National Repository of Grey Literature 170 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Alkaloids of Dicranostigma franchetianum (Prain) Fedde and their selected biological activity
Wijaya, Viriyanata ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Šmejkal, Karel (referee) ; Klouček, Pavel (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Viriyanata Wijaya, M.Sc. Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Lubomír Opletal, CSc. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Alkaloids of Dicranostigma franchetianum (Prain) Fedde and their selected biological activity Dicranostigma franchetianum (Prain) Fedde (Papaveraceae) is one of the representatives of the small genus Dicranostigma Hook. f. & Thomson. D. franchetianum (Prain) Fedde has been selected for the phytochemical investigation according to the screening study. In the primary screening of the alkaloid extract for cholinesterases inhibition, the inhibitory value was high (hAChE/hBChE, IC50 g/ml; 1.67  0.11 and 3.85  0.31) and together at least 15 alkaloids were found in the extract. The primary ethanol extract was prepared from 11.8 kg of dry herb (Garden of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove). Using common chromatographic methods, 21 isoquinoline alkaloids of various structural types were isolated. All compounds have been identified using various spectrometric techniques (GC-MS, HPLC- MS, and 1D- and 2D-NMR, optical rotatory. The alkaloids obtained in sufficient amounts were determined for human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE), human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE), and...
Alkaloids of genus Narcissus: isolation, structural identification, biological activity
Šimková, Hana ; Cahlíková, Lucie (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Author: Hana Šimková Supervisor: prof. Ing. Lucie Cahlíková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Alkaloids of genus Narcissus: isolation, structural identification, biological activity Key words: Narcissus, alkaloids, biological activity, Alzheimer's disease, cytotoxic activity The aim of the diploma thesis was an isolation of alkaloids with a focus on minor fractions. These fractions were obtained from the summary alkaloid extract of Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton. The method of preparative TLC was used for the isolation of alkaloids. Three substances of alkaloid origin marked as Fj 3-4/kr, F 7/2-1, F 7/2-3 were isolated from the assigned fractions. These substances were identified as alkaloids of homolycorine type lycorenine, homolycorine and hippeastrine by using GC-MS, NMR and optical rotation. The results were also compared with data in the literature. These three alkaloids were tested for their inhibitory activity against AChE, BuChE, POP and GSK-3β. The inhibitory activity against AChE and BuChE was compared with the reference substances galanthamine (IC50 AChE = 1,71 ± 0,07 μM, IC50 BuChE = 42,3 ± 1,3 μM) and huperzine A (IC50 AChE = 0,033 ± 0,001 μM, IC50 BuChE> 1000 μM). The inhibitory...
Analysis of selected nutraceuticals by liquid chromatography
Ibrahim, Laureen Reda Youssef ; Jenčo, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
39 ABSTRACT Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Laureen Reda Youssef Ibrahim Supervisor: RNDr. Jaroslav Jenčo, Ph.D. Title of dissertation thesis: Analysis of selected nutraceuticals by liquid chromatography The extract obtained pellets of Humulus Lupulus L. var Columbus was subjected to a phytochemical study and isolation of its bitter acid constituents. The summary extract was separated into individual fractions by liquid-liquid extraction. After performing HPTLC, GC-MS, and LC-MS analysis, the fraction HL-Hex B was selected and purified further by preparative chromatography. A monocomponent pale yellow solid substance of lupulone was obtained after the final preparative separation. Based on instrumental analysis by reversed phase HPLC with core-shell particles, the analyte was compared to the extract of dietary supplement HopsVital where the presence of bitter acids in the supplement was shown. Key words: nutraceuticals, high performance liquid chromatography, sample preparation, modern stationary phases
Centaurea cyanus L. (Asteraceae) alkaloids and their biological activity related to Alzheimer's disease
Drabbová, Adriana ; Chlebek, Jakub (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
Drabbová, A.: Title of Diploma Thesis: Centaurea cyanus L. (Asteraceae) alkaloids and their biological activity related to Alzheimer's disease. Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Hradec Králové 2020. Ethyl acetate and chloroform alkaloids extracts were prepared from Centaurea cyanus L. seeds. A novel alkaloid AD-1 (Adrabbin) was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract by common chromatografic methods (column chromatography, preparative TLC). Its structure was elucidated by mass spektrometry, NMR analysis and determination of optical rotation. The alkaloid AD-1 (Adrabbin) possesses a unique structure which consists of a cyclic indole moiety. Also LC-MS analysis of fractions obtained by flash chromatography was performed. In those fractions were detected molecular ions related to compounds previously isolated from other Centaurea species. Alkaloid AD-1 (Adrabbin) was tested on ability to inhibit human cholinesterases, prolyl oligopeptidase and gylcogen synthase kinase 3β. The compound was considered against human cholinesterases inactive (IC50 values > 100 µM). Interestibgly, the alkaloid inhibited prolyl oligopeptidase the same intensity as a standard berberine (AD-1: IC50 143,0 ± 6,0 µM; berberin: IC50 142,0 ± 21,0 µM). The novel compound...
