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Content of radon in the building materials and its influence on human health
ŠTĚPÁNOVÁ, Miluše
This bachelor thesis deals with presence of radon gas in brick building materials. Three samples of each of four examined brick kinds were used divided into two separate groups to investigate the relationship between the chemical-mineralogical composition and radon concentration. First group consisting of Ytong and Porfix brands of brick collects autoclaved aerated concrete blocks. Being considered major type of lightweight concrete-based materials, it consists of Portland cement, lime, sand, water, and calcium sulfate. Second group collects Heluz brand bricks and historical bricks taken from the wall in the Nová Říše Monastery, both kinds being clay-based fired bricks. Results were compared with a number of relevant studies and certificated values of the activity concentration index. Using data from semiconductor-based gamma spectroscopy detector, the radon concentration was measured indirectly, through the activity concentration index. Three of the most prominent natural radionuclides potassium-40, radium-226 and thorium-232, known to form radon through their radioactive decay, were subject to the measurements. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spektrometry (ICP-OES) method was chosen as appropriate for chemical analysis. To ensure effective comprehension with structure and physicochemical properties of the samples, X-ray crystallography was used to provide mineral content measurement. Activity concentration values of the clay-based fired bricks were as much as three times higher than those of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks. This was due to high content of phyllosilicates originated from igneous and metamorphic rocks.

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