National Repository of Grey Literature 80 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Development of demographic ageing in Italy and Spain
Illáš, Matej ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Development of demographic ageing in Italy and Spain Abstract This paper aims to describe and compare the process of demographic ageing and its components in Italy and Spain from 1960 to the present day. Demographic ageing is analyzed in the paper mainly through the share of the population over 65 years old, the old-age dependency ratio, and the median age. The main data source for this work is the Eurostat database. At the beginning of the observed period, Italy had only marginally higher values of demographic ageing indicators. However, during the observed interval, when both countries aged significantly, a much more significant difference was created between the countries. According to population projections, this difference should probably decrease by 2050, but both countries are expected to continue ageing. Keywords: demographic ageing, population ageing, age structure, Italy, Spain Character count (without spaces): 77 884
Comparison of the development of selected demographic indicators in Southern European countries at the beginning of the 21st century
Stryka, Václav ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Comparison of the development of selected demographic indicators in the Southern European countries at the beginning of the 21st century Abstract The main aim of this bachelor's thesis is the comparison of selected demographic indicators in the countries of Southern Europe during the years 2000-2021. Among these countries, Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece were chosen. The thesis provides a basic socio-economic analysis of the mentioned countries, their population structure and the development of basic indicators of natural reproduction under the influence of the components of fertility, mortality and migration. Based on the analysis of demographic processes, a hypothesis was raised about the fundamental influence of immigration on population growth. Two crisis periods were also marked out, which affected all states, and the change in the current trend of the development of fertility and mortality indicators was monitored. The second hypothesis assumes the greatest change in fertility indicators during the economic crisis and mortality indicators during the epidemiological crisis. The results of the first analysis reveal that immigration currently determines the development of the total population increase. The second hypothesis is also confirmed, the conclusion of the second analysis clarifies the direct...
Changes in fertility characteristics and population structures in Southern and Eastern Europe: interrelationships and contexts
Kahoun, Lukáš ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Changes in fertility characteristics and population structures in Southern and Eastern Europe: interrelationships and contexts Abstract There were significant changes in fertility characteristics and population structures between 1970 and 2020 in both Southern and Eastern Europe. This transition is associated with the concept of the second demographic transition by some authors. An unconventional methodology is used for its research in this thesis. Two three-dimensional scatter plots, which at the same time form unit cubes, are constructed using three selected indicators of both changes (fertility and structures). The distance between individual observations by examined years is interpreted as the dynamics of the transition of the given decades. The dynamics values from both scatter plots are then analyzed and compared with the others. The results show that changes between fertility characteristics and population structures are related to a certain extent, but the observed differences between regions or the specifics of some states complicate the generalization of this relationship. These conclusions also agree with the literature published so far. Key words: fertility, population structures, second demographic transition, data visualization, three-dimensional scatter plot Character count: 149 752
Alternative family forms in the Czechia in the 21st century
Bošková, Mariana ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Bartoňová, Dagmar (referee)
Alternative family forms in Czechia in the 21st century Abstract The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the development of alternative family forms in Czechia in the 21st century. These forms seem to be increasingly popular and more represented within households. The largest part of the research is devoted to unmarried cohabiting households. The characteristics of persons in these forms of cohabitation are presented in terms of their age, highest level of education, religion, and these households are also analysed according to the presence of children and their financial situation. The data are taken from the EU-SILC and ESS surveys from years 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018 and the year 2011 is also added with data from the Czech population and household census. The grow index is included to assess the evolution between years and a logistic regression for the analysis of opinions on unmarried cohabitation as well. Households of unmarried cohabiting partners and singles persons are becoming increasingly popular. The increase is particularly evident in the younger age groups. Key words: cohabitations, same sex unions, de facto partnerships, singles, EU-SILC, ESS, households, Czechia
Global trends in HIV/AIDS mortality
Aubrecht, Vratislav ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is focused on the development of HIV/AIDS mortality in the world starting from the year 1990 and the main goal is estimating the possible future development of the number of inhabitants of the world and defined regions and the influence of HIV/AIDS on the number of inhabitants up to the year 2065. The possible number of HIV/AIDS deaths and people, who were not born because of HIV and AIDS, is computed up to this year. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the most important institutions, which include fight against HIV and AIDS as a part of ther programme, are presented. Natural history of HIV infection and the successes in the research of HIV vaccine are described. In the analytical part, the demographic reproduction of the population of the world and selected regions between years 1950 and 2010 is described, followed by population projection of the world and regions up to year 2065 using the cohort component method. The projection is created in four variants. The first one eliminates the HIV/AIDS mortality. The second one is the constant variant, which conserve the level of HIV/AIDS mortality from the year 2010 up to the year 2065. Last two variants, higher and lower, consider changing levels of HIV/AIDS mortality at time. According to the results of this population projection,...