Natural compounds potentially influencing neurodegenerative diseases
Mňuková, Daniela ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Suchánková, Daniela (referee)
Mňuková D.: Natural compounds potentially influencing neurodegenerative diseases. Diploma thesis, Charles University in Prag, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department os Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical botany, Hradec Králové 2022, 88 s. This research diploma thesis draws mainly from foreign professional literature. It provides an overview of important natural substances that potentially influence neurodegenerative diseases. The first part describes the moct common neurodegenerative diseases, their characteristics, epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical picture. These diseases include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, multisystem atrophy, Pick's disease and other tauopathies, Huntington's disease, spinocerebellar ataxia and amyotrophic latelar sclerosis. The second part of diploma thesis presents natural substances that have been studied in preclinical and clinical studies in the last two decades for their potential to positively affect neurodegenerative diseases. The last part discusses the contribution of these natural substances fot therapy and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Keywords: neurodegenerative diseases, natural compounds, Alzheimer's disease, bioactive compounds
Screening of biological activity of various species of the genus Narcissus sp. II
Saaková, Franciska ; Suchánková, Daniela (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
Charles Univerzity, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical botany Author: Franciska Saaková Supervisor: PharmDr. Daniela Hulcová Ph.D. Title of thesis: Screening of biological aktivity of various species of the genus Narcissus sp. II Key words: Narcissus, Daydream (AL-723), Gay Kybo (AL-725), High Society (AL728), Love Call (AL-734), Peach and Cream (AL-739), Sunny Girlfriend (AL-743) a Yellow Salome (AL-745), inhibition of the AChE and BuChE For thousands of years, plants in the Amaryllidaceae family have been used as a source of medicinal remedies. Already in the fourth century B.C., Hippocrates of Cos used oil from the daffodil Narcissus poeticus, for the treatment of uterine tumors. In addition to the already mentioned antitumor activity, this family has a number of other important biological effects such as antimalarial, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, emetic, analgesic, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory effects [11]. This broad spectrum of properties makes them suitable candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer or malaria, whose incidence in the population is increasing. For this reason, it is very important to search for new potential drugs that could find...
Alkaloids from Vinca minor L. and their biological activity.
Vrabec, Rudolf ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Kokoška, Ladislav (referee) ; Lapčík, Oldřich (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Mgr. Rudolf Vrabec Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Lubomír Opletal, CSc. Title of doctoral thesis: Alkaloids from Vinca minor L. and their biological activity Key words: Vinca, indole alkaloids, Alzheimer's disease, AChE, BuChE, POP, GSK-3β, cytotoxicity, docking study Twenty-three monoterpene indole alkaloids of different structural types were isolated by chromatographic techniques from aerial parts of Vinca minor L. (Apocynaceae). The alkaloids were identified by a combination of analytical methods (NMR, MS, HRMS, optical rotation). Among obtained compounds, one structure was undescribed so far and was named vincaminorudeine. Eleven alkaloids were isolated for the first time from this species. Obtained compounds that were isolated in sufficient amounts were subjected to in vitro tests for the inhibition of hAChE, hBuChE, POP, and GSK-3β - enzymes that play a key role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. The most active alkaloid was (−)-2-ethyl-3[2-(3-ethylpiperidinyl)-ethyl]-1H- indole (VR-19) with IC50 = 0,65 µM for the inhibition of hBuChE, and with IC50 = 58 µM for the inhibition of POP. Other alkaloids which exhibited a significant inhibition against hBuChE (IC50  30...
