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ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN-GERMAN TRADE RELATIONS IN 1933 - 1945
Wachal, Viliam ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with mutual trade between the United States of America and the Third Reich during the years 1933 - 1945 and analyzes the influence of American companies that had their branches or other business interests in Germany during Nazism. The thesis analyzes the international trade and its development between both states in the pre-war period as well as international trade during the war. Thesis deals with the contribution of American companies to the German war economy and analyzes their influence and behavior change after the outbreak of war. The hypothesis on the reduction of business co-operation with the on-going war at state level has been confirmed, just as hypothesis of continuing the cooperation of American firms after the outbreak of war.
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An Analysis of Contribution of the USA to the Economic Collapse of the Soviet Union
Vaneeva, Viktoria ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Máslo, Lukáš (referee)
In the given thesis some of the internal factors and especially external factors of the economic collapse of the Soviet Union are analysed. The external factors are represented as part of the anti-communist strategy of the United States in the 1980s. The strategy consisted of concrete economic sanctions and policies imposed by President Reagan and his administration in order to deteriorate the condition of the Soviet economy during the 1980s. Each of the steps against communist regime undertaken by the US is described and its impact on the Soviet economy is analysed. For example: the economic sanctions on the USSR after its invasion of Afghanistan in 1979; the increased military expenditures in the US in order to exhaust the Soviet economy in the arms race; the announced Strategic Defense Initiative; the secret negotiations between Reagan and the King of Saudi Arabia on reduction of oil prices in 1985; the US embargo on technology exports to the Soviet Union. The results of the research prove that strategy of President Reagan for economic destruction of communism contributed to the Soviet collapse in 1991.
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Socio and Economic impacts of Hyperinflation on the Economy of the Weimar Republic
Labuda, Filip ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
In my bachelor thesis I am focusing on the socio and economic impacts of hyperinflation on the economy of the Weimar Republic. In first chapters I am dealing with the analysis of long-term and short-term causes which led to hyperinflation. I am also taking into account German economic theory, manner of financing of the war in Germany and furthermore I am concentrating on the question of war indemnities and crisis in the Ruhr area. In the followingchapters I am dealing with the progress of hyperinflation and her economic, social and also political impacts. My aim is to confirm the hypothesis, in which I argue that hyperinflation had negative impact on economic and social situation inside the Weimar Republic. Thesis contributes to provide view of impacts of hyperinflation on German society in the year.
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Working conditions in Czechoslovakia between 1945 and 1953
Kramář, Pavel ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
Bachelor thesis depicts the development of working conditions and employment policy in the period 1945 - 1953 with regard to the economic and political changes which were made during the building of the welfare state. Due to the availability and the necessary quantity of the resources my research is focused on working conditions in the heavy industry. The thesis includes important legal norms which were introduced for the distribution of labor during the period of the Third Republic and the following totalitarian regime. Their comparison shows that during the period of the totalitarian regime there was a significant tightening of labor legislation. The contribution of the thesis is the analysis of the effectiveness of the employment policy in the individual regimes, which is done by comparing the objectives and actual results of the two-year and the first five-year plan. Through research, it was found that the transition to the totalitarian regime has made employment policy more effective, but with a fundamental limitation of the individual rights and freedoms.
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The Introduction of Medicare and Medicaid Programs and First Experiences with Their Functioning (untill 1967)
Křivánek, Jan ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the introduction of Medicare and Medicaid programs and examines their functioning in 1966 and 1967. It summarizes the historical development of American health care until 1965 and notes the possible causes leading to the emergence of their specific market based healthcare. It shows a different view on healthcare solutions from representatives of the Republican and the Democratic parties. Detailed analysis of individual programs shows their shortcomings and possible problems. A key part of the thesis is the analysis of empirical data from 1964 to 1967. This part confirms the main hypothesis about the impossibility of self-financing in the first years of its operation. The charts illustrate the need for reform and the percentage changes in different types of healthcare costs. At the same time, it also points to the marginal cost of the programs in the context of the entire federal budget. It also shows the introduction of Medicare and Medicaid as a turning point and a starting point for the rise in total health spending in the US.
