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Resilience and protective factors of children in refugee camps
Miková, Michaela ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Červinková, Monika (referee)
This thesis is reaching for a better understanding of resilience and protective factors of children in refugee camps. The first two chapters of literature review are presenting the basic geopolitical context of migration and the refugee camp environment, including the psychosocial challenges of this environment and discussion about the mental health of refugee children. The third chapter defines the general concept of resilience and protective factors, setting the initial framework for the fourth chapter, which describes these phenomena specifically for children in refugee camps. For a wholesome description of the topic, a bioecological model that divides resilience and its factors into four levels: individual, family, community, and institutional/political, is used. Similarly, the research project is based on this model. The project is carried out qualitatively through interviews with psychologists who have had professional or volunteer experience with children in the refugee camp. The project offers more comprehensive description of resilience and protective factors and provides guidance on how these findings can be supported in psychological interventions. The research data were analysed using the grounded theory method. Beside checking the occurrence of the protective factors from the literature review...
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The Beginning of School Attendance and Possible Problems Connected With This Developmental Stage
Šporclová, Veronika ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee)
The theme of the thesis is the beginning of the school attendance and possible problems associated with this child development milestone. The theoretical part is focused on theoretical approaches to development of the child, the developmental level of pre-school and early school aged children. The next section deals with maturity and school readiness. Next chapter is devoted to the child's entry to the school. There we consider the various factors that might influence the first year pupil being successful at school and also how he feels at school. The theme of the empirical part is homework and the interaction between parents and school children in preparing for school. The research is the part of the international project briefly introduced in the text. The qualitative study follows the performance of homework, children's attitudes to homework and how children perceive their parents help with their homework. In the quantitative study we test the degree of statements of parents and children on issues related to homework, help with homework and attitudes to homework match. Key words: homework, home preparation for school, parents, pupil, cooperation, parental support, preschool age, school age
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Drawing and its meaning at preschool age
Orlická, Jana ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šporclová, Veronika (referee)
The Bachelor thesis is focused on a children's drawing and its meaning in preschool age. It is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focusing on children's drawing in connection with specific aspects of preschool age evolution and then on positive development of a child using drawing and ontogenesis of the graphic demonstration. In the end I mention the diagnostic value of the children's drawing and application of drawing in artetherapy. The theoretical part is followed by suggestion of a research that is aiming for application of particular projective drawing method - Drawing-a-Person test and by preschool children as a complementary diagnostic method. Keywords: children's drawing, preschool age, diagnostics, artetherapy.
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Examination of reading skills in reading printed or digital text by children of younger school age.
Marková, Kateřina ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Pešout, Ondřej (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on examination of reading skills in reading printed or digital text from screen by children in elementary school age. Ever younger readers are encountering digital reading at the beginning of the development of their reading skills. Therefore, this work aims to map the effect of screen reading and the differences in the processing and the text comprehension as opposed to printed text. The theoretical part describes the psychological aspects of reading based on Czech and foreign sources. Further, this part summarizes the findings of reading digital text from screen, in particular the factors that affect such reading, its advantages and disadvantages and the processes during this reading. A separate chapter is devoted to reading from the screen by school-age children who were subsequently probands of the research part. The empirical part deals with the verification of several hypotheses. These hypotheses verify differences in reading of printed and digital text of the same difficulty. Proband are elementary school pupils aged 8-10 (n=93, girls n=48, boys n=46). Z. Matějček's Reading Exam was chosen as a method for verifying reading skills, which makes it possible to evaluate the dynamics of reading competencies such as performance in error rate, speed, and comprehension...
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Dysfunctional family environment from the perspective of an adolescent
Potužníková, Kristýna ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Mudrák, Jiří (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with adolescents who grew up in a dysfunctional family environment. The content of the literary-review part of the diploma thesis will be devoted to dysfunctional family systems in which the basic needs of the child are not met. It will also address the key areas of development for understanding the child's experience within individual ages of development up to adolescence. Attention will also be paid to coping strategies and child support resources during development. The research survey will consider the qualitative design, which will take place through an interview with the help of adolescents. The target group will be adolescents who grew up in a dysfunctional family environment. The aim of this research will be to describe the experience of adolescents in dysfunctional family systems. Thanks to the research part, the elaboration of this diploma thesis can be a tool for understanding the feelings and experiences of children who grew up in this environment. It can thus be applied in working with adolescents, but also with the parents of these children. At the same time, it can be a source for the prevention of mental decompensation and the possible development of more serious mental problems. Keywords Family; Dysfunction; Development; Adolescents; Coping
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Self-harm of adolescents with traumatic experience
Fantová, Lucie ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Mudrák, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to map self-harm characteristics of adolescents with personal history of traumatic experience including the purpose and development of self-harm over time. First, in the theoretical section of this paper, the developmental stage of adolescence and its risks for engaging in self-harm is portrayed. Then, the topic of trauma, its diagnostic background and neurobiological impact is described, followed by chapter about self-harming itself, its forms, frequencies, functions, etiology and its association with suicide. By the end of this section the role of adolescent resilience in coping with the impact of trauma and self-harm is discussed. The follow up empirical research project of qualitative nature conducted under Dětské krizové centrum includes a set of case studies that were holistically evaluated for all aspects of self- harm and its development over time. Keywords Adolescence; trauma; child abuse neglect; self-harm; suicide; resilience.
