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Isolation of biologically active alkaloids from Papaver rhoeas with the use of separation methods
Češpivová, Barbora ; Jenčo, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šafratová, Marcela (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of pharmacognosy and pharmaceutical botany Candidate: Barbora Češpivová Supervisor: RNDr. Jaroslav Jenčo, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Isolation of biologically active alkaloids from Papaver rhoeas with the use of separation methods Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline. This thesis focuses on the isolation of alkaloids from Papaver rhoeas L. as potential drugs for this disease. Isolating new substances in this area is significant due to the current inability to fully cure the patient through therapy, but rather only to positively influence the disease by delaying its severe stages. A phytochemical study was conducted on an alkaloid extract obtained from the aerial parts and immature capsules of Papaver rhoeas L. Based on biological testing of inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), the fraction exhibiting the highest activity against BuChE, which had not been previously explored, was selected for the isolation of active compounds. This fraction was identified as PPR Fr-B and contained compounds PPR-9 and PPR-10. From the PPR Fr-B fraction, two aporphine-type alkaloids were isolated using separation...
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Analysis of selected nutraceuticals by liquid chromatography
Ibrahim, Laureen Reda Youssef ; Jenčo, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
39 ABSTRACT Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Laureen Reda Youssef Ibrahim Supervisor: RNDr. Jaroslav Jenčo, Ph.D. Title of dissertation thesis: Analysis of selected nutraceuticals by liquid chromatography The extract obtained pellets of Humulus Lupulus L. var Columbus was subjected to a phytochemical study and isolation of its bitter acid constituents. The summary extract was separated into individual fractions by liquid-liquid extraction. After performing HPTLC, GC-MS, and LC-MS analysis, the fraction HL-Hex B was selected and purified further by preparative chromatography. A monocomponent pale yellow solid substance of lupulone was obtained after the final preparative separation. Based on instrumental analysis by reversed phase HPLC with core-shell particles, the analyte was compared to the extract of dietary supplement HopsVital where the presence of bitter acids in the supplement was shown. Key words: nutraceuticals, high performance liquid chromatography, sample preparation, modern stationary phases
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Phytochemical studies of potential phytopharmaceuticals using separation methods
Dulendarova, Elizabeta Hristiyanova ; Jenčo, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Křoustková, Jana (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Elizabeta Hristiyanova Dulendarova Supervisor: RNDr. Jaroslav Jenčo, Ph.D. Title of dissertation thesis: Phytochemical Studies of Potential Phytopharmaceuticals using Separation Methods The main aim of this diploma thesis was the identification of main alkaloidal components from the fraction of Papaver rhoeas L. (family Papaveraceae) alkaloidal extract - fraction PR-12-23. The introduction to the theoretical part summarizes alkaloids found in Papaver rhoeas L. and describes the separation methods used in the isolation process at the department of Phamacognosy and Pharmaceutical botany. Two main compounds within the extract were identified and separated based on HPTLC, HPLC-MS, and GC-MS chromatographic separation methods. For the subsequent fractions, the HPLC method development, optimization, and scaling up from analytical to preparative scale was done. After identification with the help of analytical HPLC and GC, the compounds were separated into fractions, isolated using preparative HPLC, and identified using NMR. The purified isolates were tested for anti-butyrylcholinesterase and cytotoxic biological activity, linked to AD and cancer, respectively. The first...
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Interactions of reduced and oxidized glutathione with copper, iron and zinc
Júnová, Ingrid ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Jenčo, Jaroslav (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Ingrid Salanciová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Interactions of reduced and oxidized glutathione with copper, iron and zinc Copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are important trace elements that are necessary for proper function of the body. Excess but also the lack of these metals may lead to pathological conditions. Glutathione is the main antioxidant in the human body so it is expected to protect the organism against concequences of metal excess. Glutathione occurs in the reduced (GSH) and oxidized state as glutathione disulfide (GSSG) in the organism, both states forming an important redox system. On the other hand, glutathione can reduce these metals so that could participate in the formation of free radicals (metal based Fenton reaction). In this diploma thesis, was tested the ability of reduced and oxidized glutathione to interact with Fe, Cu and Zn in various (patho) physiological pH conditions was tested by using in vitro spectrophotometric competitive methods. Interactions include not only the chelation of Cu, Fe and Zn ions, but also their reductive activity toward Cu2+ and Fe3+ cations. Hematoxylin, bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt, ferrozine...
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Indole alkaloids and their biological aktivity: genus Banisteriopsis
Nieslaniková, Karolina ; Šafratová, Marcela (advisor) ; Jenčo, Jaroslav (referee)
Author: Karolina Nieslaniková Name: Indole alkaloids and their biological activity: genus Banisteriopsis Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany 2022, 69 p. Key words: Banisteriopsis, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOi), Parkinson's disease, antidepressant activity, β- carbolines, harmine The aim of this research diploma thesis was to summarize all known information about indole alkaloids isolated from plants of the genus Banisteriopsis. Phytochemically important species of the genus Banisteriopsis were processed with an overview of botanical and phytochemical characteristics. Also in this thesis you can find an overview of alkaloids isolated from these plants and description of their biological activities. 10 plant species of the genus Banisteriopsis were processed phytochemically and botanically and there where identified a total of 14 alkaloids and 2 alkaloid glycosides. These alkaloids are divided into two groups: β-carbolines and tryptamines. The most important group of alkaloids in the genus Banisteriopsis consists of harmala alkaloids with neuroprotective, antidepressant, antitumor, antiadictive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiplatelet and antidiabetic activity. Their...
