National Repository of Grey Literature 13 records found  1 - 10next  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Effect of weight prostheses upper and lower limbs on postural stability and locomotion
Krawczyk, Petr ; Mařík, Ivo (advisor) ; Petrtýl, Miroslav (referee) ; Janura, Miroslav (referee)
Effect of lower limb prosthesis weight on postural stability and locomotion Abstract Introduction Walking is the basic locomotor activity of humans. In persons with TTA, changes in biomechanical parameters of gait occur due to the different characteristics of the healthy limb and the prosthetic limb. The gait stereotype may be influenced by the length of the prosthesis, the type of prosthetic foot, or the overall alignment of the prosthesis, as well as the weight of the prosthesis. Previous studies have verified that persons with TTA transfer the load from the affected limb to the healthy limb more quickly, thus "saving" the prosthetic limb. At the same time, a relationship between the adduction moment in the knee joint of the unaffected limb that induces shear stress and the risk of gonarthrosis has been described. Objectives of the study The first aim of this study was to determine the weight of the amputated limb (amputate) accurately and at the same time to compare the difference of the results of anthropometric methods against the DXA method, which is an accurate methodology for obtaining data on human body composition. In terms of the use of DXA measurements to determine the weight of the amputee, this was a pilot study. The second and main aim of the research was to assess whether the course of...
Kinematic analysis of locomotor system in persons with abnormal position of the hip joint.
Zahradník, Petr ; Kolář, Pavel (advisor) ; Janura, Miroslav (referee) ; Havlas, Vojtěch (referee)
Femoroacerabular impingement (FAI) syndrome is a hip joint impairment, which occurs frequently as a result of repeated overloading of the joint in combination with the imperfect orientation of the articulating surfaces. Therefore, it does not respect the biomechanically optimal position of the joint. Currently, many experts consider FAI as an important factor contributing to hip degeneration with the subsequent coxarthrosis. In our research, we evaluated how the FAI translates into normal walking. We used 3D kinematic motion analysis as an objectivization method. Objective: The study aimed to objectify changes in basic walk parameters, lower limb joint and pelvic movements in normal walking in people with FAI using 3D kinematic analysis and to compare the results with a group of healthy people. Sample: 21 patients (7 females, 14 males) were selected for the study with the confirmed FAI by clinical examination and X-ray. The control group consisted of 18 healthy probands (8 females, 10 males) in whom the hip joint morphology by MRI was excluded. Methods: All probands underwent walking examination using 3D kinematic motion analysis using the Qaulisys system. Data were processed by the Qualisys Track Manager and the Visual3D software. The subject of the examination was the basic walk parameters, ankle...
The relationship between postural stability and physical activities
Gryc, Tomáš ; Zahálka, František (advisor) ; Janura, Miroslav (referee)
In the study "The relationship between postural stability and physical activities", we focused on determining the level of postural stability and the possibility of influencing by appropriate means of exercise intervention in people with increased physical activity and persons with physical limitations. Persons with increased physical activity were top players and players competing in various sports (football, handball, volleyball, golf) and those with physical limitations, patients suffering from diseases that have a negative impact on postural stability (Friedrich's ataxia, autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia, Charlot-Marie- Tooth). Upright posture in stance and movement is a fundamental prerequisite for human bipedal locomotion. Postural stability is the ability to maintain an upright posture, which advises the motor and coordination skills, and its meaning is close to equilibrium abilities. Maintaining an upright posture is ensured by muscle activity, which is controlled by the central nervous system based on information from internal and external environment. Control of postural stability is the primary prerequisite for successful movement and as such it can be developed on the basis of appropriate physical activities. All methods of measuring static and dynamic postural stability can be...
