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Stress in the Spanish of Czech speakers
Kostelecká, Viktorie ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The presented thesis concerns suprasegmental level of acoustic aspect of language and specifically devotes to stress issues. Due to the non-identical Spanish and Czech stress system, it is assumed that Czech students of Spanish as L2 would have varying error rate or dissimilarity. This study aims to ascertain the pronunciation level of Spanish stress by Czech speakers in a quantitative but also qualitative way. On the basis of present experiment, we would like to find some kind of regularity and perhaps detect a possible cause based of the facts of Czech stress. The first part pays attention to define stress, list it`s typology, function, but also focuses on syllable, vowel, and their relation to stress. In the second part there`s presented a contrastive comparison of stress in Czech and Spanish languages, its phonetic realization, acoustic perception, position, and relation to quantity. The third part represents the experiment itself based on audio recordings, its analysis and follow-up results processing.
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Augmentatives in Contemporary Spanish
Trousilová, Adéla ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
(in English) This paper deals with augmentatives in contemporary Spanish, which are very productive in colloquial Spanish. I have focused specifically on three augmentative suffixes: -ón/-ona, -azo/-aza and -ote/-ota. I investigated these suffixes on two language corpora, the monolingual Araneum corpus and the parallel InterCorp corpus. On the Araneum corpus I focused on the different meanings that augmentatives can convey depending on the context, and on the InterCorp corpus I observed the Czech counterparts of Spanish augmentatives. Within these corpus analyses, I showed that Spanish augmentatives rarely convey only size and usually carry other meaning features along with size, depending on the context, such as contempt, anger, praise, closeness, and irony. In some cases, the intention of the speaker is also observable through the augmentative.
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Crystal field by the means of single-crystal Time of Flight scattering
Venclík, Štěpán ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Klicpera, Milan (referee)
Crystal electric field has been studied since the 1970s using inelastic neu- tron spectrometry. A simple one-day time-of-flight measurement on pow- dered samples is often used. This thesis aims to demonstrate a method of determination of the crystal electric field parameters based on the data ob- tained from neutron time-of-flight spectrometer on a single crystal. A single crystal of the intermetallic compound PrNi5 was successfully prepared us- ing the floating zone furnace and characterised using XRD, EDX, and Laue diffraction. The time-of-flight scattering on the single crystal was conducted using HYSPEC at ORNL. A Monte Carlo calculation was carried out based on the scattering data to determine the crystal electric field parameters. The usefulness of the time-of-flight scattering on a single crystal for crystal electric field determination, particularly for systems with many crystal field levels, was shown. 1
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Spanish Predicative Complement Constructions and Their Czech and Slovak Equivalents
Mackovjaková, Andrea ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
This thesis examines Spanish constructions with predicative complement and their equivalents in Czech and Slovak. It is divided into two parts, a theoretical part and a practical part. In the theoretical part, I discuss the characteristics of the predicative complement in Spanish and also in Czech and Slovak. I describe its functions and different types. The practical part consists of corpus analysis using the parallel corpora InterCorp and par-skes-2.0. The aim of this thesis is to find out in what different ways six Spanish constructions with predicative complement can be translated into Czech and Slovak. Keywords predicative complement, syntax, corpus, Spanish, Czech, Slovak
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Tongue twisters in contemporary Spanish and Czech
Medonosová, Jana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This dissertation is entitled: "Tongue twisters in contemporary Spanish and Czech". It is divided into 6 chapters. Chapter 1. entitled Teoretická část provides the definition of "tongue twisters", a typology of their characteristics, and identifies possible causes of the difficulty of their pronunciation. Chapters 2. and 3. focus specifically on Czech and Spanish. Each chapter provides a brief summary of the specifics of the language in question, followed by an analysis of the individual linguistic idioms as classified according to the typology introduced in Chapter 1.4. Chapter 4. provides a comparison of tongue twisters across both languages. This dissertation will also present possible applications of tongue twisters in real life environments.
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Variants of the phonemes /d/ and /g/ in Spanish and their pronunciation by Czech and Slovak speakers
Vančišinová, Elena ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The present bachelor thesis studies the acquisition of Spanish phonemes /d/ and /g/ pronounced by Czech and Slovak speakers. The theoretical section contains a general description of the phonemes in contrast with the Czech and Slovak languages and describes the process of second language acquisition from a phonological point of view. The practical section deals with the acoustic analysis of target consonants in different contexts by using the Praat program. We evaluate the occurrence of each variant on twelve recordings of students and compare them with the pronunciation of native speakers. The results confirm that the transfer of L1 phonological knowledge plays an important role in the acquisition of L2 Spanish phones. Students mostly experience difficulties to spirantize the studied phonemes and to use a dental pronunciation of the /d/. The research also provides evidence about the factors which have the greatest influence on the correct acquisition of the consonants. Key words Spanish, Czech, Slovak, phonetics, language acquisition, Praat, pronunciation
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Forms of Address in Selected Variations of Hispano-American Spanish
Kolář, Jan Tomáš ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
in English Forms of address in selected variations of Hispano-American Spanish Key words: voseo, tuteo, usted, address, verb subsystem, pronoun subsystem, dialectology, American Spanish The thesis deals with forms of address in Argentine, Chilean, and Colombian varieties of Spanish. It is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The first part characterizes Hispano-American Spanish in general terms, concentrating further on the dialectological situation of the chosen territorial areas. This dialectological part is related to theoretical knowledge in the field of pragmatics, where the focus is on issues of communication, address, and social deixis. The practical section that follows begins by characterizing the selected television programmes that became the corpus substrate for the linguistic analysis, while also considering the methodology based on which this analysis was approached. This is followed by a practical linguistic analysis consisting of partial verbal conclusions. These partial findings are then synthesized in the final conclusion of the thesis, where the author attempts to place them in the context provided by the theoretical section, considering the contrastive conception of sociolinguistics in the Czech environment.
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Catalanisms in Spanish language
Martišková, Adriána ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis deals with language contact between the Spanish and Catalan languages. More specifically, it follows up their mutual influence, focusing on the influence of Catalan and its sociolinguistic environment on the Spanish language. In the beginning, the basic linguistic terms and the historical and structural summary of the Spanish and Catalan languages are defined. Before the very core of the work, we classify 3 language levels at which these two languages interact, forms of language contact and mechanisms of language interference. The main part of the work are two case studies in the form of an analysis of both Catalanisms of historic origin and contemporary interferences in journalistic style. Our corpus is the periodical La Vanguardia, in which the analysis is done. We are primarily interested in whether, in the case of written expression, language interference occurs and at the same time in the characteristics of individual expressions and their specific use in the context of the corpus.
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