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The use of IHC marker p16 in HPV lesions of the cervix
ILOVIČNÁ, Kristýna
HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. It mostly spreads by sexual way, less often orally, by contaminated fingers or by beddings. Another ways of transmission are from the mother to the fetus at birth or transplacentarly. It usually occurs in young women aged 20 to 25 years and approximately 80% of sexually active individuals have experience with it during their life. Human papillomavirus is an infectious agent associated with a specific type of human cancer and it occurs in 99,7 % of all cervical cancers. More than one hundred papillomaviruses have been identified so far, we can divided them into the lowrisk and the highrisk groups. One of the best possible ways to reduce the risk of a disease is to keep a sexual relationship with only one partner. But the partner can also be carrier of the infection without revealing any symptoms. Preventive measures also include regular gynecologycal examinations. The incidence of cervical cancer has significantly decreased in many developed countries, mainly due to cytological screening programmes. The disease could be detected in the early stages, when the possibilities of successful treatment are noticeably higher. There are three standard procedures in the treatment of cervical cancer - surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the practical part, I compare the positivity of the p16 marker between each histological groups by using light microscope NIKON Eclipse E400. The use of p16 immunohistochmically stained tissue improves total diagnostic accuracy. In this way 173 samples were examined at the Departement of Pathology Nemocnice Písek a.s. during years 2016 and 2017. We divided them, according to stage of severity, into 34 low-grade lesions and 139 highrisk lesions. 18 of the lowrisk lesions and 130 highgrade lesions expressed p16 positivity. Staining of remaining slides was negative.
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