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Examination of structures and functions of the shoulder joint in swimmers.
Lenčéšová, Eliška ; Kučerová, Klára (advisor) ; Rampová, Michaela (referee)
Swimming is considered one of the most suitable physical activities. Almost all muscle groups are involved in this sport. The aquatic environment in which this sport is performed eliminates the static load that is present in other sports. This is one of the many reasons why this sport is considered an ideal physical activity for people of all age groups. Shoulder injuries and pain are the most common problems swimmers experience. This occurs because of the nature of the movement that is performed during swimming. It involves repetitive movement of the upper limbs, the great effort required to overcome the resistance of the water and the attempt to generate as much speed as possible. These, and many more, are the reasons why the highest number of injuries occur at this location. Most of the force that is generated to move forward is provided by the upper limbs. The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to compare shoulder examination using clinical tests, which are available to all examiners, with ultrasound examination. Six subjects were examined, 3 males and 3 females. All probands are currently involved in competitive swimming or have been involved in the past and are currently practicing the sport at least 4 times a week. The probands involved in this work reported one shoulder with present pain...
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Neurovisual function in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Schusterová, Tereza ; Šafářová, Marcela (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
This thesis deals with the evaluation of neurovisual functions in patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS), which is a relatively under-researched topic. The study focuses on comparing selected oculomotor functions using the RightEye device between AIS patients and a healthy control group. The theoretical part introduces the etiology of this spinal deformity, mentioning potential changes in sensory systems that might contribute to the development of AIS. The treatment of this condition is briefly described as well. This section also discusses the possibilities of examining oculomotor functions using eye tracking methods, particularly the RightEye device. Methodology: In the practical section, the results of measurements on the RightEye device were compared between a group of 17 AIS patients and 17 healthy individuals. Both groups underwent device-based measurements, crossed eye-hand lateralization assessment, and hidden strabismus testing. The study assessed saccadic eye movements (targeting vs. overshooting, movement speed) and eye-hand reaction times, with the expectation of better results for the healthy control group. Results: Statistically significant results (p<0.05) were found in the evaluation of the number of repeated vertical and horizontal saccadic movements within a certain...
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Vestibular rehabilitation efect of patients with postural stability impairment
Ševčík, Marek ; Kučerová, Klára (advisor) ; Čakrt, Ondřej (referee)
Disorders of postural stability seriously impair the quality of life. Falls are more common in the elderly, where they can have very serious consequences. However, this issue does not always concern only seniors. These disorders can be caused by a number of reasons. The diploma thesis is devoted to postural stability in patients with vestibular disorders. The aim of the theoretical part of the work is to present comprehensive information on the control of postural stability, its disruption and the integration of sensory systems needed for its maintenance. Further chapters describe postural control assessment and rehabilitation options. The aim of the experimental part was to determine the effect of vestibular rehabilitation on postural control. The evaluation was carried out with the help of a static stabilometric platform Kistler®. 9 patients with postural stability disorder in the chronic stage participated in the research part. A total of 5 men and 4 women, aged from 35 to 78 years, on average 59 with SD ± 16 years, with peripheral (4), central (4) or combined (1) vestibular disorders were exposed to a 3- month rehabilitation program. Before starting the vestibular rehabilitation program, patients were examined for static stabilometry using the CTSIB and SLST tests. Every month, the...
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Influence of temporomandibular dysfunction on head position
Veselá, Nikola ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
Dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint appears to varying extents, depending on the chosen criteria, in at least half of the world's population. Altered afferentation from the orofacial area (for example due to dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint) can, according to research, have an effect on the position of the head, cervical spine and postural stability. However, the issue of the influence of temporomandibular dysfunction on head position or postural stability is still not sufficiently explored and conflicting opinions appear in the literature. The aim of this thesis is to reveal the correlation between dysfunction in the temporomandibular region and changes in postural stability, head position and subjective visual vertical. In the theoretical part, the current knowledge of the influence of the temporomandibular region on the surrounding structures and body posture will be presented using research. The aim of the practical part will be to investigate to what extent and in what time modulated afferentation from the orofacial area will affect the posture, head position and possibly also the subjective perception of the vertical. Measurements will take place on a stabilometric platform, using the Bucket method and further using QR codes and a computer program. The results will be...