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Economic Policy in the USA and Germany 1933–1939
Johnson, Zdenka ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee) ; Slaný, Antonín (referee)
The dissertation provides an analysis, evaluation, and comparison of selected areas of economic policy in the United States of America and Germany from 1933 to 1939 within the context of the 1920s, the Great Depression, and the Second World War. Based on a thorough analysis of the determined objectives, tools, the intended and unintended impacts of their fiscal policies, monetary policies, and foreign-trade policies, the dissertation thesis aims to verify the basic hypothesis that the United States and German economic policies were largely similar as responding to similar issues that both advanced economies had to face. During the verification process, the author relies mainly on the genuine processing and analysis of original statistical sources. In the individual chapters of the dissertation both identical, and also different features in selected types of economic policies are presented. On the basis of a comparison of the main economic-policies trends, despite some differences in the partial characteristics of chosen economic policy types, it can be concluded that economic policies of the central governments of Germany and the United States of America were similar in surprisingly many respects.
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Defense expenditures financing of the United States of America during World War II
Jurák, Marek ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the financing of war expenditures of the United States of America during Second World War. Thesis starts with a theoretical introduction to fiscal policy which is widely contained throughout the whole thesis. Followed with brief introduction to the economic history of the USA. Beginning with the Roaring Twenties ended by the Great Depression followed with politics of New Deal. The second part introduces the principles of war economy and the instruments which goverment use to affect and finance the economy. Goals of this thesis are to analyze these instruments and find out to what extent were used. The subject of analysis is especially funding through taxation which took a large part of the war financing, but not the majority. Results of this paper indicate that the most of the defense expenditures were financed through debt, mostly by borrowing from the public through purchased war bonds.
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Comparison of the use of neo liberal concepts of economic policies of Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan
Rážková, Michaela ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of this work is to answer questions of effectiveness in controlling inflation, changes in unemployment rate, reduce government spendings, deregulation and decentralization in both countries, confirm or refute theoretical assumptions of Laffer´s curve on the example of consequence of tax cuts in United States of America, privatization and the implications of the fight with the unions in Great Britain and the overall effect of the implementation of neoliberal concepts in both countries. This work compares the implementation and impact of neoliberal concepts of economic policy in the UK and in the United States and it provides insight into the effectiveness of the chosen means.
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Smoot - Hawley tariff and its effects on economy of The United States
Šimo, Dávid ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on effects of Smoot-Hawley tariff in The United States of America, during 1930. Specifically, the thesis focuses on the analysis of the tariff's effects to process of The Great Depression and is trying to answer the question if the tariff made The Depression worse. In the first part, there is described economic situation in the United States before the tariff passed and then there is described way, how the tariff was passed. The next part is divided into three chapters, and every single one of them analyze effects of the tariff from different sight of view, which is change of farmer's and producer's situation, monetary effects and effects of the tariff to world trade. The thesis analyzes these effects on process of the Great Depression in The United States. Conclusion of the thesis is the statement that Smoot-Hawley tariff made an effect on The Great Depression, mainly by his effects on world trade, which was lower because of the tariff and it was a break to recovery from recession.
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The Effects of the New Deal on the social status of Afro-Americans in selected sectors of the US economy
Schwammenhöfer, Tomáš ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the effects of the New Deal legislation on Afro-Americans in the 1930s. Specifically, the thesis analytically focuses on the influence of various politician of this program on their social environment within the US economy. For the ease of understanding of whole issue is needed to know the situation of Afro-Americans in the previous decade as well as in the Great Depression. That is the content of the first two chapters. Subsequently there is the outline of the situation leading to the election of F. D. Roosevelt, US President. The last and as well the most important chapter of the whole thesis is devoted to analysis of individual programs and their impact on Afro-Americans. It concludes that the New Deal had both positive and negative influence on this minority, depending on the economic sector and the relevant administration. New Deal generally meant a huge progress in their economic and political affairs.
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