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Health and nutritional status of elderly people
Maxová, Petra ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor)
My batchelor's thesis proposes to find out the nutritional and health status of elderly people, risk factors for malnutrition in selected sample of population from Nursing Home in Prague 10 Malešice. The first part informs about gerontology and geriatrics, aging theories, nutritional advices, typical diseases for this part of the life and also malnutrition. The elderly people forms the large and risk group for malnutrition. As well we meet with the obesity, it is not only the problem of children and middle age nowadays. The practical part is making use of Mini Nutritional Assessment questionnaire and results of blood biochemistry. The acquired score from Mini Nutritional Assessment questionnaire divided the group of seniors into 3,8% in malnutrition, 30,8% in risk for malnutrition and 65,4% in normal nutritional state. The state of mind, the level of mobility and self-support at table are considered as statistically singnificant. There is direct correlation between the score and the value of plasma proteins, albumin and prealbumin. For healthy and long living are correct diet, regular activity and contact with other people needed.
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Anthropometric parameters in medical students
Procházková, Linda ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor)
The aim of this work was to validate and verify changes in the students of the 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University regarding their lifestyle and nutritional status with emphasis on the actual nutrition itself. Voluntary male and female students of 1st and 6th year were measured and their BMI values and percentage of body fat values were recorded using methods of bioimpedance measurement and questionnaires targeting their lifestyles and eating habits. A total of 35 female students of 1st year was measured as compared to 27 in their 6th year of studies and a total of 27 male students of 1st year compared to 7 in the 6th year. Questionnaire was filled in by 41 female students of the 1st year, 31 female students of the 6th year. Male students who filled in the questionnaire numbered 23 in the 1st year compared to 13 in the 6th year of their studies. In accordance of our hypothesis we came to conclusion that BMI index values and the percentage of body fat have midly risen in the students of the 6th year compared to the students of the 1st year. However, regarding lifestyle, a higher sport activity and lower use of alcohol and tobacco products was detected with female students of the 6th year in comparison with female students of the 1st year.
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Calcium - Sources and Real Consumption in Various Types of Diets
Latzková, Veronika ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor)
Calcium is an important mineral element that we need to maintain health. Total amount in the body is about 1 kilograms , while 99 % is stored in bones and teeth . The remaining 1 % Of calcium in the body has a number of functions . It is involved in neuromuscular and correct muscle activity , on platelet aggregation , the activity of the gastrointestinal tract also has a function intracellularly . Excess and deficiency of calcium leads to various diseases such as osteoporosis , changes in neuromuscular excitability or calcium deposition in soft tissue changes Personality and CNS damage . Calcium homeostasis in the body regulate the three main kalcitropní hormones - parathyroid hormone , calcitonin and vitamin D. Failure of secretion affects disease of excess or lack of calcium. Since the body can not produce calcium , the only new source of calcium received in the diet. The need for calcium is not the same throughout life , it changes depending on the age and present status. Most calcium is needed during growth, pregnancy and lactation and in old age. The task of the study is to evaluate possible sources of calcium in the diet , to determine the basic foods rich the calcium and calcium usefulness of various kinds of food. Subsequently, virtually verify income calcium in the diet of persons under...
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Nutrition of school children at the age of 11-12 years - food consumption
Halbrštátová, Michaela ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor)
Motivation: Well known fact is, that it is possible to prevent most of diseases with balanced diet and it is also known that many diseases have their pathological basis in the childhood. The evaluation of food consumption of schoolage children was the aim of this study. Hypothesis: I supposed the diet with excess of energy and insufficient in vegetables and fruit. Aproach: The data were collected by 24-hours recall and analyzed by specialized program. Results: A general distribution of basic nutrients is consistent with the nutritional recommendations. However children have insufficient supply of mineral substances and vitamins except vitamins C and B12 and vitamin K among boys. In addition there was an unnecessary high share of sweet food and lack of fruit, vegetables, milk and dairy products in the diet. Conclusions: It is necessary to motivate children and parents to think about their health and about steps they can take for themselves and for the others. It is essential to arrange for prevemptive programs the whole population can benefit from.
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