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The pre-service chemistry teachers' professional vision development
Honskusová, Linda ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
Teachers' ability to reflect on teaching is one of the essential attributes that enhance the quality of teaching. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on teachers' professional development and cultivate their professional vision (PV) over a long period of time. PV is an important set of discursive practices that enable one to see a meaningful event and is associated with selective attention and knowledge-based reasoning. This dissertation focuses on three main objectives: (1) to describe current findings on PV development in teachers and to select the means by which PV will be developed in prospective chemistry teachers, (2) to identify the PV skills of chemistry student teachers and the factors that influence its development, and (3) to suggest appropriate teaching innovations. In order to determine the degree of PV development of future chemistry teachers and the possibility of developing it through systematically guided reflections, students' input and output written reflections were analysed using a methodology based on Sherin and van Es (2009) and supplemented with information from a questionnaire of personally perceived teacher proficiency. Influencing factors were identified through semi- structured interviews. The research was conducted on three groups of Chemistry student teachers of the...
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Contemporary Scientific Knowledges and its Pedagogical Transformation by Way of Example of Human Evolution's Topic
Dvořáková, Radka ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Zrzavý, Jan (referee) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is about the pedagogical transformation of modern scientific knowledge from the field of palaeoanthropology and evolution anthropology to the teaching about human at the first and high schools in the Czech Republic. The main objective of this thesis (realised through four constituent research studies) is to analyse and to describe this complex and multilevel process. The first step was the content analyse of 32 textbooks. We also analysed the framework of the whole process. We realise questionnaire survey among 217 teachers and also interview with 10 teachers. The last research study about student's attitude and knowledge was questionnaire survey among 660 students. We found that there are no serious obstacles in the teaching of (human) evolution from the field of believers in the Czech Republic like in some other countries. It takes usually few decades to get new findings and conceptions into the textbooks, despite it some exceptions exist. Teachers seem to be the key participants of the process of pedagogical transformation. It is not only about the information they teach in their lessons but also about the way how they teach and about the attitude the build-up towards the topic among their students.
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Specific reading domain metacognitive strategies of the 5th grade elementary school students
Říčan, Jaroslav ; Wildová, Radka (advisor) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee) ; Kolář, Zdeněk (referee)
This dissertation focuses on identification of metacognitive development levels among students in their year 5 in either (a) mainstream elementary schools, (b) elementary schools implementing Dalton education elements in their curriculum or (c) elementary schools implementing RWCT program in their daily activities. The main goal of the empirical study is to verify or disprove the thesis which states that the type of educational programme can influence the metacognitive development of a child in a specific reading domain. That is why author of this text examines the level of (a) the regulation aspect and (b) knowledge aspect of metacognition at research sample of 1103 students from different types of primary schools. The results of this study verify the hypothesis that the type of education program has direct influence on metacognitive development of a student: (a) students of RWCT elementary can better judge the relative effectivity of suggested strategies based on the task situation (metacognitive knowledge) and together with student from Dalton plan elementary schools they are able to (b) recognize false answers from correct ones and are also (c) more accurate in their error approximations of answers related to reading comprehension (metacognitive regulation). Students from RWCT elementary...
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The analysis of the textbooks and the creating of the learning texts about the thematic unit of carbohydrates and their metabolism for the gymnasial grammar schools
Šmídl, Milan ; Škoda, Jiří (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee) ; Solárová, Marie (referee)
1 Abstract: The main parameters describing content and the accessibility of information from textbooks are many aspects such as text difficulty and others. Individual characteristics of pupils - that are represented by chosen student preconceptions and misconceptions - also belong to key factors. The providing of the comprehensive view of the issues regarding analysis and the linking of acquired pieces of knowledge with the practical textbook creation have been the main aims of this dissertation. The creation of an instructional text follows the analysis results of the topic carbohydrates and their metabolism in chosen textbooks and the preconception analysis of biochemical terms. The instructional text respects the results of the analysis. The theoretical background of textbook creation (the functions of textbooks, their structure, content, characteristics and investigated parameters) has been described in detail in the theoretical part of this doctoral thesis. It is followed by the survey of the information concerning student preconceptions and the possibilities for their analysis and use in teaching. The aspects of textbooks use from the perspective of pupils, teachers and publishers, as well as the relation of the topic carbohydrates and their metabolism to curriculum documents have been described in...
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Activating methods and forms in teaching of natural science
Kolková, Jiřina ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Vašutová, Jaroslava (referee) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee)
The theme and scope of submitted thesis is "Activating methods and forms in teaching of natural sciences" then followed with regard to the author's certification in chemistry and biology. The thesis is solved in conformity with requirements of the Framework Educational Programme, especially the change of the teaching style in schools. The thesis is written down with respect of a natural continuation of previous work of the author - diploma thesis dealt with project teaching and rigorous thesis was focused on cooperative activities. With regard to the objectives of submitted work the design of the research project is divided into two component parts: a questionnaire survey and a video study.
