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Sprouty 2 in the early development with focus on the craniofacial area and development of limbs
Pasovská, Martina ; Hovořáková, Mária (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee)
Sprouty proteins are known as negative regulators of the pathways downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways. FGFs are involved in patalal and tooth formation, osteoblasts proliferation, differentiation and bone formation. Especially FGFR3, one of the fibroblast receptors, affects chondrocytes in the growth plate and its gain-of-function mutation is responsible for chondrodysplastic syndromes. Sprouty2 (Spry) gene plays an important role in embryonic development, as in the development of limb, kidney, pulmonary branching and morfogenesis of teeth. Spry2 knock-out results in supernumerary tooth formation in diastema of mandible, abnormalities of skull shape or cleft palate. Sonic hedgehod gene (Shh) also plays an important role in the craniofacial development and in the development of limb bud. The aim of this master thesis was to describe the expression of Spry2 in the craniofacial area and in the developing limbs with focus on the early stages of embryogenesis. We focused also on the relationships between Spry2 and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) gene expressions in the craniofacial area and in the limb buds. In situ hybridization was used to show the expression patterns of Spry2 and Shh genes. Immunohistochemistry was used for visualization of Spry2 and...
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Sprouty 2 in the early development with focus on the craniofacial area and development of limbs
Pasovská, Martina ; Hovořáková, Mária (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee)
Sprouty proteins are known as negative regulators of the pathways downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways. FGFs are involved in patalal and tooth formation, osteoblasts proliferation, differentiation and bone formation. Especially FGFR3, one of the fibroblast receptors, affects chondrocytes in the growth plate and its gain-of-function mutation is responsible for chondrodysplastic syndromes. Sprouty2 (Spry) gene plays an important role in embryonic development, as in the development of limb, kidney, pulmonary branching and morfogenesis of teeth. Spry2 knock-out results in supernumerary tooth formation in diastema of mandible, abnormalities of skull shape or cleft palate. Sonic hedgehod gene (Shh) also plays an important role in the craniofacial development and in the development of limb bud. The aim of this master thesis was to describe the expression of Spry2 in the craniofacial area and in the developing limbs with focus on the early stages of embryogenesis. We focused also on the relationships between Spry2 and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) gene expressions in the craniofacial area and in the limb buds. In situ hybridization was used to show the expression patterns of Spry2 and Shh genes. Immunohistochemistry was used for visualization of Spry2 and...
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