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Factors causing spatial distribution of ant nest
Zeman, Jiří ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Holec, Michal (referee)
We observed the distribution in the large complex of the interrelated nests of Formica polyctena ant species on the locality Polánka near Mladá Vožice. In GIS we studied which factors affect spatial distribution of the F. polyctena anthills via diskriminant analysis. Totally we maped 244 nests. The main factors affecting the distribution of ant nests are existence of open areas in the forest (paths and openings) and the position of another anthills. The anthills indicate the cluster spacing. Anthills in the openings are smaller than those in the highwood.
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Sequential and Prosodic Aspects of Conversation
Havlík, Martin ; Nekvapil, Jiří (advisor) ; Volín, Jan (referee) ; Zeman, Jiří (referee)
This study deals with two phenomena which are closely related to the turn-taking mechanism in conversation. These are: overlapping talk and the use of prosody in turn-taking. Prosody is linked to the formation of the transition relevance place. I point out the aspects of conversation, including prosody, which shape the transition relevance place, and also how prosody is used in the projection of turn-yielding, or turn-holding. I devote attention to three basic aspects of prosody: pitch movement, intensity movement and articulation rate. Furthermore, I analyze how overlapping turns are produced, how they proceed and how they are resolved. The characteristics of overlapping talk are influenced by the types of conversation in which they occur: while in mundane, informal conversation they can last only briefly, usually produced as a means of mutual understanding, in political debates they are often prolonged, as they are associated with the efforts of speakers to take and hold the floor.
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Biochemical and molecular studies of cytochrome c oxidase and ATP synthase deficiencies
Fornůsková, Daniela ; Zeman, Jiří (advisor) ; Hyánek, Josef (referee) ; Stiborová, Marie (referee)
Mgr. Daniela Fornuskova PhD thesis Biochemical and molecular studies of cytochrome c oxidase and ATP synthase deficiencies ABSTRACT The mammalian organism fully depends on the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) as the major energy (ATP) producer of the cell. Disturbances of OXPHOS may be caused by mutations in either mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA (nDNA). One part of the thesis is focused on the role of early and late assembled nuclear-encoded structural subunits of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) as well as Oxa1l, the human homologue of the yeast mitochondrial Oxa1 translocase, in the biogenesis and function of the human CcO complex using stable RNA interference of COX4, COX5A, COX6A1 and OXA1L, as well as expression of epitope-tagged Cox6a, Cox7a and Cox7b, in HEK (human embryonic kidney)- 293 cells. Our results indicate that, whereas nuclear- encoded CcO subunits Cox4 and Cox5a are required for the assembly of the functional CcO complex, the Cox6a subunit is required for the overall stability of the holoenzyme. In OXA1L knockdown HEK-293 cells, intriguingly, CcO activity and holoenzyme content were unaffected, although the inactivation of OXA1 in yeast was shown to cause complete absence of CcO activity. In addition, we compared OXPHOS protein deficiency patterns in mitochondria from skeletal...
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The impact of IGF1 and selected IGF1 gene polymorphisms on postnatal growth in children SGA/IUGR and extremely preterm newborns.
Kytnarová, Jitka ; Zeman, Jiří (advisor) ; Baxová, Alice (referee) ; Houšťková, Hana (referee)
Long-term outcome of extremely preterm neonates depends on many endogenous and exogenous factors. Long-term follow-up of extremely preterm neonates during childhood and analyses of IGF1 gene polymorphisms may help to better understand the problems connected with delayed postnatal growth and the progression of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2 in adulthood. The aim was the long-term follow-up of anthropometric parameters in children born at 22−25th and 26−27th week of gestation and to study the association between postnatal growth of extremely preterm children, children small for gestational age (SGA) and children born at term with appropriate birth weight/length (AGA) and IGF1 gene polymorphisms: (CA)10-24 repetitive polymorphism in promoter, microsatellite marker D12S318 and 185 bp in 3'UTR, (CT)n polymorphism (CA)n polymorphism 216 bp in the intron 2. Methods. 242 infants born at 22-27+6 weeks were enrolled. Anthropometric parameters were measured at the ages of 2 and 5 years in 72 children born at 22-25+6 week (group I) and 85 children born at 26-27+6 week (group II). Polymorphisms of IGF1 were analysed in 51 extremely preterm, 208 AGA and 59 SGA children using fragment analyses. The data of postnatal growth data in AGA children were obtained at 18 months, in SGA and extremely...