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Stability in Showjumping and Dressage Riders
Vaňková, Kateřina ; Kučerová, Klára (advisor) ; Rampová, Michaela (referee)
Horse-riding has a major influence on the posture of the whole body of the rider. Rider has to constantly compensate the movement of horse's body and has to maintain a proper seat. The compensation is very demanding in harder tasks (showjumping, trotting) and is provided mainly by the trunk area of rider's body. In addition, if the saddle doesn't fit the rider, it leads to improper seat and the compensation becomes even harder. In long term, that could affect different segments of the rider's body and his overall stability. The practical part of this thesis consists of one-time examination of two groups. The first group contained nine showjumping and dressage riders who engage in horse-riding regularly over many years and do not do any other sport or compensatory exercises. The second group was control group and consisted ten healthy controls. Both groups contained 19-24 years old volunteers of the same gender. The main goal was to compare the two groups and to find out whereas the inclusion of the compensatory excercises would be desirable for riders. The examination was executed using a force plate with the software Kistler MARS (Measurement, Analysis & Reporting Software). On the force plate, postural stability of standing and a dynamic test were examined. Intrumental examination was...
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The effect of activity - inactivity on human cognitive function
Mandlík, Kryštof ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
This thesis adresses the effect of physical activity on human cognitive functions. It is based on the already proven fact that movement and physical activity have positive effect on human ascending reticular activating system. The experiment was conducted in two groups of different age. As a control group we used students not engaging in any activity. As a form of physical activity we chose brisk walk. The effect on cognitive function was based on direct measuring of memory in a form of recall test and on phonologic test of verbal fluence. Standardized questioners like Montreal cognitive test or MMSE weren't found apropriate because they are intended for use in case of impaired cognitive function. The aim of this thesis was to bring further findings on this topic. We were unable to confirm a statistically significant positive effect of physical activity on human cognition.
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The quantitative change of target text volume compared with source text volume in German-Czech translations
Kučerová, Klára ; Svoboda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Winter, Astrid (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the investigation of the quantitative change of target text volume compared with source text volume in German-Czech translations. The aim of this thesis is to empirically test the hypothesis that when translating into German the target text volume increases and when translating into Czech the target text volume decreases. The theoretical part of this thesis first summarizes the findings concerning the phenomena that may influence the target text volume. These are translation universals, especially explicitation, as well as translation strategies. The next part of the thesis deals with the methods used in the empirical research. This part describes the source texts and explains the procedure used for calculating the coefficients of change of target text volume. In the empirical part, the source and target texts provided by the translation agency are described. The main part of this chapter consists of an analysis of the coefficients of change of target text volume in terms of the functional style of the source texts, the subject area of the source texts and the individual translators. The last part of this chapter focuses on a questionnaire survey among translation agencies. Its aim is to find out how the price of translation is calculated and what the respondents'...
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Timber house with crawl space
Kučerová, Klára ; Sukop, Lukáš (referee) ; Ostrý, Milan (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to design a single storey detached passive house with crawl space in Svitávka. First part of the thesis is structural and architectural design of the house. Main living area comprises a living room connected with a kitchen, facing south-west. Two children’s bedrooms face south and the master bedroom faces east. Bathroom, toilet and utility room faces north. There’s a terrace adjacent to the southern facade of the building and a carport with a storage on the west side. The loadbearing structure of the house is timber frame supported by reinforced concrete foundation pads. External walls and floor are insulated with mineral wool, the flat roof is insulated with blow-in cellulose. Part of this thesis is research about crawl space and whether this type of foundation with ventilated gap works safely in our environment. Second part of the thesis is design of building services. The house is connected to electricity service line, water service pipe and sanitary sewer. Ventilation, domestic hot water heating and part of the space heating is ensured by multi-unit Nilan Compact with heat recovery. Auxiliary heat sources are a soapstone stove placed in the living room and electric heating panels. There are photovoltaic panels on the roof of the house. Rainwater is collected from the roofs and stored in stormwater tank for flushing the toilet and watering of the garden.
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Subjective visual vertical in patient with BPPV
Svobodová, Klára ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
The perception of verticality may be affected by a disorder of the vestibular system. One of the causes of vestibular system pathology is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Our study investigates the changes in the perception of verticality in patients with BPPV compared to the healthy population. Therapeutic positional maneuvers are used to treat BPPV. Using the positional maneuver, the otoconia are relocated from the semicircular canals back to the utricle. This thesis investigates the effect of therapeutic maneuver on the change in the perception of verticality. The theoretical part discusses the perception of verticality, types of verticality, pathology in the perception of verticality and the possibilities of its measurement. Most of the focus is on the description of subjective visual verticality (SVV). It also describes the vestibular system and discusses the BPPV. In the practical part, a set of ten patients and a control group are presented. Using statistical data processing, the result is to answer the hypotheses whether there is a difference in the perception of verticality between patients with BPPV and healthy subjects. It also addresses the question of whether the therapeutic maneuver will affect the perception of verticality in patients with BPPV. Verticality was measured...
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