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Corrosion of Metals in Chlorides According to Global Harmonized System
Kundrát, Vojtěch ; Tulka,, Jaromír (referee) ; Tulka,, Jaromír (referee) ; Molliková, Eva (advisor)
Transportation of chemicals and mixtures often leads to corrosive damage to their protective packaging, which could cause leakage of transported chemicals to the surroundings. This thesis deals with the corrosive effects of a solution which contains distilled water with 5 wt. % of NaCl solution and distilled water containing 2.5 wt. % of NaCl and 2.5 wt. % of urea. Samples of aluminium with purity of 99.5 % and non-alloy steel EN 10131 were exposed to these corrosive environments. Based on the performed corrosion tests were evaluated weight losses, the speed of corrosion, metallographic evaluation and comparison of results with the criteria according to the OECD methodology, which is indicated by GHS.
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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOPOLYMER-BASED NANOPARTICLES AND NANOFIBERS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN FOOD AND COSMETICS
Kundrát, Vojtěch ; Vilčáková, Jarmila (referee) ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The presented dissertation thesis deals with the polymer polyhydroxybutyrate and other biopolymers as a basic building block for the construction of micro- and nanoscopic structures and materials used in food and cosmetics. In the theoretical part, current literary review is prepared to introduce the basics of this application field. The practical part of the work is composed of three blocks developed during the doctoral study. In the first and most important part are summarized comments to the academic and patent outputs, where among the academic ones it is possible to find two peer-reviewed articles dealing with the electrostatic and wet spinning of PHB and properties of prepared materials. The patent outputs consist of several accepted and applied projects, which summarize results on both PHB spinning methods, but also on general approaches enabling the processing of PHB into forms enabling many applications in food and cosmetics. Second part was focused on the patented composition of the UV protection cream based on the prepared nanoscopic and micro- morphologies of PHB. The third block summarizes results focused predominantly on the electrostatic spinning of PHB and other biopolymers. Finally, a short chapter containing a brief description of projects that were in a way related to the dissertation topic, but rather practical development work in Central Tanzania and West Africa, which draw on knowledge and contacts gained during studies at FCH BUT Brno.
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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOPOLYMER-BASED NANOPARTICLES AND NANOFIBERS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN FOOD AND COSMETICS
Kundrát, Vojtěch ; Vilčáková, Jarmila (referee) ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The presented dissertation thesis deals with the polymer polyhydroxybutyrate and other biopolymers as a basic building block for the construction of micro- and nanoscopic structures and materials used in food and cosmetics. In the theoretical part, current literary review is prepared to introduce the basics of this application field. The practical part of the work is composed of three blocks developed during the doctoral study. In the first and most important part are summarized comments to the academic and patent outputs, where among the academic ones it is possible to find two peer-reviewed articles dealing with the electrostatic and wet spinning of PHB and properties of prepared materials. The patent outputs consist of several accepted and applied projects, which summarize results on both PHB spinning methods, but also on general approaches enabling the processing of PHB into forms enabling many applications in food and cosmetics. Second part was focused on the patented composition of the UV protection cream based on the prepared nanoscopic and micro- morphologies of PHB. The third block summarizes results focused predominantly on the electrostatic spinning of PHB and other biopolymers. Finally, a short chapter containing a brief description of projects that were in a way related to the dissertation topic, but rather practical development work in Central Tanzania and West Africa, which draw on knowledge and contacts gained during studies at FCH BUT Brno.
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Elastic proton-proton collisions at high energies
Procházka, Jiří ; Kundrát, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Osterberg, Kenneth (referee) ; Nemčík, Ján (referee)
Under the influence of standardly used (however, very simplified) description of Coulomb-hadronic interference proposed by West and Yennie (1968) the protons have been interpreted as "transparent" objects; elastic collisions have been interpreted as more central than inelastic ones. This property may be hardly put in agreement with the fact that in the majority of hadronic collisions many different particles have been created at high energies. Using the more general eikonal model it will be shown that the protons may be interpreted in agreement with usual conception; elastic processes being more peripheral than inelastic ones. The contemporary TOTEM experiment at the LHC accelerator in CERN devoted to measurement of elastic pp scattering and diffractive processes at the highest ever reached energies will be described. The eikonal model will be explained to greater details, generalized and applied to experimental data of elastic pp collisions under different assumptions at 52.8 GeV (older ISR data measured at CERN) and also at much higher energy of 8 TeV (new TOTEM data). The impact of different assumptions on determination of several quantities specifying hadron interaction will be studied. Mainly the assumptions influencing behaviour of elastic collisions in dependence on impact parameter of colliding...
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Elastic proton-proton collisions at high energies
Procházka, Jiří ; Kundrát, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Sýkora, Tomáš (referee) ; Dubnička, Stanislav (referee)
The proton, one of the basic constituents of atoms, was discovered around 1920. Its structure has been intensively studied since that time mainly with the help of proton- proton collision experiments. Main progress has started when corresponding experiments at the world's first hadron collider ISR at CERN which ran from 1971 to 1984 were performed. The understanding of the structure and interactions of this subatomic particle protons has been, however, rather incomplete. Only some very general models have been available especially in the case of higher collision energies when very different kinds of collisions have existed. Some very simplifying assumptions of unclear physical meaning have been then involved in models concerning elastic processes. The influence of these assumptions on physical interpretation has started to be studied and some progress has been made when the eikonal model has been proposed, i.e., the dependence of elastic collisions on corresponding impact parameter values has been taken into account from the beginning. However, even if some new results have been obtained many unanswered questions have remained. For example, the collision process has been denoted generally as probabilistic but corresponding probabilities have not been sufficiently defined and determined. The given thesis contains,...
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Elastic Scattering at the LHC
Kašpar, Jan ; Kundrát, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Valkárová, Alice (referee) ; Kupčo, Alexander (referee)
Title: Elastic scattering at the LHC Author: Jan Kasˇpar Departement: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Supervisor of the thesis: RNDr. Vojtečh Kundra't, DrSc., Institute of Physics AS CR Abstract: The seemingly simple elastic scattering of protons still presents a challenge for the theory. In this thesis we discuss the elastic scattering from theoretical as well as experimental point of view. In the theory part, we present several mod- els and their predictions for the LHC. We also discuss the Coulomb-hadronic interference, where we present a new eikonal calculation to all orders of α, the fine-structure constant. In the experimental part we introduce the TOTEM experiment which is dedicated, among other subjects, to the measurement of the elastic scattering at the LHC. This measurement is performed primarily with the Roman Pot (RP) detectors - movable beam-pipe insertions hundreds of meters from the interaction point, that can detect protons scattered to very small angles. We discuss some aspects of the RP simulation and reconstruc- tion software. A central point is devoted to the techniques of RP alignment - determining the RP sensor positions relative to each other and to the beam. At the end we present the analysis of TOTEM's first elastic scattering mea- surement at the LHC. The resulting...
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