atheists. In this part of the paper, I worked with original canonical texts of both the religions - the Bible and Tipitaka. Finally, the theoretical part includes the approach of contemporary psychology towards the questions of stress coping and attitudes. The empirical part of the work first defines the survey research questions. The following parts of the work define the concepts applied in the survey and describe the course of the survey. In order to measure differences among the three studied groups of people of different spiritual orientations - Buddhists, Christians and atheists I used Osgood's, Suci's and Tanenbaum's semantic differential method. The results of the survey in which 84 respondents took part...
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The psyche of women during their maternity leave
Hlaváčková, Marie ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
The aim of my thesis was to try to describe changes in perception that occur to women taking the parent role and accession to maternity leave. In the theoretical part, therefore, I first deal with the concept of motherhood in general, as well as changes in the psyche of a woman from pregnancy to baby and toddler age of children. Individual chapters are devoted to childbirth as a major event for the development of relationship with the child and the puerperium. In the empirical part of the work I am looking for different areas in which change in experience is reflected and context of these changes with other variables. The research was conducted in form of a questionnaire, the sample 71 women who spend their maternity or parental leave with her first child responded. These women showed a significant increase in responsibility, caring and a sense of fear, then increased feeling of happiness and life fulfilment as well as overall satisfaction. In contrast decrease was recorded in the possibility of selfdevelopment and communications possibilities of these women. For other items there was not seen a significant increase or decrease. When searching for the relationship between women's feelings and other variables was found non-linear relationship of certain items on the length of time spent by women on maternity...
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The impact of premarital cohabitation on marital stability
Weissmannová, Lada ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
Th i s s t u d y e x ami n e s t h e r e l a t i o n s h i p b e twe e n p r ema r i t a l c o h a b i t a t i o n a n d t h e s t a b i l i t y o f s u b s e q u e n t ma r r i a g e . Th e c o n c e p t o f s t a b i l i t y h a s b e e n d r awn f r om a n a n a l y s i s o f d i v e r s e l i t e r a r y s o u r c e s , wh i l e t h e d e f i n i t i o n o f ma r i t a l s t a b i l i t y i s t a k e n f r om Ca r y l Ru s b u l t ' s I n v e s tme n t Mo d e l . He r I n v e s tme n t Mo d e l S c a l e h a s b e e n u s e d f o r me a s u r i n g d e g r e e o f ma r i t a l s t a b i l i t y. Th i s q u a n t i t a t i v e s t u d y i s b a s e d o n d a t a f r om a s amp l e o f 8 1 r e s p o n d e n t s . S t a t i s t i c a l a n a l ys e s h a v e n o t s h own a n y s i g n i f i c a n t r e l a t i o n s h i p b e twe e n p r ema r i t a l c o h a b i t a t i o n a n d s u b s e q u e n t ma r i t a l s t a b i l i t y . An i n d i c a t i o n d i d a p p e a r , h owe v e r , t h a t n o n c o h a b i t o r s h a v e s l i g h t l y h i g h e r v a l u e s o f ma r i t a l s t a b i l i t y t h a n c o h a b i t o r s . T h e d i f f e r e n c e i n v a l u e s o b s e r v e d b e twe e n t h e two g r o u p s wa s s l i g h t l y u n d e r t h e b o r d e r l i n e o f s t a t i s t i c a l...
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Psychological aspects of staying at foreign culture
Kučerová, Eliška ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Morgensternová, Monika (advisor)
This master thesis is focused on the psychological aspects of the reentry to the home culture from the studying programme LLP - Erasmus. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the reentry from Erasmus is seen as a complex phenomenon which consists of cognitive, affective and behavioral processes. The attention is mostly dedicated to the psychological problems of the reverse culture shock. In the theretical part, there is also introduced a concrete design of the reentry training because the reentry training seems to be really helpful for a successful students's readaptation. The empirical part of the thesis constists of the quantitative and qualitative study and investigates the psychological aspects of the reentry period of the individuals who study at the Faculty of Arts at the Charles University in Prague and who attended LLP - Erasmus in the academic year 2007/2008. 103 students participated on the quantitaive study and they were tested if their sex, age and the duration of the foreign sojourn influence a degree of the reverse culture shock and the duration of the readaptation which is needed for coping with the readaptation problems. It was found that sex and age do not influence both a degree of reverse culture shock and the duration of the readaptation. The qualitative study continues on the...
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Suicidal process in adult population
Komadová, Katarína ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Baudiš, Pavel (referee)
Suicidálny proces je komplexný fenomén vyskytujúci sa v roznych variantách. Vzniká na podklade životných udalostí, psychickej poruchy, dlhodobej vulnerability jedinca k suicidálnemu správaniu alebo ich kombinácie. V prípade, že na počiatku suicidálneho procesu stojí životná udalosť, k rozvoju suicidálneho procesu dochádza vtedy, ak ju jedinec subjektívne hodnotí ako významnú, nezlučiteľnú s pokračovaním v živote a nenachádza z nej riešenie. Suicidálnemu jednaniu nemusia vždy suicidálne myšlienky predchádzať. K rozhodnutiu k realizácii suicidálneho aktu može človek dojsť buď v období predchádzajúcom suicidálnemu jednaniu a ďalej sa k nemu odhodlávať alebo čakať na výsledok situácie, ktorú hodnotí ako neúnosnú alebo k nemu može dojsť až v čase tesne pred suicidálnym jednaním. V takomto prípade jedná následne po spúšťacom podnete. Tento typ je charakteristický pre skratkovité suicidálne akty, avšak može sa vyskytnúť i u osob, ktoré nad suicidálnym jednaním uvažovali už v období predtým alebo mali predstavy o úniku zo situácie prežívanej ako neznesiteľnej. Iným typom suicidálneho procesu je postupné zúženie v oblasti afektov, percepcie, kognícií a hodnot. K suicidálnemu jednaniu dochádza, ak sa jedinec nachádza v situácii, ktorú vníma ako neznesiteľnú alebo neriešiteľnú, ak sa nachádza v stave zúženia,...
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