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Modelling of runoff changes due to forest disturbances in the Šumava catchments
Švejdová, Klára ; Jeníček, Michal (advisor) ; Šípek, Václav (referee)
Runoff conditions in river basins are heavily influenced by vegetation cover. Changes in the vegetation linked to forest disturbances significantly affect the water balance of the river basin. These changes can be effectively quantified using hydrological models. Therefore, this thesis aims to describe water balance change in forests disturbed by bark beetles and storms. Three model experiments were simulated using the HBV precipitation-runoff model for Roklanský potok, Ptačí potok and Rokytka catchments in Šumava, Czechia. All these catchments underwent significant forest damage after recent disturbance. First experiment used the split sample test method. Calibration was performed separately for the period before and after disturbance, and then simulated for the whole period. The resulting simulated runoffs notably differ from one to the other, which may be caused not only by deforestation, but also by the effects of climate and the characteristics of individual catchments, which also affect their runoff response. The second model experiment was based on changes in vegetation-dependent parameters (melt factor and snowfall correction factor) and analysis of their effect on the simulated runoff. The results did not reveal significant changes in the monitored runoff characteristics. However, this is...
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Spatial snow distribution in locality with diverse forest structure in the Sumava Mountains
Švejdová, Klára ; Jeníček, Michal (advisor) ; Šípek, Václav (referee)
Snowpack is strongly influenced by several environmental factors. Besides meteorological and topographical conditions, vegetation structure plays an important role. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to assess how the canopy structure affects snow distribution. The snow depth and snow water equivalent (SWE) were measured in a selected location situated in the Kvildský potok basin in the Šumava Moutains during the winter season 2019. Canopy structure was described using Leaf Area Index (LAI) obtained from hemispherical images of the area. The degree-day method was used to calculate melt factors. The influence of vegetation was examined by using the correlation and regression analyses. Snow depth and SWE was significantly lower in forest sites than in the open area and in the forest disturbed by the bark beetle (Ips typographus). The influence of canopy structure was highest during snow accumulation and its importance decreased with time. The SWE variability was largest for last measurement during the melt phase. Melt factor calculated for period between last two field measurements was 2.3 mm∙řC-1 ∙d- 1 .
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Analysis of variance in R
Švejdová, Klára ; Matějka, Martin (advisor) ; Sobíšek, Lukáš (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the One-way ANOVA and its nonparametric counterpart the Kruskal-Wallis test. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the ANOVA's test validity and power in case of assumptions (e. g. normal distribution, homoscedasticity and sample size) violations. The conclusions of the One-way ANOVA are compared with the Kruskal-Wallis test. The analysis is performed using Monte Carlo simulations implemented in the statistical software R. Based on the simulations, it is found out that the One-Way ANOVA is not significantly sensitive to the violation of normality, if the homoscedasticity assumption is met within each of four samples. On the other hand it is found out that the One-Way ANOVA is significantly sensitive to the violation of homoscedasticity at the particular specification. The Kruskal-Wallis test yields in better results if the homoscedasticity assumption is violated. In case that the One-Way ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test are valid, the ANOVA provides higher power of the test.
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Loan financing of company
ŠVEJDOVÁ, Klára
The diploma thesis deals with credit financing of the company. The aim of the thesis is the analysis of credit policy in a specific company, summarize the major findings of the most importatnt credit instruments, outline the course of the credit process and explain the issues of the security for a debt. The partial aim of the thesis is to analyse specific situation of the providing the bank guarantee. The first half of the thesis is focused on the comparison the differences in a bank overdraft and specific loan. In the second half of the thesis there is a matching of the credit products for small and medium enterprises in terms of Czech banks following the planned acquisition of fixed assets in the company. In the final part of the work is done and a summarized evaluation of the data and proposal of measures to streamline the credit financing.
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Company profit and the factors influencing its growth
ŠVEJDOVÁ, Klára
This Bachelor theses is focusing on the company profit and the factors influencing its growth in one of the selected company in the South Bohemian region. The theoretical part consists of the summary of the theoretical knowledge of profit, its basic functions and usage in the company. Explanation of economic expressions, structure and interpretation of each indicator will be found here as well. The analysis of development of the economic profit was measured during the period of three years and the evaluation of the overall development of the mentioned company (Ltd) was done based on the analysis Du Pont with the purpose to disclose the links of indicators that influence the modification of value of the indicator of profitability. The economic situation of the mentioned company was evaluated based on this analysis and the proposal of how to ensure a more effective financial management, was submitted to this company.
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