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Compliance techniques as type of conformity
Jarošová, Kateřina ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
This thesis deals with conformity and compliance, respectively compliance techniques. Thesis is composed as a theoretical paper and is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter I explain what is conformity, how it arises and what affects it. In the second chapter I deal with researches which relate to the conformity. I mention so-called classic study of conformity. I focused especially on new areas of researches of conformity. In the third part I deal with various compliance techniques. We distinguish four compliance technique in social psychology - foot-in-the-door technique, face-in-the-door technique, low-ball technique and that's-not-all technique. The final part consists of a research proposal that I focused on two of these techniques - foot-in-the-door and face-in-the-door technique.
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The child's personality and beginning attending a nursery school
Zradičková Šafránková, Karla ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Šírová, Eva (referee)
The ability of autoregulation of an individual is a process which moderates coping with social demands. The transition from family environment to a nursery school, functioning in the interaction of various changes, can be considered one of such strong developmental challenges. Theoretical foundations of our research project consist of the concept of resilience based on social cognitive theory. Our probands were a group of 97 preschool children, beginning with attending a nursery school, incoming from the family environment. The data has been collected twice, in September and November. In our research, the data stem from two sources - teacher's observations, and a questionnaire method. As for observations, the areas of monitoring have been established in advance. The frequency and quality of behavioral expressions of children in the adaptation period were recorded by teachers utilizing observation sheets, which were created based on the study of literature on adaptation, and empiricism. Resilient factors are operationalized by initiative, self-regulation, and quality of relationships, measured by means of the DECA - P2 (Devereux Early Childhood Assessment for Preschoolers) questionnaire method. For the purposes of this research, it was transferred and converted into the Czech language from the...
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The forms of parents appraisal and their influence on self-efficacy of preschool child
Müllerová, Lucie ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The theoretical part of the thesis deals at first with the theoretical principles of self-efficacy. The subsequent part treats of the developmental characteristics of preschool stage with a view to connection with the parents appraisal. The final part aims at appraisal, in term of general approach to the child, in term of rewards and punishments and in term of the appraisal as a formalizing agent in the formation of the basics of self-efficacy. The empirical part presents a research on forms of mothers appraisal on children accomplishments and failures while performing a specific task. The quantitative analysis traces appearance of forms of appraisal and their influence on child selfefficacy. The qualitative part is focusing especially on mothers non-appraising reactions on children while performing a specific task.
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Coaching of athletes. A probe to using Grid method
Němečková, Zuzana ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Morgensternová, Monika (referee)
This thesis deals with the coaches' leadership styles. The theoretical part is focused on factors which influence cooperation between a coach and an athlete and it also outlines some of the well-known leadership theories. It analyzes the Leadership Grid® theory, because the questionnaire based on this theory is applied in the empirical part. The second empirical part applies both qualitative and quantitative methods. The aim of the study is to show how the particular leadership styles are exhibited in the sport domain and which style is the most frequent among coaches. In addition, various aspects are taken into account: type of sport, gender differences, differences of the leadership styles between successful and unsuccessful coaches and between managers and coaches. It can be concluded that there are statistically significant differences among different kinds of sport and between the leadership styles of managers and coaches. The most frequent style seems to be the 9,9 leadership style. Last but not least it was stressed that the leadership style is not the only factor affecting the leadership of a particular athlete.
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The Psychological Aspects of Navigation of the Blind
Franc, Jakub ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Macek, Tomáš (referee)
This dissertation thesis addresses the area of spatial navigation of the blind. The author theoretically deals with a complex interplay of psychological functions involved in spatial navigation with respect to the specific conditions of the blind. The empirical part of the thesis presents an experimental study in the population of the blind (N=44). This study focuses on effects of the stress recovery phase from shortly increased stress levels on the process of learning a new route. The experiment is placed in real-world settings and overcomes some of the methodological flaws typical for this research domain. The research evidence suggests that the recovery phase from shortly increased stress levels hinders the development of procedural knowledge of the route. However, this deterioration in route knowledge is not associated with the effects of the strsss phase itself, but affects only the recovery phase part of the route in which stress levels are returning to their original baseline levels (not necessarily the level of the resting conditions). Besides its theoretical conclusions, the value of the presented thesis is in its contribution to the advancements of research methods in the given field. The outcomes of this work are practically applicable to the development of navigation aids for the blind....