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Interaction between children with autism spectrum disorder and their neurotypical sibling in preschool age
Lukšicová, Terézia ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Urban, Kamila (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on interaction between siblings in pre-school age, with the older sibling being impacted by an autistic spectrum disorder, while the younger sibling has not been diagnosed with the disorder. The theoretical part of the thesis analyses contemporary scientific findings related to this topic. It provides theoretical bases of the autistic spectrum disorder and provides information on the relationship between the siblings. An individual chapter discusses the healthy sibling and its development. The last section of the theoretical part analyses the interaction between the two siblings. Main attention is given to features which infiltrate into the relationship of the siblings and influence it. This part also examines potential methods which are to be used to improve the quality of interaction between the siblings. The empirical part consists of two researches, a quantitative one and the supplementary qualitative research. The goal of the quantitative research was to identify how certain specifics of interaction are impacted by the sincerity of problematic behavior of the sibling diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder. The results proved a significant positive correlation between the sincerity of problematic behavior and the amount of conflicts occurring between the siblings....
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Development of signing using applied behavior analysis in individuals with autism spectrum disorder
Borovská, Šárka ; Niederlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Šporclová, Veronika (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of development of signing in children with autistic spectrum disorder using principles of applied behavior analysis. In the first part of the thesis there are stated the theoretical resources from the area of communication and speech development in general population and from the area of sign language development. Second part is focused on the problematics of autistic spectrum disorders, on the related specifics in the area of communication and speech and on the current possibilities of diagnosis in early age. Third part of the thesis is dedicated to the use of signing with the children with ASD and covers different aspects regarding this communication mode. In the fourth part there are the field of applied behavior analyses and its possible utilization in the development of signing in children with ASD introduced. The final part is a plan of longitudinal study that would examine the long-term effects of the development of signing in non-speaking children with ASD. Keywords Autism Spectrum Disorder; Developing communication; Manual signs; Signing in ASD; Applied Behavior Analysis
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Assistance to parents of children with ASD in teaching self-care skills based on methods of ABA
Jandáčková, Kateřina ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Draberová, Jana (referee)
The master thesis focuses on the topic of support for parents of children with autism spectrum disorders in the development of daily living skills according to the principles of Applied behavior analysis. In the literature review the theoretical background of the topic and current research findings based on the literature are described. The empirical part is conceived as a qualitative research. The goal is to monitor the change in the behavior of parents and their children with ASD when practicing hand washing after using two different ways of parent training - behavioral skills training and video manual. The method of data collection was an observation of video recordings provided by families which were assessed by two observers using an evaluation checklist. Furthermore, the data were supplemented with information from a questionnaire which was used to receive feedback from the participants. The results of the research map the progress of each participating parent and child in hand washing procedure according to the principles of ABA. The conclusions can be the foundation for future research to create a suitable parent training model in practice of daily living skills in children with ASD. Keywords Applied behavior analysis; Autism spectrum disorder; Behavior skills training; Daily living skills;...
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Psychosocial aspects of acute phase treatment of childhood cancer
Janda, Tadeáš ; Blatný, Marek (advisor) ; Šporclová, Veronika (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to present psychosocial aspects of acute phase treatment of childhood cancer. The literary briefing section is divided into four chapters. The first chapter presents the general medical characteristics of childhood malignancies and the principles of treating pediatric oncology diseases. The second chapter captures key findings of developmental psychology to ontogenesis in childhood and adolescence. The third chapter focuses on the psychosocial aspects of oncological treatment and psychological interventions applied during this treatment. The fourth chapter deals with palliative care in pediatric oncology and the psychological context of the child's death and family bereavement. Qualitative research consists of a set of four descriptive case reports of patients and their parents who are in the acute phase of cancer treatment or are shortly after its completion. The case reports present the experience of these patients and parents. Keywords Pediatric oncology, pediatric hematooncology, pediatric oncopsychology, pediatric patient, adolescent patient.
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