Assessment of selected aspects of postural control in transtibialamputees
Kolářová, Barbora ; Janura, Miroslav (advisor) ; Véle, František (referee)
ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED ASPECTS OF POSTURAL CONTROL IN TRANSTIBIAL AMPUTEES Abstract The aim of our study was to evaluate aspects of automatic and voluntary posture control in transtibial amputees with respect to cause of amputation, prosthesis alignment and prosthetic usage duration by means of dynamic computed posturography (NeuroCom® ). A total of 44 volunteers participated in our study (14 transtibial amputees due to trauma, 13 vascular transtibial amputees and 17 healthy subjects). Our results suggest, that transtibial amputees due to trauma have more similar posture behaviour with healthy subjects in compare to vascular amputees. Transtibial amputees due to trauma are able to effectively coordinate voluntary inclination of body on the side of amputated leg. Also the older traumatic amputees were, the worse they could control their posture - same as healthy subjects. Despite the fact that traumatic amputees were able to voluntary coordinate posture even on the side of amputated leg, within automatic posture reactions (on platform translations) they bore more weight on their non-amputated leg. In vascular amputees this tendency was not present. Tested prosthetic alignments didn't have significant influence on the posture control in transtibial amputees. Keywords: Lower limb amputation, posture control,...
The relationship between postural stability and physical activities
Gryc, Tomáš ; Zahálka, František (advisor) ; Janura, Miroslav (referee) ; Vavák, Miroslav (referee)
In the study "The relationship between postural stability and physical activities", we focused on determining the level of postural stability and the possibility of influencing by appropriate means of exercise intervention in people with increased physical activity and persons with physical limitations. Persons with increased physical activity were top players and players competing in various sports (football, handball, volleyball, golf) and those with physical limitations, patients suffering from diseases that have a negative impact on postural stability (Friedrich's ataxia, autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia, Charlot-Marie- Tooth). Upright posture in stance and movement is a fundamental prerequisite for human bipedal locomotion. Postural stability is the ability to maintain an upright posture, which advises the motor and coordination skills, and its meaning is close to equilibrium abilities. Maintaining an upright posture is ensured by muscle activity, which is controlled by the central nervous system based on information from internal and external environment. Control of postural stability is the primary prerequisite for successful movement and as such it can be developed on the basis of appropriate physical activities. All methods of measuring static and dynamic postural stability can be...
Evaluation of the throwing motion in softball using surface electromyography and 2D and 3D kinematics analysis
Pravečková, Petra ; Süss, Vladimír (advisor) ; Bunc, Václav (referee) ; Janura, Miroslav (referee)
Headline: Evaluation of the throwing motion in softball using surface electromyography and 2D and 3D kinematics analysis Aim of the Thesis: To point out differences in the internal structure of various overhead throws (throwing motion in softball and in track & field (javelin), two-hand overhead throwing of a medicine ball). To describe these differences using surface electromyography and to find the cause thereof based on 2D and 3D kinematics analysis. Methods: Surface EMG measurement in combination with 2D and 3D kinematics analysis (using synchronized video recordings). Results: The results indicate differences amongst the mechanics of the throwing motion in individual disciplines. The relative timing of two various throwing motions is different from the viewpoint of an intra-individual comparison, except for the "normal throwing motion" and javelin throw from the spot, which have the same relative timing. The relative timing is different for other various throwing motions. With the use of 2D and 3D kinematics analysis, it is possible to find the causes of the differences in the internal structure of the measured throwing motions. From an intra-individual viewpoint, the relative timing of a single type of throwing motion does not change within the group of overhead throwingmotions. Key words:...
Influence of gait in high heels on posture, and division of pressure on the contact area of the feet and tne floor
Gajdoš, Miloslav ; Jandová, Soňa (advisor) ; Janura, Miroslav (referee) ; Šťastný, Petr (referee)
Title: Influence of gait in high heels on posture, and division of pressure on the contact area level of the feet and the floor. Objective: The aim of the dissertation was to confirm how walking in high-heeled shoes influences the time and pressure parameters of the step cycle and posture during slow and very slow walking in low experienced wearers. Methods: The research study was an empirical, comparative intra-individual study. Pedar-X® measuring inserts (Novel, Munich, Germany) were used to measure the distribution of plantar pressures and to evaluate time parameters while walking on a conveyor belt at v1 = 0.97 ms-1 and v2 = 0.56 ms-1 in straight shoes and high-heeled shoes. SonoSens Monitor Analyzer® (Gefremed, Chemnitz, Germany) was used to assess posture. The research group consisted of thirty healthy women wearing high-heeled shoes occasionally (age: 21.8 ± 2.09 years, weight: 55.7 ± 4.05 kg, height: 1.66 ± 0.03 m). Anova test and paired t-test were used for statistical analysis, and the Cohen coefficient d was used to calculate material significance. Results: Significant differences in time and plantar pressure variables were found when walking in high-heeled shoes compared to straight footwear. For both types of footwear, walking speed only affected time variables, but not dynamic...