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Current attitude of adolescents towards motherhood and parenthood
Boučková, Jitka ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee)
knowledge on current attitudes of adolescent population towards motherhood and parenthood as it is, from my point of view, a very current and interesting topic. The theoretical part is focused in details on the evolutionary period of adolescence and its basic characteristics. The paper concentrates mainly on the socialization and influences that affect the formation of the personality and attitudes of an individual during the evolutionary process. I also paid attention to the general issue of creation and change of attitudes. I focused on the family, its function and importance for the development of the individual and on motherhood and parenthood, its biological and psychological aspects. The aim of my work was to monitor the current attitudes of adolescents towards motherhood and parenthood and point out factors that contribute to the formation of these attitudes. I focused on finding possible dependence between the attitude towards motherhood and parenthood and gender, the prevailing educational method in the family and different family backgrounds (complete, incomplete and integrated family).
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Influence of liberty in upbringing on self-efficacy at preschool children
Berthótyová, Júlia ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Šírová, Eva (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the influence of liberty in upbringing on self-efficacy and resilience at preschool children. The theoretical part introduces the general grounds of the theme - resilience. Basic terms are also defined. The following chapter (chapter one) presents selected theoretical concepts of resilience, actual researches and related characteristics of personality. The second chapter exposes the concept of self-efficacy created by Albert Bandura. In this construct some of the elements presented in the previous chapter are associated. It is also well applicable to upbringing practices. The concept of self-efficacy has been chosen to serve as a theoretical framework of this paper. Third chapter deals with selected topics of upbringing such as demands, styles, trends and liberty in upbringing. It is focused on how various upbringing actions can raise the self-efficacy and resilience. The empirical part maps over the background in kindergartens by means of both quantitative and qualitative research. The aim is to define which opportunities of increasing self-efficacy are provided in kindergartens, in comparison to the family milieu. We are interested in degree of liberty given in kindergartens and in families.
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Psychological pregnancy of foster parents
Svobodová, Aneta ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee)
The diploma thesis is concerned about the theme of psychological pregnancy of foster parents. The main focus of diploma thesis was map the motivation, expectations and experiences of future foster parents. The diploma thesis was divided to two main parts, theoretic part and practical part. The theoretic part reported summary of information about parenthood, alternative family care, experiences of pregnancy and experiences of expectation a child future foster parents. Practical part was concentrared on motivation and expectations of applicants foster parents. Qualitative research, method of interview was used. The results of diploma thesis could use experts of alternative family care, whoes are interested to specialized training for future foster parents. Key words pregnancy, parenthood, child, alternative family care, foster care, adoption, psychological parenthood, motivation, experience, identity, expectation, training
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Factors influencing adaptation of students living abroad
Frýzová, Hana ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Kopecký, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on mapping the factors which are influencing the adaptation of students while being on international study programs and observes effective methods of adaptation. The stress is put on clarifying the key definitions related to adaptation processes, naming and interpreting each of the factors influencing the adaptation in general. To better understand the possible adaptation factors, there are used in this work the results of questionnaires, which were distributed by the University of Lapland to foreigner students, who passed their study program at this university in the years 2002 2005 and 2006 2007. The comparison of these results is also included. Other part of this work presents the results of questionnaires distributed to foreigner students studying at Charles University in the academic year 2007 2008 and shows the comparison of these results with the results of questionnaires from the University of Lapland in the academic year 2006 2007. The comparison of the questionnaires also helps to clarify to what extent are the adaptation factors dependent upon the environment it self. The results of these investigations indicate that the ability to adapt can differ for each individual. The factors influencing the adaptation process seems to be for example the personality background of...
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Gender differences in communication and managerial skills
Šmardová, Monika ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Wagnerová, Irena (referee)
There exist a significant number of research works today analyzing gender differences from many different aspects. This paper deals with differences exhibited by men and women in the area of communication and managerial skills that are found by the Development Centre Method, where these differences are expressed by the style in which a person leads ones subordinates and by how an individual functions in a team. The theoretical part of the paper presents basic terms and principles of the gender issue. Furthermore, it looks at gender differences in communication and leadership styles. The aim of the undertaken research was to find out whether differences between men and women in communication and leadership styles exist in the following categories: dominance/directivness, goal-orientation, positive motivation, negative motivation, uncertainty. For the purpose of this analysis, both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The results did not prove a statistically significant difference between the two sexes in all the aforementioned categories, but only some of them.
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