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Household power stations - accessibility and economic viability of technologies for household electricity generation in family houses in CR
Zlonický, Jan ; Weinzettel, Jan (advisor) ; Knápek, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis focuses on the question whether it is economically viable to operate a system for household electricity production and if so, what are the necessary conditions to do so. In the text of this thesis a brief summary of environmental protection and sustainable development is presented, followed by the description and current state of technologies needed to construct systems for electricity production in the scale of family houses with focus on photovoltaic systems, and a description of the current legislation and administrative barriers related to this subject. Economic view (costs and return of investment) is examined in relation to multiple conditions, focus of this examination being on the geographical conditions, legislation and administrative conditions, state subsidies, electricity production and consumption profiles in the household and electricity price development scenarios. Technologies for household electricity production are therefore put into the context relevant to the citizens of the Czech Republic. The results of this work show, that the systems for photovoltaic electricity production in family houses in the conditions of the Czech Republic are economically viable with the premise that the surpluses of electricity produced are effectively consumed, for example for water...
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Princip nákladové přiměřenosti v právních předpisech EU v oblasti životního prostředí: ponaučení z implementace ochrany vod a ovzduší
Brabec, Jan ; Jílková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Knápek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Slavíková, Lenka (referee)
Environmental legislation in the European Union recognizes the principle of proportionality as a tool that helps identify cases that require spending of disproportionate resources to achieve environmental targets. If economic costs of achieving a certain target are significantly higher than associated benefits, an exemption may be granted to prevent wasting resources on measures with only a negligible effect on the environment. The principle is well established in water protection by means of the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) and in air protection through the Industrial Emissions Directive (2010/75/EU). In theory, such setting should ensure more efficient and robust water and air protection. However, with no unified methodology and a high level of discretion given to individual member states, the process of assessing proportionality has become very heterogenous. As a result, methodologies used across Europe often differ from each other significantly, possibly distorting the original idea of equal treatment of European water bodies and sources of air pollution. The goal of this thesis is to determine whether the use of the proportionality principle in water and air protection contributes to more efficient environmental protection in the EU and whether the principle is used consistently in...
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Three essays in energy and environmental economics
Rečka, Lukáš ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Knápek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Van Koten, Silvester (referee) ; Muchapondwa, Edwin (referee)
Three Essays in Energy and Environmental Economics Author: Mgr. Lukáš Rečka Supervisor: Mgr. Milan Ščasný, Ph.D. Academic Year: 2018/2019 Abstract This thesis consists of three articles that share the main theme - energy and environment. The dissertation aims mainly at the Czech energy system and analyses it development after the Velvet Revolution and its possible future development. The first article applies Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index decomposition to analyses the main driving forces of significant reduction in air quality pollutants during the transition of the Czech economy towards market economy in the 1990s. It continues then to investigate how the driving forces affected the emissions volumes during succeeding the post-transition period up to 2016. The second article reacts on the 2015 governmental decision to lift brown coal mining limits in the North Bohemia coal basin. The paper analyses the impacts of maintaining the ban on mining coal reserves and compares them with three alternative options that would each weaken the environmental protections of the ban. The impacts of each of these alternative governmental propostions are analysed on the Czech energy system, the fuel- and the technology-mix, the costs of generating energy, related emissions and external costs associated with the emissions....
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Three Essays on Electricity Markets
Luňáčková, Petra ; Janda, Karel (advisor) ; Tashpulatov, Sherzod (referee) ; Knápek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Möst, Dominik (referee)
DISSERTATION - Abstract in English Three Essays on Electricity Markets Author: PhDr. Petra Luňáčková Academic Year: 2017/2018 This thesis consists of three papers that share the main theme - energy. The articles introduce characteristics and behavior of electricity focusing on its unique properties. The dissertation aims at the Czech electricity market and analyzes also highly discussed solar power plants. The first article studies long term memory properties of electricity spot prices through the detrended fluctuation analysis, as electricity prices are dominated by cycles. We conclude that Czech electricity prices are strongly mean reverting yet non-stationary. The second part of the dissertation investigates possible asymmetry in the gas - oil prices adjustment. Oil prices determine the price of electricity during the times of peak demand, as the reaction of power plants fueled by oil is quick but marginal costs are high. We chose the gasoline - crude oil relationship known as "rockets and feathers" effect and offer two new tests to analyze such type of relationship as we believe that error correction model is not the most suitable tool. Analyzing international dataset we do not find statistically significant asymmetry. The third study assesses the impact of renewable energy sources, solar plants in...
