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Evolution of Eurasian mammoths during the Quaternary with a focus on adaptations related to climate change
Bhija, Amín ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Čermák, Stanislav (referee)
The main purpose of this work is to summarize the changing functional morphology of Eurasian mammoths throughout the Pleistocene, along with a short summarization of the Pleistocene environments of Eurasia. Dietary habits of mainland European mammoths are also be described, as the dental morphology and microwear analysis of mammoth teeth is often used as an environmental indicator. The transition between early mammoths such as Mammuthus rumanus, Mammuthus meridionalis and more derived grassland mammoths such as Mammuthus trogontherii and Mammuthus primigenius is illustrated through morphological adaptations and a change in their diet.
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Stable isotopes in study of diet in Ursidae, including fossil taxa.
Marková, Aneta ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Čermák, Stanislav (referee)
Composition of food of members of the family Ursidae is often discussed topic. Up to now, however, there is some uncertainty about the trophic level of some fossil groups. Very useful method which helps us to determine the trophic level of the fossil species and determine the relative proportion of plant and animal components in the recent ones is the analysis of the stable isotopes. This study summarizes present state of methodological approaches and possibilities of use of the stable isotopes 13 C and 15 N in the study of foraging ecology of bears. The results of the analysis of stable isotopes are presented together with results obtained by other methods. Attention is paid to groups for which the relevant isotopic data are available, with special emphasis on the cave bear, which trophic level is evaluated on the basis of stable isotopes analysis as well as in the evolutionary and nutrition context.
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Castorids (Castoridae, Mammalia) from the Early Miocene (MN 3) locality Ahníkov
Šmejkal, Roman ; Čermák, Stanislav (advisor) ; Mazuch, Martin (referee)
Beavers are members of Castoridae - the family of large rodents characterized by a robust skull of sciuromorphic type, a sciurognathous mandible, dentition with a tendency to hypsodoncy and incisives by uniserial microstructure. The aim of the thesis is a detailed morphometric analysis of the fossil material of beavers coming from the early Miocene (MN 3a) locality Ahníkov I, II in the Czech Republic. In the numerous material comprising 388 fragmentary specimens, all belonging to the genus Steneofiber, two distinct species were distinguished, attributed here as - Steneofiber eseri (the larger form) and Steneofiber aff. dehmi (the smaller form). Their taxonomy, systematics and assumed position within existing phylogenetic models were discussed. Key words: Castoridae, Steneofiber, Czech republic, Ahníkov, MN 3, early Miocene
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Lagomorpha (Mammalia) of the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Europe: a revision of selected taxa
Čermák, Stanislav
1 Lagomorpha (Mammalia) of the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Europe: a revision of selected taxa Stanislav Čermák The dissertation (accepted as a rigorous) thesis is concerned with selected taxa of lagomorphs, an ancient conservative group of herbivorous mammals, in the Pliocene and Pleistocene (Ruscinian - Biharian) of Europe. Using techniques of detailed morphometric analysis of 42 metric and 14 non-metric features, the fossil material (mostly new unpublished) of dental and cranial remains of Lagomorpha from 38 localities of Central, Southeastern, and Eastern Europe covering stratigraphically the period from Early Ruscinian to Late Biharian (MN 14 - Q2) was analyzed in detail. The work provides: (1) Ochotonidae - a detailed revision of poorly known pikas of "Ochotona group" from the Pliocene (Ruscinian) of Eastern and Southeastern Europe (i.e. Ochotona antiqua, Pseudobellatona, and Ochotonoma); a detailed morphometric survey of all currently available fossil record of Ochotona from the Pleistocene (MN 17 - Q1) localities of the Czech and Slovak Republics, it enlarges knowledge about these ochotonids based, up to now, on the relatively scarce fossil record from France, Germany, Poland, and Hungary; (2) Leporidae - a comprehensive revision of Hypolagus - the important and dominant genus of Leporidae in the...