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Význam laktátu v diagnostice mitochondriálních onemocnění u dětí
Magner, Martin ; Zeman, Jiří (advisor) ; Baxová, Alice (referee) ; Procházková, Dagmar (referee)
The lactate level assesment in various body fluids plays an important role in the diagnostics of mitochondrial disorders in children. However, the interpretation of lactate level is often difficult due to its unspecificity and variability even in particular mitochondrial disorders. Three specific aims have been stated in this PhD Thesis: 1. To analyse the role of lactate examination in the differential diagnosis between children with mitochondrial disorders and children with other diseases. 2. To study the lactate level differences in various mitochondrial syndromes. 3. To characterise the clinical and laboratory data of neonates with mitochondrial disorders and to suggest new diagnostic algorhytms. Clinical and laboratory data from patients hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics were collected. Laboratory methods were provided in the cooperation with the Mitochondrial laboratory of the Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders. The study with lactate levels in 107 patients documented that brief seizures lasting less than 2 minutes did not increase lactate concentration in the CSF. CSF-lactate was a relialable marker in differential diagnosis in the children with mitochondrial disorders against children with epilepsy. 2. The severity of particular phenotype is more...
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Gradient polyconvexity and its application to problems of mathematical elasticity and plasticity
Zeman, Jiří ; Kružík, Martin (advisor) ; Zeman, Jan (referee)
Polyconvexity is a standard assumption on hyperelastic stored energy densities which, together with some growth conditions, ensures the weak lower semicontinuity of the respective energy functional. The present work first reviews known results about gradient polyconvexity, introduced by Benešová, Kružík and Schlömerkemper in 2017. It is an alternative property to polyconvexity, better-suited e.g. for the modelling of shape-memory alloys. The principal result of this thesis is the extension of an elastic material model with gradient polyconvex energy functional to an elastoplastic body and proving the existence of an energetic solution to an associated rate- independent evolution problem, proceeding from previous work of Mielke, Francfort and Mainik. 1
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Communication in School and its Specifics (Style of School Communication - An Independent Style in the System of Functional Styles?)
Chvalovská, Eliška ; Hoffmannová, Jana (advisor) ; Hájková, Eva (referee) ; Zeman, Jiří (referee)
The thesis summarizes the current state of knowledge in the style of school communication and formulates further characteristics of this style based on an analysis of real speeches and texts given by teachers and pupils. The use of specific means of verbal and non-verbal communication is tied both to the entire school discourse and also to its particular genres. An attention is also paid to some genres which are rarely discussed in linguistic literature (monologue speeches of pupils, dialogue among and between pupils, teachers' written preparations, didactic tests, etc.). Given the characteristic purposes and functions of communication in school, its specific features and means, the author recommends to define this style as an independent style in the system of functional styles.
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On the fastest path in the pedestrian flow problem
Zeman, Jiří ; Felcman, Jiří (advisor) ; Dolejší, Vít (referee)
The work treats a macroscopic pedestrian flow model. It shows the link of two possible definitions of the pedestrians' preferred direction of movement, one based on minimization of a functional, the other using the eikonal equation. The eikonal equation is derived in two dimensions, taking into account that the distant endpoint of the fastest path to the exit depends on the location of the pedestrian under consideration. Also, necessary condi- tions for a piecewise regular curve to be the minimizer of a certain functional in a related two-dimensional variational problem with non-standard Dirichlet boundary condition are formulated. 1
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Marketing strategy of selected company
Fogl, Zdeněk ; Zeman, Jiří (advisor) ; Filipová, Alena (referee)
The thesis is focused on evaluation of marketing strategy of a selected company focusing on NINJAGO brand on Czech market. Thesis is divided into two chapters. First chapter includes theoretical part and describes strategic planning process and product management. Theoretical part starts from situation analysis, following with outputs from situational analysis, marketing objectives, strategies towards customer and competition. Following with marketing mix, action plan, monitoring and evaluation. Second chapter covers practical part, where strategy is analysed in same steps as in the theoretical part. Obtained information and recommendations are summarized in final part of second chapter.
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