National Repository of Grey Literature 11 records found  1 - 10next  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Risk factors for head and neck cancer
Licková, Kateřina ; Čoček, Aleš (advisor) ; Büchler, Tomáš (referee) ; Vaňásek, Jaroslav (referee)
Risk factors for head and neck cancer MUDr. Kateřina Licková, MBA We focused on the research of risk factors for head and neck cancer (HNC) and the aim of our study was to confirm the influence of known external risk factors (alcohol and smoking) and further correlate the overall clinical and socio-economic status of the patient with HNC. In contrast to previous studies, we confirmed the results of the study with a control group of patients with other heterogeneous oncological diagnoses (OOD). The research was carried out in the years 2015 to 2019 at the Radiotherapy and Oncology Clinic of the Royal Vinohrady University Hospital (FNKV) in Prague. The study included 200 patients with ZNHK and 200 patients with OOD. For the research of risk factors, we used a non-standardized questionnaire focused on socio-economic and behavioral risk factors. We used the Czech reading test (CRT) to measure premorbid intellect, the visual analog scale VAS (from 0 to 10 cm) to determine the quality of life, the GAD-7 questionnaire to detect anxiety, the BDI-II self-assessment questionnaire to detect depression and and clinical data were obtained retrospectively from medical records and from the UNIS database of the hospital system. The results of our work confirmed that cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are the main...
Clinical and genetic aspects of familial breast cancer: Frequency of recurrent mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Czech republic and the role of NBN gene
Matějů, Martin ; Novotný, Jan (advisor) ; Konopásek, Bohuslav (referee) ; Vaňásek, Jaroslav (referee)
Summary: Background: An increased risk for development of hereditary breast cancer is associated with germline mutations in BRCA1/2 and the influence of NBN mutations is also supposed. The aim of this study is to specify the frequency of recurrent mutations in BRCA1/2 in unselected breast cancer patients and the frequency of most common pathogenic mutations in NBN in Czech republic, to assess current criteria for genetic testing and to consider the addition of NBN to the tested genes. Methods: Screening for recurrent mutations 5382insC and 300T>G in BRCA1 was performed by RFLP, screening for mutations in exon 11 of BRCA1 was performed by PTT, screening for mutations in a selected region of exon 11 of BRCA2 by DHPLC, and screening for mutations in exon 6 of NBN by HRMA. All the mutations were confirmed by direct sequencing. Results: In 679 unselected breast cancer patients 7 carriers of 5382insC, 3 of 300T>G, and 4 of other mutations in BRCA1 were identified. 2 locally prevalent mutations were found in BRCA2. In 730 controls only one 5382insC BRCA1 mutation was identified. Out of 5 NBN mutations found in 600 high-risk patients two were 657del5 and one R215W. A total of 8 NBN mutation carriers were identified among 703 breast cancer patients, 2 of them 657del5 carriers and three R215W carriers. In 915...
