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Analysis of natural organic dyes and pigments by mass spectrometry
Stýblová, Marie ; Hrdličková Kučková, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (referee)
This thesis named "Analysis of natural organic dyes and pigments by mass spectrometry" investigates the identification of selected natural organic dyes and pigments by qualitative Laser Desorption/Ionisation - Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry analysis (LDI-TOF MS). The advantage of LDI-TOF MS method is its quick and reliable identification of low molecular weight material without preparatory chemical or time-consuming modification of samples. This method can be used for the analysis of works of art or for verifying their authenticity thanks to requiring only a little amount of sample. The LDI-TOF MS was tested on 19 organic dyes and pigments (e.g. alizarin, apigenin, baicalein, flavone, xanthone, tannic acid), four exemplarily prepared lakes (alizarin, purpurin, chrysin a quercetin lakes) and lakes mixed with organic binding media. The method was also successfully applied to two samples of blue color that were taken from Josef Čapek's painting called 'Procházka' (The Walk), that was dating back to 1936.
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Interactive Tools for Teaching Chemistry - Interactive Teaching Supported by Wolfram Mathematica
Helceletová, Zuzana ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (advisor) ; Duschinská, Karolina (referee)
Information and communication technologies (further referred to as "ICT") are increasingly influencing whole structure of the society. The integration of ICT into education together with the transition of the traditional teaching into a modern learning environment is therefore understood as one of the key factors of further development. This work examines some of the possibilities of applying electronical support for teaching chemistry at high schools. It focuses mainly on the visualisation of the subject matter, suitable positive motivation and incitement of the students. This paper describes in detail the presentation of subjects in chemistry using software applets of Wolfram Mathematica. One of the goals of this paper is to introduce the software and to present its potential application in teaching chemistry. Furthermore it shall encourage the use of particular demonstrations applets of the software Wolfram Mahematica. To achieve this goals, the author of this paper describes in detail the source codes of seven demonstrations applets called "Formulas and Structures for Some Simple Molecules", "Build Your Own Atoms", "Visualizing Atomic Orbitals", "Alkanes", "Oxidation States of Carbon", "Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory" and "Ideal Gas Law", which are available for free on...
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Science experiments during free-time activities of school-aged children
Moulisová, Marie ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (advisor) ; Kropáčková, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the ways in which science (chemistry, physics, biology) and other related disciplines can be used in primary school children's leisure time activities. It presents a number of practical proposals as for how to make these subjects more accessible in an attractive way. The theoretical part briefly describes the individual subjects in question, a range of leisure-time facilities suitable for the intended activities, and specifies the characteristics of preschool children. The practical part brings a numer of possible experiments in the given subjects, together with their description and practical implementation. The proposals for experiments and activities are based on everyday life. The aim of this thesis is to make these often not fully understood everyday life situation accessible to children in an interesting and playful way. The final reflection is aimed at the assessment of the suitability of the individual proposals, and their possible pitfalls and improvements.
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Textile dyeing by vegetal dyes
Rychlovská, Kristýna ; Hrdličková Kučková, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (referee)
1 ABSTRACT: Theoretical part of this bachelor thesis deals briefly with colour perception and history of dyeing with natural dyes. Also it devotes to dyer's plants, their use and colouring agents. Then the thesis deals with classification of natural dyes, their structure, use and organisms that contain these dyes. The accent is put on social important dyes and mainly on dyes that were analysed in the Experimental part. In the theoretical part of this thesis the principle of the used mass spectrometric method is explained. In the Experimental part the dyeing of small clothes by the selected plants is described. The the textiles were analysed by LDI MS (Laser Desorption/Ionisation - Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry). The goal of this thesis was by using of the method of mass spectrometry determine the known dyestuffs in black elder (Sambucus nigra), blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), onion (Allium cepa), red currant (Ribes rubrum), walnut (Juglans regia) and St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum). In the supplement part the photographed dyed textiles are presented. KEY WORDS: dyer's plants, vegetal dyes, mass spectrometry
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Preparation of polysaccharidic binders used in artworks
Švajcrová, Lenka ; Hrdličková Kučková, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (referee)
The main aim of this bachelor thesis was to prepare polysaccharide binders from the chosen kinds of starch (gained from potatoes, corn, wheat, rice and kuzu), Arabic gum and to pigment them. The created samples of the polysaccharide binders were then prepared for further investigation using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). This work is also focused on the history of the production of starch, its origin, contained substances and growing of the specific plants, from which the starch is obtained from. Furthermore, there is also described the technology process of paintings and other polychromatic arts creation. The technical character of paintings is actually determined by the binders, thus apart from the polysaccharide binders there are also described oil, protein and oil-resin binders. Key words: polysaccharidic binders, starch, Arabic gum, artworks
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Preparation of cochenial carmine
Helceletová, Zuzana ; Hrdličková Kučková, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (referee)
The aim of this study was to prepare a red organic pigment named cochineal carmine. The pigment was made out of dried insect called Coccus cacti using historical recipe. Next goal was to detect carminic acid by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR) in dried bodies of the mentioned insect, then in the pigment prepared from it and in the pigment that was prepared using extract called carminum rubrum. The other results of this work were the comprehension of the origin and preparation of carmine pigment and the identification of carminic acid in both prepared pigments.
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Optimization of photochemical hydrogen peroxide preparation
Mesnerová, Iveta ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (advisor) ; Kotoučová, Hana (referee)
The thesis topic: Optimization of photochemical preparation of hydrogen peroxide for laboratory of inorganic chemistry Abstract: This Bachelor thesis deals with compound of hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen peroxide. The theoretical part of thesis deals with basic physical and chemical characteristic of hydrogen peroxide, its preparation and last but not the least its production. The practical part of thesis deals with two main laboratoř preparations of hydrogen peroxide. First, from barium peroxide sequential reaction with hydrochloric acid, sulphuric, carbonate leader. Second, from anthraquinone dissolved in toluene by photochemical reduction isopropylalcohol and following oxidation mixture of air oxygen. The aim of thesis is implementation of those two methods, finding out the pros and cons and their comparison mainly from the point of preparation effectivness and possibility of use in laboratories of inorganic chemistry. Keywords: hydrogen peroxide, anthraquinone, photochemical reduction, toluene, isopropylalcohol
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