Kinematic analysis of locomotor system in persons with abnormal position of the hip joint.
Zahradník, Petr ; Kolář, Pavel (advisor) ; Janura, Miroslav (referee)
Femoroacerabular impingement (FAI) syndrome is a hip joint impairment, which occurs frequently as a result of repeated overloading of the joint in combination with the imperfect orientation of the articulating surfaces. Therefore, it does not respect the biomechanically optimal position of the joint. Currently, many experts consider FAI as an important factor contributing to hip degeneration with the subsequent coxarthrosis. In our research, we evaluated how the FAI translates into normal walking. We used 3D kinematic motion analysis as an objectivization method. Objective: The study aimed to objectify changes in basic walk parameters, lower limb joint and pelvic movements in normal walking in people with FAI using 3D kinematic analysis and to compare the results with a group of healthy people. Sample: 21 patients (7 females, 14 males) were selected for the study with the confirmed FAI by clinical examination and X-ray. The control group consisted of 18 healthy probands (8 females, 10 males) in whom the hip joint morphology by MRI was excluded. Methods: All probands underwent walking examination using 3D kinematic motion analysis using the Qaulisys system. Data were processed by the Qualisys Track Manager and the Visual3D software. The subject of the examination was the basic walk parameters, ankle...
Kinematic analysis of locomotor system in persons with abnormal position of the hip joint.
Zahradník, Petr ; Kolář, Pavel (advisor) ; Janura, Miroslav (referee) ; Havlas, Vojtěch (referee)
Femoroacerabular impingement (FAI) syndrome is a hip joint impairment, which occurs frequently as a result of repeated overloading of the joint in combination with the imperfect orientation of the articulating surfaces. Therefore, it does not respect the biomechanically optimal position of the joint. Currently, many experts consider FAI as an important factor contributing to hip degeneration with the subsequent coxarthrosis. In our research, we evaluated how the FAI translates into normal walking. We used 3D kinematic motion analysis as an objectivization method. Objective: The study aimed to objectify changes in basic walk parameters, lower limb joint and pelvic movements in normal walking in people with FAI using 3D kinematic analysis and to compare the results with a group of healthy people. Sample: 21 patients (7 females, 14 males) were selected for the study with the confirmed FAI by clinical examination and X-ray. The control group consisted of 18 healthy probands (8 females, 10 males) in whom the hip joint morphology by MRI was excluded. Methods: All probands underwent walking examination using 3D kinematic motion analysis using the Qaulisys system. Data were processed by the Qualisys Track Manager and the Visual3D software. The subject of the examination was the basic walk parameters, ankle...
Influence of gait in high heels on posture, and division of pressure on the contact area of the feet and tne floor
Gajdoš, Miloslav ; Jandová, Soňa (advisor) ; Janura, Miroslav (referee) ; Šťastný, Petr (referee)
Title: Influence of gait in high heels on posture, and division of pressure on the contact area level of the feet and the floor Objective: The aim of the dissertation was to verify how walking in high-heeled shoes influences the time and pressure parameters of the step cycle and posture during slow and very slow walking in low experienced wearers. Methods: The research study was an empirical, comparative intra-individual study. Pedar-X® measuring inserts (Novel, Munich, Germany) were used to measure the distribution of plantar pressures and to evaluate time parameters while walking on a conveyor belt at v1 = 0.97 ms-1 and v2 = 0.56 ms-1 in straight shoes and high-heeled shoes. SonoSens Monitor Analyzer® (Gefremed, Chemnitz, Germany) was used to assess posture. The research group consisted of thirty healthy women wearing high-heeled shoes occasionally (age: 21.8 ± 2.09 years, weight: 55.7 ± 4.05 kg, height: 1.66 ± 0.03 m). Anova test and paired t-test were used for statistical analysis, and the Cohen coefficient d was used to calculate material significance. Results: Significant differences in time and plantar pressure variables were found when walking in high-heeled shoes compared to straight footwear. For both types of footwear, walking speed only affected time variables, but not dynamic...

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