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Environmental Literacy of Second Grade's Pupils at Primary School in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Germany
Svobodová, Silvie ; Teodoridis, Vasilis (advisor) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee) ; Petr, Jan (referee)
Environmental Literacy of ISCED 2 Pupils in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Germany Mgr. Ing. Silvie Svobodová ABSTRACT The concept of environmental literacy is based primarily on the principles of environmental education. It is a measure of environmental knowledge, attitudes, sensitivity and environmentally responsible behavior. It represents a relatively broad multidimensional construct, which can be summarized into three main dimensions (cognitive, affective and conative). This dissertation is focused on the environmental literacy of ISCED 2 pupils in the Czech Republic and selected Central European countries. The main contribution of the work lies in the construction and verification of a sophisticated authorial analytical tool for comprehensive testing of environmental literacy and its application in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Austria and Germany. The tool is based on a range of tools established and published abroad, the applicability of which in the Czech environment has been verified, namely the Middle School Environmental Literacy Survey and 2 Major Environmental Values. The research analyzed the relationship between the dimensions of environmental literacy and the identified significant determinants that can fundamentally predict the level of environmental literacy, in the...
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Analysis of biology lessons focused on the professional vision a reflection of future teachers
Němečková, Linda ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee) ; Čížková, Věra (referee)
Pedagogical practice is a substantial component in the education of future teachers, because during it, the specific knowledge that is important for the performance of the teaching profession are developed. This dissertation thesis is dedicated to professional vision and the ability to reflect by future biology teachers during their pedagogical practice. The thesis specifically deals with the analysis of individual reflections of students and observation interviews. The research is conducted using several studies. The first study was performed with the analysis of 130 written reflections taken before and also after individual watching video recordings of 65 students' own lessons. For the analysis of written reflections, the categorical system submitted by Sherin and van Es (2008) was used. For students doing their first practice at lower secondary school, a statistically significant shift across a wide range of professional vision categories was detected after watching a recording of their own lessons. This was unlike the students doing their second practice at upper secondary schools. Further analysis was carried out, and was aimed at deeper research into the nature of the evaluative statements. The analysis was conducted by 10 future teachers of biology and 40 written reflections were reviewed....
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Contemporary Scientific Knowledges and its Pedagogical Transformation by Way of Example of Human Evolution's Topic
Dvořáková, Radka ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Zrzavý, Jan (referee) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is about the pedagogical transformation of modern scientific knowledge from the field of palaeoanthropology and evolution anthropology to the teaching about human at the first and high schools in the Czech Republic. The main objective of this thesis (realised through four constituent research studies) is to analyse and to describe this complex and multilevel process. The first step was the content analyse of 32 textbooks. We also analysed the framework of the whole process. We realise questionnaire survey among 217 teachers and also interview with 10 teachers. The last research study about student's attitude and knowledge was questionnaire survey among 660 students. We found that there are no serious obstacles in the teaching of (human) evolution from the field of believers in the Czech Republic like in some other countries. It takes usually few decades to get new findings and conceptions into the textbooks, despite it some exceptions exist. Teachers seem to be the key participants of the process of pedagogical transformation. It is not only about the information they teach in their lessons but also about the way how they teach and about the attitude the build-up towards the topic among their students.
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Specific reading domain metacognitive strategies of the 5th grade elementary school students
Říčan, Jaroslav ; Wildová, Radka (advisor) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee) ; Kolář, Zdeněk (referee)
This dissertation focuses on identification of metacognitive development levels among students in their year 5 in either (a) mainstream elementary schools, (b) elementary schools implementing Dalton education elements in their curriculum or (c) elementary schools implementing RWCT program in their daily activities. The main goal of the empirical study is to verify or disprove the thesis which states that the type of educational programme can influence the metacognitive development of a child in a specific reading domain. That is why author of this text examines the level of (a) the regulation aspect and (b) knowledge aspect of metacognition at research sample of 1103 students from different types of primary schools. The results of this study verify the hypothesis that the type of education program has direct influence on metacognitive development of a student: (a) students of RWCT elementary can better judge the relative effectivity of suggested strategies based on the task situation (metacognitive knowledge) and together with student from Dalton plan elementary schools they are able to (b) recognize false answers from correct ones and are also (c) more accurate in their error approximations of answers related to reading comprehension (metacognitive regulation). Students from RWCT elementary...
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