Relationship of selected indicators of nutritional status and results of oesophageal cancer treatment with chemoradiotherapy and surgery
Zemanová, Milada ; Tvrzická, Eva (advisor) ; Vaňásek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kazdová, Ludmila (referee)
The impact was assessed of clinical and nutritional factors on prognosis of 107 oesophageal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CHRT) and surgery. Individualised nutritional support, according to grade of dysphagia was carried out in all the patients. Serum leptin, soluble leptin receptors (SLR), TNF, IGF and fatty acid (FA) profiles in plasma phosphatidylcholine (PC) were studied as well. Addition of paclitaxel to carboplatin and continual fluorouracil significantly increased toxicity without influencing efficacy of the treatment. Post-operative node negativity, grade of dysphagia, weight loss and serum albumin were proved to be prognostic factors of survival and time to progression. CHRT led to decrease of SLR, palmitoleic and oleic acid and increase of n-3 polyunsaturated FA in PC. Lower concentrations of SLR were associated with improved survival of the patients. Key words: oesophageal cancer, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, weight loss, paclitaxel, albumin, soluble leptin receptor, fatty acids
Clinical and genetic aspects of familial breast cancerFrequency of recurrent mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Czech republic and the role of NBN gene
Matějů, Martin ; Novotný, Jan (advisor) ; Konopásek, Bohuslav (referee) ; Vaňásek, Jaroslav (referee)
Summary: Background: An increased risk for development of hereditary breast cancer is associated with germline mutations in BRCA1/2 and the influence of NBN mutations is also supposed. The aim of this study is to specify the frequency of recurrent mutations in BRCA1/2 in unselected breast cancer patients and the frequency of most common pathogenic mutations in NBN in Czech republic, to assess current criteria for genetic testing and to consider the addition of NBN to the tested genes. Methods: Screening for recurrent mutations 5382insC and 300T>G in BRCA1 was performed by RFLP, screening for mutations in exon 11 of BRCA1 was performed by PTT, screening for mutations in a selected region of exon 11 of BRCA2 by DHPLC, and screening for mutations in exon 6 of NBN by HRMA. All the mutations were confirmed by direct sequencing. Results: In 679 unselected breast cancer patients 7 carriers of 5382insC, 3 of 300T>G, and 4 of other mutations in BRCA1 were identified. 2 locally prevalent mutations were found in BRCA2. In 730 controls only one 5382insC BRCA1 mutation was identified. Out of 5 NBN mutations found in 600 high-risk patients two were 657del5 and one R215W. A total of 8 NBN mutation carriers were identified among 703 breast cancer patients, 2 of them 657del5 carriers and three R215W carriers. In 915...
Chemosenzitivity testing of human ovarian cancer cells and its in vitro model, human ovarian cancer cell line A2780
Caltová, Kateřina ; Červinka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vaňásek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Hofmanová, Jiřina (referee)
Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the most frequent cause of the death among gynaecological cancers in population of Czech women. The latest data from the National oncological register of Czech Republic show the incidence 20,64 and mortality 12,58 in 100 000 women (2010). A serious problem is represented by a late diagnosis of cancer, when the disease is diagnosed in the late stadium and finally this causes high mortality from this kind of cancer. Most complicated factors include high heterogenity of the disease, frequent apperance of resistance to cytostatics and low individualization of chemotherapy. In cooperation with a Clinic of gynaecology and obstetrics, Faculty hospital in Hradec Kralove, we have tested solid tumors and ascites samples of patients with ovarian cancer diagnosis to predict answers to chemotherapy within in vitro conditions. A panel of six cytostatics (cisplatin, paclitaxel, carboplatin, gemcitabine, topotecan, etoposide), which are also used in primary chemotherapy of ovarian cancer, has been tested. We have also used a model system, a human ovarian cancer cell line A2780, co compare the reactivity to tested cytostatics. Our results show the highest sensitivity of cells isolated from clinical samples of solid tumors and ascitic fluid to topotecan and...
Relationship of selected indicators of nutritional status and results of oesophageal cancer treatment with chemoradiotherapy and surgery
Zemanová, Milada ; Tvrzická, Eva (advisor) ; Vaňásek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kazdová, Ludmila (referee)
The impact was assessed of clinical and nutritional factors on prognosis of 107 oesophageal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CHRT) and surgery. Individualised nutritional support, according to grade of dysphagia was carried out in all the patients. Serum leptin, soluble leptin receptors (SLR), TNF, IGF and fatty acid (FA) profiles in plasma phosphatidylcholine (PC) were studied as well. Addition of paclitaxel to carboplatin and continual fluorouracil significantly increased toxicity without influencing efficacy of the treatment. Post-operative node negativity, grade of dysphagia, weight loss and serum albumin were proved to be prognostic factors of survival and time to progression. CHRT led to decrease of SLR, palmitoleic and oleic acid and increase of n-3 polyunsaturated FA in PC. Lower concentrations of SLR were associated with improved survival of the patients. Key words: oesophageal cancer, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, weight loss, paclitaxel, albumin, soluble leptin receptor, fatty acids

National Repository of Grey Literature : 11 records found   1 - 10next  jump to record:
Interested in being notified about new results for this query?
Subscribe to the RSS feed.