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Determination of biochemical parameters and their diagnostic and prognostic value in sepsis
Jenčo, Jaroslav ; Dršata, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Boušová, Iva (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Jaroslav Jenčo Supervisor: prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Dršata, CSc. Consultant: Ing. Jana Netriová, PhD. Title of diploma thesis: Determination of biochemical parameters and their diagnostic and prognostic value in sepsis Sepsis is a relatively common complication that may be signed by the increased mortality of patients. It affects all ages, regardless of gender. Occurrence is more frequent in polymorbid and immunosuppressed patients. The most effective method to prevent the development of septic complications is quick and accurate diagnosis. In the period from 1.6.2012 to 01.4.2014, we observed 697 patients hospitalized due to the development of septic complications and we analyzed statistically tracked markers: presepsin, procalcitonin, C - reactive protein, interleukin - 6, lactate, D - dimer, fibrinogen and quantity of leukocytes to determine their predictive and diagnostic value. Largest correlation was observed between comparison of presepsin with procalcitonin and presepsin with C - reactive protein, which reflected rapidly changing status of patients. Moderate correlation was observed in lactate, interleukin - 6, D - dimer concentration and leukocyte count. Between the development...
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The use of separation techniques in phytochemical analysis
Víchová, Simona ; Jenčo, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Chlebek, Jakub (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Simona Víchová Supervisor: RNDr. Jaroslav Jenčo, Ph.D. Title of dissertation thesis: The use of separation techniques in phytochemical analysis The alkaloid extract obtained from stems with immature capsules from Papaver rhoeas L. was subjected to a phytochemical study. The summary extract was separated into individual fractions by Flash chromatography. After performing biological tests for inhibitory activities of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, the fraction PPR-11 and PPR-12 was selected. The fraction showed the highest activity against butyrylcholinesterase (95.55 ± 0.96 and 97.03 ± 0.79% inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase at 50 /g / ml). The combined PPR 11-12 fractions were purified by preparative chromatography to individual subfractions, which were purified by preparative thin layer chromatography. A monocomponent crystalline substance of alkaloid origin was obtained from the subfraction named PPR 11-12Fr # 8-A. Based on instrumental analysis, the analyte was identified as an alkaloid of the aporphine type (+)-caaverine. The inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase for (+)-caaverine, were determined and compared with...
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Development and optimization of chromatographic methods suitable for clinical application
Jenčo, Jaroslav ; Solich, Petr (advisor) ; Hroboňová, Katarína (referee) ; Šatínský, Dalibor (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate: Mgr. Jaroslav Jenčo Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Petr Solich, CSc. Consultant: doc. RNDr. Lenka Kujovská Krčmová, Ph.D. Title of dissertation thesis: Development and optimization of chromatographic methods suitable for clinical application The presented dissertation thesis is divided into several parts, copying the workplaces, which I gradually worked on. The unifying element is the development and optimization of methods for the preparation of samples of biologically active substances and their subsequent analysis using separation methods. The theoretical part characterizes the target substances, from a biochemical, physicochemical, and analytical point of view. It describes the basic characteristics of extraction procedures and presents an overview of the methods used to determine the substances described in the thesis. In the first, main experimental part, of the dissertation thesis the development, optimization, and validation of an analytical method for chromatographic analysis of vitamin B1, its biologically active forms and the active form of vitamin B6 in blood is described. It illustrates the selection of sample preparation techniques, the optimization of the target methodology...
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Development and optimization of chromatographic methods suitable for clinical application
Jenčo, Jaroslav ; Solich, Petr (advisor) ; Hroboňová, Katarína (referee) ; Šatínský, Dalibor (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate: Mgr. Jaroslav Jenčo Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Petr Solich, CSc. Consultant: doc. RNDr. Lenka Kujovská Krčmová, Ph.D. Title of dissertation thesis: Development and optimization of chromatographic methods suitable for clinical application The presented dissertation thesis is divided into several parts, copying the workplaces, which I gradually worked on. The unifying element is the development and optimization of methods for the preparation of samples of biologically active substances and their subsequent analysis using separation methods. The theoretical part characterizes the target substances, from a biochemical, physicochemical, and analytical point of view. It describes the basic characteristics of extraction procedures and presents an overview of the methods used to determine the substances described in the thesis. In the first, main experimental part, of the dissertation thesis the development, optimization, and validation of an analytical method for chromatographic analysis of vitamin B1, its biologically active forms and the active form of vitamin B6 in blood is described. It illustrates the selection of sample preparation techniques, the optimization of the target methodology...
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Interactions of reduced and oxidized glutathione with copper, iron and zinc
Salanciová, Ingrid ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Jenčo, Jaroslav (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Ingrid Salanciová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Interactions of reduced and oxidized glutathione with copper, iron and zinc Copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are important trace elements that are necessary for proper function of the body. Excess but also the lack of these metals may lead to pathological conditions. Glutathione is the main antioxidant in the human body so it is expected to protect the organism against concequences of metal excess. Glutathione occurs in the reduced (GSH) and oxidized state as glutathione disulfide (GSSG) in the organism, both states forming an important redox system. On the other hand, glutathione can reduce these metals so that could participate in the formation of free radicals (metal based Fenton reaction). In this diploma thesis, was tested the ability of reduced and oxidized glutathione to interact with Fe, Cu and Zn in various (patho) physiological pH conditions was tested by using in vitro spectrophotometric competitive methods. Interactions include not only the chelation of Cu, Fe and Zn ions, but also their reductive activity toward Cu2+ and Fe3+ cations. Hematoxylin, bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt, ferrozine...
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