Alkaloids from Vinca minor L. and their biological activity.
Vrabec, Rudolf ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Kokoška, Ladislav (referee) ; Lapčík, Oldřich (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Mgr. Rudolf Vrabec Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Lubomír Opletal, CSc. Title of doctoral thesis: Alkaloids from Vinca minor L. and their biological activity Key words: Vinca, indole alkaloids, Alzheimer's disease, AChE, BuChE, POP, GSK-3β, cytotoxicity, docking study Twenty-three monoterpene indole alkaloids of different structural types were isolated by chromatographic techniques from aerial parts of Vinca minor L. (Apocynaceae). The alkaloids were identified by a combination of analytical methods (NMR, MS, HRMS, optical rotation). Among obtained compounds, one structure was undescribed so far and was named vincaminorudeine. Eleven alkaloids were isolated for the first time from this species. Obtained compounds that were isolated in sufficient amounts were subjected to in vitro tests for the inhibition of hAChE, hBuChE, POP, and GSK-3β - enzymes that play a key role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. The most active alkaloid was (−)-2-ethyl-3[2-(3-ethylpiperidinyl)-ethyl]-1H- indole (VR-19) with IC50 = 0,65 µM for the inhibition of hBuChE, and with IC50 = 58 µM for the inhibition of POP. Other alkaloids which exhibited a significant inhibition against hBuChE (IC50  30...
Biological activity of macromycetes - A
Zvonková, Lenka ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
Zvonková, L. Biological activity of macromycetes - A. Charles University in Pragu, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, 96 pp. Key words: mushrooms, compounds, free radicals, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), antioxidant activity, sequential injection analysis (SIA) Fourteen different mushrooms taxons (orders − Boletales, Pezizales, Polyporales and Russulales) were examined in this diploma thesis. Lyophiziled extracts were prepared under the precise set of conditions from the fruiting bodies and consequently used for recognition of compounds groups and for antioxidant activity detection. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used for the determination of compounds groups. This TLC process proceeded in ascending development in pre-saturated chambers. From TLC results it was detected that tested mushrooms extracts contained especially amino-acids, saccharides, carboxylic acids, phenolic substances, sterols, which corresponds with the available literature. Alkaloids were also detected, especially in Leccinum griseum (Quél.) Singer extract. Antioxidant activity was set using sequential injection analysis method (SIA), which is based on DPPH radical bleaching. This method is very suitable, due to its rapidness and sensitivity, for evaluation of multiplicity routine antioxidant activity screenings. The...
Phytochemical study of Helianthus annuus L. IV
Podlipná, Jana ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
Podlipná, J. Phytochemical study of Helianthus annuus L. IV. Diploma thesis 2008. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, 93 pp. The thesis was focused on phytochemical research of plant Helianthus annuus L. The aim of the research was to obtain new information about plant metabolites of sunflower. There was an effort to evaluate the quality of included compounds in sprouts and sunflower seed shells and to divide ethanolic extract from leaves of this plant. Finally the evaluation of biological activity was done from fractions of leaves and shells. There weren't detected any alkaloids in extract from sprouts. Caffeic acid was detected in sunflower seed shells according to thin-layer chromatography. 80% ethanolic extract from sunflower leaves had significant antioxidant activity which was measured both by DPPH radical and FRAP method. Fat acids were found in fraction No. 14 (from 2nd chromatographic column of extract from leaves). Extract from leaves was toxic for worms Tubifex tubifex Müll. but it wasn't phototoxic.

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