Social Housing in Social Policy focusing on Prague 7 City District
Junková, Kateřina ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Social Housing in Social Policy focusing on Prague 7 City District Abstract This diploma thesis focuses on the current system of social housing in the context of the social policy of the Czech Republic. It deals with individual problem groups using social housing, involves the research of social housing situation in other European countries and the overall historical context that has led to the current social housing situation in the Czech Republic. The theoretical framework aims to the housing itself it closely associated with the main topic. Since the subject is complex and broad, the analytical framework concentrates on social housing issues of the Prague 7 district. Current population in this particular territory is largely influenced by increased number of immigration of people mostly aged 20−45. As a result, the overall population is younger than in other parts and the number of seniors living in Prague 7 municipal district has been continuously decreasing. The outcomes of the population projection to the year 2050 suggest the proportion of age groups will probably change, and a high population growth is likely to happen under given assumptions. The life expectancy at birth and mean age of mothers at first childbirth increase, respecting nationwide trend. One of the other important factors is the...
Population and religion - possibilities of study in the Czech Republic
Fajfrová, Doris ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
This work deals with the possibilities of population study of religion in the Czech Republic after 1921. It is divided into two parts. The first is theoretical and it shows the way in which the study is lead up to. The second deals with the practical possibilities of religious studies in demographic perspective. In this section census data on sex, age and religious affiliation are used as a basis for drawing up a detailed description of the gender-age structure. Data are analysed on two basic levels. At the higher are compared three basic populations defined on the basis of religion. On the lower the internal structure of the population of person's "confession" is examined. The analysis shows that the number of people who belong to any religion between 1991-2011, greatly decreased, and that they form the part of the population which aged rapidly. The population is also according to the census more feminine. It turns out that it was more a result of the age structure than the tendency of women to declare their religious beliefs. Analysis also has shown that the characteristics typical for the population "with confession", are largely determined by the three most frequent confessions: Roman Catholic, Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren and Czechoslovak Hussite Church. In contrast, small churches and less...
Social housing in social policy
Junková, Kateřina ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Social Housing in Social Policy Abstract This diploma thesis focuses on the current system of social housing in the context of the social policy of the Czech Republic. It deals with individual problem groups using social housing, involves the research of social housing situation in other European countries and the overall historical context that has led to the current social housing situation in the Czech Republic. The theoretical framework aims to the housing itself and family policy issues, all closely associated with the main topic. Since the subject is complex and broad, the analytical framework concentrates on social housing issues of the Prague 7 district. Current population in this particular territory is largely influenced by increased number of immigration of people mostly aged 20−45. As a result, the overall population is younger than in other parts and the number of seniors living in Prague 7 municipal district has been continuously decreasing. The outcomes of the population projection to the year 2050 suggest the proportion of age groups will probably change, and a high population growth is likely to happen under given assumptions. The life expectancy at birth and mean age of mothers at first childbirth increase, respecting nationwide trend. One of the other important factors is the availability...
Fertility postponement in the Czech Republic and selected European countries in the period 1990−2015
Tovarová, Lenka ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee)
Fertility postponement in the Czech republic and selected European countries in the period 1990−2015 Abstract We have been able to observe the trend of shifting of maternity to later periods of life in European countries since the second half of the 20th century. However crucial for this thesis is to determine whether there have been disparity in delaying of maternity between selected Eastern European (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland) and Western European (Germany and Austria) countries since 1990 till present. The goal of this work is to find the relationship among setting of family policies, fertility rate of older women and respondents' views. In the first part of this thesis are outlined basic theories explaining postponing of maternity. There are also listed consequences related to the late maternity. The thesis touches a topic of family policies which influence the phenomenon of late maternity. It presents several fundamental tools of family policies and compares them among selected countries. The second part focuses on a description of demographic indicators that demonstrate the shift in timing of maternity. The main analysis in this thesis is a logistic regression, which explains respondent's views on issues related to a harmonization of family and employment by selected explanatory variables from...
Trends and patterns of cancer mortality in Kazakhstan in comparison with some selected European countries from 1986 to 2008
Ashimov, Askat ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Trends and patterns of cancer mortality in Kazakhstan in comparison with some selected European countries from 1986 to 2008 Abstract Cancer is the third leading cause of premature death in Kazakhstan. Every year more than thirty thousand Kazakhstani people are diagnosed with cancer. This master thesis tries to provide base for the cancer control programmes in Kazakhstan. It also analyses the changes of the mortality level and distribution by the most important groups of tumours for men and women. The most common types of cancer are lung, skin, breast and stomach. These four cancers combined account for over 44% of new cases of cancer. Lung cancer is the most common cancer in men accounting for nearly a quarter of cancer cases in men. Breast cancer is by far the most common cancer in women accounting for 20%. Cancer remains mainly a disease of older Kazakhstanis. The largest proportion of cancer deaths for both men and women were from lung cancer mainly caused by smoking. Deaths from cancers of the lung, stomach, breast and esophagus together accounted for almost a half (46%) of all cancer deaths. With an estimated ASMR 225.5 for males and 122.0 for females in 2008, cancer remains an important public health problem in Kazakhstan. The international comparison illustrates the differences in cancer mortality in...

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