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Household power stations - accessibility and economic viability of technologies for household electricity generation in family houses in CR
Zlonický, Jan ; Weinzettel, Jan (advisor) ; Knápek, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis focuses on the question whether it is economically viable to operate a system for household electricity production and if so, what are the necessary conditions to do so. In the text of this thesis a brief summary of environmental protection and sustainable development is presented, followed by the description and current state of technologies needed to construct systems for electricity production in the scale of family houses with focus on photovoltaic systems, and a description of the current legislation and administrative barriers related to this subject. Economic view (costs and return of investment) is examined in relation to multiple conditions, focus of this examination being on the geographical conditions, legislation and administrative conditions, state subsidies, electricity production and consumption profiles in the household and electricity price development scenarios. Technologies for household electricity production are therefore put into the context relevant to the citizens of the Czech Republic. The results of this work show, that the systems for photovoltaic electricity production in family houses in the conditions of the Czech Republic are economically viable with the premise that the surpluses of electricity produced are effectively consumed, for example for water...
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Economics of nuclear fuel cycle at NPP Temelin
Kovač, Michal ; Vojáček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Knápek, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis is focused to the economic analysis of the nuclear fuel strategy change at nuclear power plant Temelin, where the change to 18 months fuel cycle is considered. The introduction of theses is aimed to the identification of direct economic aspects for the financial analysis. Nuclear fuel strategy change affects operation of power plant as a whole and affects production of spent nuclear fuel. Therefore the economic analysis is needed for include all social costs of the change. The conclusion of thesis is aimed to the risk analysis of the nuclear fuel strategy change. Risk analysis is performed by Monte Carlo simulation.
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Efektivnost veřejných výdajů na ochranu životního prostředí
Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, Institut pro ekonomickou a ekologickou politiku při FNH, Praha ; Tošovská, Eva ; Šumpíková, Markéta ; Sojková, Dagmar ; Slavík, Jan ; Prušvic, David ; Pavel, Jan ; Moravec, Jiří ; Knápek, Jaroslav ; Jílková, Jiřina ; Čamrová, Lenka ; Assenza, Dora ; Brůha, Jan
Řešení projektu bylo rozděleno do šesti dílčích modulů. V rámci prvního bylo přikročeno k ujasnění používaných pojmů a ke zpracování přehledu přístupů k hodnocení efektivnosti veřejných výdajů na ochranu životního prostředí v zahraničí a mezinárodních institucích. Druhý modul se zaměřil na popis a analýzu současného stavu v této oblasti v ČR. V rámci třetího modulu byla vytvořena obecná metodika, která byla v následujícím modulu podrobena testování ve formě případových studií. Pátý modul se zaměřil na hodnocení efektivnosti veřejných výdajů na ochranu životního prostředí ve vybraném regionu. Závěrečný, šestý modul, pak představoval syntézu získaných poznatků a vyvození patřičných politicko-hospodářských doporučení. Hlavním výstupem projektu je návrh obecné metodiky hodnocení efektivnosti veřejných výdajů, která je koncipována jako sada otázek, a kterou lze, při její obecné aplikaci na všechny existující i budoucí veřejné výdajové programy, používat s dílčími omezeními jak pro účely ex-post, tak i ex-ante evaluací.
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Competition policy of the European Union and climate and energy package
Vondrušková, Barbora ; Němcová, Ingeborg (advisor) ; Vošta, Milan (referee) ; Knápek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zámyslický, Pavel (referee)
The focus of the dissertation is based on the previous research of a relatively new field of environmental governance posed by climate change policy. The implementation of the climate change policy in Europe is then a subject to the discussion over the consistency of that policy with one of the fundamental goals of European integration. That goal is building an internal market as well as ensuring fair competition in such a market. The interaction of these two areas is a key objective of this research work. Given the complexity of the topic, the dissertation, for sake of clarity, is defined more narrowly. On one hand, the thesis provides with an analysis of European climate policy and its main instruments for regulating carbon emissions in the European economy - the European Union emission trading system (EU ETS). On the other hand, the thesis also provides with a description of the European competition policy. The reason is, as mentioned above, that the competition policy is a fundamental policy that guarantees the consistency of the implementation of environmental policies with the building of the internal market. The author analysed in the thesis basic measures implemented within the framework of those with the aim to prove out whether both policies are in mutual accord and whether they do function under the real terms. Based on the results achieved, the author can make following conclusions: The EU ETS mechanism decided for the European Union proved out to be a cost-efficient choice of emission reduction, despite of some temporary weakness that it has. Also, it can be concluded, that the allocation method is the ultimate criterion that determines both the efficiency of the climate action in Europe as well as its compliance with the competition policy. Stemming from that conclusion, there has been some strong evidence given that grandfathering has not been always in line with the state aid rules existing now in the environment protection. Last but not least, the optional use of the Article 10c of the Directive 2003/87/EC seems to be, from what one can say now, fully in line with the state aid rules valid in the European Union. However, further research in this field might be of very use in the future.
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