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Court interpreting as a communication process
Švábová, Kateřina ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čeňková, Ivana (referee)
The aim of this study is to contribute to the existing knowledge about court interpreting in the Czech Republic, focusing on court interpreting as a communication process. The study brings an overview of findings on court interpreting in both the international and Czech context, particularly regarding the definition of court interpreting, its professionalization, institutionalisation, academisation and the fields of research. It subsequently details the specific issues regarding court interpreting in the Czech Republic, i.e. the entities connected with court interpreting, formal conditions of working as a court interpreter, the relevant legislation and ethical codex in the field of court interpreting, the court interpreter's job in practice and a focus on interpreting during criminal trials. Furthermore, the study looks into communicative situations, forms of interpreting, the process of the trial in criminal procedures and the participants in communicative events. The core part of the study includes three case studies conducted on the basis of authentic recordings and the transcription of relevant parts of the interpreted trials in criminal procedures. Each case study consists of a communicative situation analysis, contrastive structural analysis and pragmatic and interaction analysis. These...
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Graduates of the Institute of Translation Studies and their opportunities on the Labour Market
Novotná, Eva ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis focuses on the position of graduates of the master's programme in translation and interpreting at the Institute of Translation Studies at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University in Prague (formerly Department of Translation and Interpreting at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University; University of 17 November) on the labour market. It follows up on the survey of employment possibilities of graduates of these institutions which was carried out in 1997 (Čeňková). The theoretical part of the thesis addresses graduate placement from the viewpoint of education policy and of translation studies. This part also provides a description of language industry trends and problems of the translation and interpreting market, with particular emphasis on the Czech environment. The empirical part presents the results of a questionnaire survey among graduates in the field of translation and interpreting from 1967 to 2010. The survey focuses on the current position of the graduates on the labour market, on the development of their professional careers, on the transition of graduates to the labour market after completing their studies, on some aspects of the work of freelance translators and interpreters, on an assessment of the study programme and on the perception of the translating and interpreting...
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Franz Pöchhacker - one of the wellknown Austrian expert in Translation studies
Kousalová, Karolína ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Špirk, Jaroslav (referee)
This theoretical thesis focuses on the works of interpreting theorist Franz Pöchhacker. It examines the theoretical underpinnings of his work and analyses both his theoretical work and empirical research in his main fields of interest. Following a chronological order, the thesis covers Pöchhacker's work in the field of conference simultaneous interpreting, which he perceives as a complex action, the development of his interest in quality assessment in interpreting and community interpreting, as well as Pöchhacker's view of Interpreting Studies and its classification according to various parameters. The thesis also provides an overview of the most significant critical reactions to Pöchhacker's work. Key words: Franz Pöchhacker, interdisciplinary approach, integrating approach, hypertext, quality in interpreting, community interpreting, interpreting memes, 2½D interpreting model
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Daniel Gile's effort model in simultaneous interpreting
Tauchmanová, Jana ; Rejšková, Jana (advisor) ; Čeňková, Ivana (referee)
6 Summary Simultaneous interpreting is a very complex cognitive process. Daniel Gile's Effort Model is an attempt to describe in a schematic way the various competing processes that simultaneous interpreting is composed of. The model is based on findings from cognitive psychology, especially those relating to working memory and the limited processing capacity of the human mind. It defines the process of simultaneous interpreting as a combination of three individual, yet coinciding efforts (the Listening and Analysis Effort, the Production Effort, the Memory Effort), which require a certain amount of processing capacity to assure quality interpreting performance. Problem triggers can cause saturation of the interpreter's processing capacity to occur. Saturation manifests itself either by failure sequences or by the deterioration of the interpreter's performance, immediately or at a distance. The focus of our thesis is on processing capacity saturation due to numbers in simultaneous interpreting, from the point of view of the Effort Model. The first part of our paper is theoretical and deals with the various aspects of the simultaneous interpreting process, especially those relating to processing capacity, saturation and working memory; as well as with questions of well-known problem triggers, interpreting...
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The use of pause in simultaneous interpreting
Samková, Monika ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Sládková, Miroslava (referee)
The purpose of the present thesis is to shed light on the role of pauses in simultaneous interpreting between French and Czech, mainly from the point of view of the listeners of the source speeches in French as well as both students of interpretation and professional interpreters and from the viewpoint of the listeners of the speeches interpreted into Czech. It is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part briefly outlines the process of simultaneous interpreting and Daniel Gile's Effort Model and then it focuses on prosody and individual prosodic (suprasegmental) features, especially pauses and their use in simultaneous interpreting. The empirical part describes the experiment and presents its results. The experiment itself examines the effect that unnaturally long or unnaturally placed pauses in the speaker's quasi-authentic source speeches have on the choice of strategy and the simultaneous interpreters' performances (students and professionnals) and on the subsequent assessment of their performances made by the listeners of the interpreted speeches. Keywords simultaneous interpreting, pause, listener, speech, speaker, interpreter, comprehensibility
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The Development of Interpreting in Scandinavia
Pišvejc, David ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Rejšková, Jana (referee)
The thesis portrays Scandinavia, from the perspective of interpreting, as a fairly homogeneous unit. The countries that make up this part of Europe share the same historical, cultural, and political background, which is reflected in the region's development of, and current approach to, interpreting. Although originally very uniform in their demography, since the mid 20th century, the Nordic countries have become a final destination for immigrants from all over the world. This new reality focused attention on community interpreting. It is stipulated by the countries' laws that community interpreters must be used in certain situations. Chapter 2 looks at the development of interpreting in the largest of the Nordic countries, Sweden. Early interpreter training, organized from the late 1960s by community colleges, specialised in community interpreting. Today, this type of interpreting is taught in community colleges all over the country. The central interpreting research institution in Sweden, the Institute for Interpretation and Translation Studies at Stockholm University, is the only institution that provides courses in conference interpreting. Sweden lacks a single register of interpreters and there is no regulation of interpreting agencies. Chapter 3 describes the development of interpreting in...