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Castorids (Castoridae, Mammalia) from the Early Miocene (MN 3) locality Ahníkov
Šmejkal, Roman ; Čermák, Stanislav (advisor) ; Mazuch, Martin (referee)
Beavers are members of Castoridae - the family of large rodents characterized by a robust skull of sciuromorphic type, a sciurognathous mandible, dentition with a tendency to hypsodoncy and incisives by uniserial microstructure. The aim of the thesis is a detailed morphometric analysis of the fossil material of beavers coming from the early Miocene (MN 3a) locality Ahníkov I, II in the Czech Republic. In the numerous material comprising 388 fragmentary specimens, all belonging to the genus Steneofiber, two distinct species were distinguished, attributed here as - Steneofiber eseri (the larger form) and Steneofiber aff. dehmi (the smaller form). Their taxonomy, systematics and assumed position within existing phylogenetic models were discussed. Key words: Castoridae, Steneofiber, Czech republic, Ahníkov, MN 3, early Miocene
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Lagomorpha (Mammalia) of the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Europe: a revision of selected taxa
Čermák, Stanislav ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Sabol, Martin (referee) ; Benda, Petr (referee)
1 Lagomorpha (Mammalia) pliocénu a pleistocénu Evropy: revize vybraných taxonů Stanislav Čermák Předkládaná dizertační (uznaná jako rigorózní) práce se zabývá vybranými taxony fosilních zajícovců (starobylá konzervativní skupina býložravých savců) úseku spodního pliocénu až spodního pleistocénu (ruscin - bihar) Evropy. Technikami podrobné morfometrické analýzy (42 metrických, 14 nemetrických znaků) byl zpracován fosilní materiál (většinou nový nepublikovaný) dentálních a kraniálních pozůstatků rodů Psedobellatona, Ochotonoma, Ochotona a Hypolagus (N = 639) celkem z 38 lokalit území Česka, Slovenska, Maďarska a Ukrajiny reprezentující stratigrafický úsek spodní ruscin až svrchní bihar (MN 14 - Q2). Daná práce podává: (1) Ochotonidae - detailní revizi dosud komplexně nestudovaných taxonů pišťuch "skupiny Ochotona" spodního pliocénu (ruscin) východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (tj. taxonů Ochotona antiqua, Pseudobellatona, a Ochotonoma); v kontextu Česka a Slovenska revizi nálezů rodu Ochotona z pleistocénních (MN 17 - Q1) lokalit daného území, která podstatnou měrou rozšiřuje znalosti o těchto pišťuchách založené dosud na relativně nepočetných nálezech z lokalit Francie, Německa, Polska a Maďarska; (2) Leporidae - komplexní revizi rodu Hypolagus - stěžejního a dominantního rodu čeledi Leporidae pliocénu a...
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Genus Apodemus (Mammalia: Rodentia) in the Quaternary fossil record of Central Europe.
Knitlová, Markéta ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Macholán, Miloš (referee) ; Čermák, Stanislav (referee)
Wood mice of the genus Apodemus rank among the most common extant mammals throughout Europe. A history of its species and their distributional ranges is to be looked upon as a serious topic relevant also for general concepts on current setting of European biotic diversity. Nevertheless, despite several phylogeographic studies on that subject and a rich fossil record of the genus, many details of that issue remains only very poorly comprehended. This state is essentially caused by enormous complications with phenotype discrimination of individual species, their extensive variation and broad between-species overlaps in all phenotype traits. The present project was intended to establish the techniques enabling reliable species identification applicable to fragmentary fossil materials and to use them for retrieving information on range dynamics and phylogenetic history of individual species during the Quaternary past. It begun with detailed morphometric analyses of extant populations, using the characters available in fossils, and with establishing a concept of alternative parataxonomic classification covering the complete phenotype span of the genus. The respective techniques were applied onto an extensive set of well-dated records from the Late Pleistocene-Holocene sedimentary series from diverse...
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Návrh dřevostavby rodinného domu v obci Havlíčkova Borová
Čermák, Stanislav
The thesis deals with project of wooden building family house. The first part of the thesis is focused on a brief acquaintance with the structural system and then concrete conditions of the plot. In the practical part within the structural solution are designed to structure the walls and internal structures focusing on thermally technical appraisal and elaboration of drawings of the family house. An integral part of the thesis is the making of the statement the material needed and the design process of the construction of the family house.
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Stable isotopes in study of diet in Ursidae, including fossil taxa.
Marková, Aneta ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Čermák, Stanislav (referee)
Composition of food of members of the family Ursidae is often discussed topic. Up to now, however, there is some uncertainty about the trophic level of some fossil groups. Very useful method which helps us to determine the trophic level of the fossil species and determine the relative proportion of plant and animal components in the recent ones is the analysis of the stable isotopes. This study summarizes present state of methodological approaches and possibilities of use of the stable isotopes 13 C and 15 N in the study of foraging ecology of bears. The results of the analysis of stable isotopes are presented together with results obtained by other methods. Attention is paid to groups for which the relevant isotopic data are available, with special emphasis on the cave bear, which trophic level is evaluated on the basis of stable isotopes analysis as well as in the evolutionary and nutrition context.
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Lagomorpha (Mammalia) of the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Europe: a revision of selected taxa
Čermák, Stanislav
1 Lagomorpha (Mammalia) of the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Europe: a revision of selected taxa Stanislav Čermák The dissertation (accepted as a rigorous) thesis is concerned with selected taxa of lagomorphs, an ancient conservative group of herbivorous mammals, in the Pliocene and Pleistocene (Ruscinian - Biharian) of Europe. Using techniques of detailed morphometric analysis of 42 metric and 14 non-metric features, the fossil material (mostly new unpublished) of dental and cranial remains of Lagomorpha from 38 localities of Central, Southeastern, and Eastern Europe covering stratigraphically the period from Early Ruscinian to Late Biharian (MN 14 - Q2) was analyzed in detail. The work provides: (1) Ochotonidae - a detailed revision of poorly known pikas of "Ochotona group" from the Pliocene (Ruscinian) of Eastern and Southeastern Europe (i.e. Ochotona antiqua, Pseudobellatona, and Ochotonoma); a detailed morphometric survey of all currently available fossil record of Ochotona from the Pleistocene (MN 17 - Q1) localities of the Czech and Slovak Republics, it enlarges knowledge about these ochotonids based, up to now, on the relatively scarce fossil record from France, Germany, Poland, and Hungary; (2) Leporidae - a comprehensive revision of Hypolagus - the important and dominant genus of Leporidae in the...
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