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Interpreter-mediated interactions at film Festivals in the Czech Republic
Císlerová, Eva ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (referee) ; Müglová, Daniela (referee)
Filmové festivaly jsou v České republice důležitou položkou v úhrnu tlumočených interakcí. Před 15 lety bylo hlavní tlumočnickou činností na festivalech tlumočení filmů. Dnes se důraz přesouvá na úvody a debaty spojené s promítáním, což je způsobeno technologickým pokrokem v oblasti titulkování. Dizertační práce popisuje tlumočení na filmových festivalech ze dvou pohledů. První pohled je pohled z dálky a jeho výsledkem je seznam pozorovaných způsobů tlumočení na jednotlivých filmových festivalech v České republice. Data pro tento seznam byla získána pomocí dotazníků a rozhovorů s agenturami a organizátory festivalů. Druhý pohled pozoruje filmové festivaly z bližší a podrobnější perspektivy. Dívá se na tlumočení úvodů a debat v rámci promítání filmů. Do výzkumu byly zahrnuty následující filmové festivaly: Mezinárodní filmový festival Karlovy Vary (2009), Festival dokumentárních filmů o lidských právech Jeden svět (2009, 2010, 2011), Festival krátkých filmů Praha (2011) a Mezinárodní filmový festival Praha-Febiofest (2011). Způsob tlumočení v debatách a úvodech je převážně konsekutivní, někdy je ale v jednom směru nahrazen šušotáží. Tlumočení ve zkoumaných interakcích probíhalo mezi angličtinou, němčinou a češtinou. Výzkum je kvalitativní a má orientační povahu. Kvalitativní analýza je podpořena...
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Note taking development instudents of interpreting at the Institute of Translation Studies
Matrasová, Kateřina ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Sládková, Miroslava (referee)
The topic of this work covers note-taking in consecutive interpretation, in particular with respect to numbers and link words. The theoretical part looks at fundamental theoretical approaches of this topic, as well as some recently published theoretical and methodological studies. Its final part raises questions and hypotheses for the following experiment. The empirical part describes the preparation as well as the implementation of the experiment, which involved two groups of students from the Institute of Translation Studies at the Faculty of Arts of the Charles University. It presents and analyses the results obtained from the experiment. The conclusion provides summary of the results and some comments and recommendations. Key words: consecutive interpretation, note-taking, note-taking of numbers and link words, development of note-taking skills, consistent system of note-taking symbols
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The Correlation between the Speed of the Source Speech and Simultaneous Interpreter's Performance.
Moravcová, Dagmar ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Sládková, Miroslava (referee)
The purpose of the present thesis is to look into the correlation between the speed of the source speech and simultaneous interpreter's performance between Czech and French from the perspective of the French listeners of the source speeches in French, of two groups of interpreters (students and professionals) and of the listeners of the speeches interpreted into Czech. The thesis consists of the theoretical and the empirical part. The theoretical part outlines Daniel Gile's Effort Model and than focuses on the delivery rate of the source speech and on various theoretical approaches of different scholars, on the errors occured in the process of simultaneous interpreting, on intrepretation strategies and on the quality of interpretation. The empirical part describes the research method, the experiment itself and the results of the experiment which focuses both on the number of occurences of different interpretation stategies in relation to the source speech delivery rate and on the number of occurences of various error categories depending on the speed of the quasi-authentic source speeches. The empirical part examines the differences between the performance of the students and of the interpreters. Their performance is then assessed by the Czech listeners. Keywords simultaneous interpretation,...
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Interpreting models in PRC
Aguas Maisels, Sebastian ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Rejšková, Jana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to outline the development and current situation of the interpreting profession in China. It places particular emphasis on interpreter training at chinese universities, interpreters accreditations, professional organizations and the formation of interpreting theory and training as an autonomous discipline. The beginnings of the conference interpreting profession in China date back to 1979, when the UN Training Programme for Interpreters and Translators was launched. In 1994 this programme was transformed into the Graduate School of Translation and Interpretation at the Beijing Foreign Studies University, which became the first interpreter training institution in China. In 2006 the first three universities launched a BA in Translation and Interpreting (BTI). In 2007 fifteen universities started offering anew Master's programme in Translation and Interpreting (MTI). Currently, the number of universities offering BTI has more than doubled and the number of universities offering MTI has reached 150. Several universities offer also PhD programmes in interpreting studies. Interpreting studies are gradually developing into an autonomous discipline in China and monographs of representative Chinese researchers, e.g. Liu Heping, Bao Gang or Wang Binhua, attest to it. Most of Chinese...
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