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The Development of Concordat Law between 1964 and 2013
Gazárek, Jakub ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
The development of concordatarian law from the year 1964 onward The goal of this thesis is the analysis and comparisson of concordatarian law in few select countries. This thesis is mainly focused on the countries of Central Europe (Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Republic of Poland, Federal Republic of Germany). In order to expand the scope of this thesis, two other countries were chosen. The first one is the Kingdom of Spain, which represents a unique example of a gradual change between the so called traditional concordatarian system and the new and modern system developed after the conclusion of the Second Vatican Council. The second country, that was chosen is the Republic of Colombia as a non-European country with long and interesting history of concordatarian tradition. The thesis itself is divided into two main parts. The first part (composed of the first two chapters) aims to define the basic terms, which are used throughout the entire thesis. Such basic terms as concordat, the subjects of concordatarian agreements, the Holy See and others are defined in the first chapter. Also the international legal personality of the Holy See and its historical development is examined in the same chapter as well. The Second Vatican Council and its teachings had a profound impact on the concordatarian...
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Distributive justice in the health sector in the context of the rationalization of health care
Horák, Zdeněk ; Šustek, Petr (advisor) ; Salač, Josef (referee)
Distributive justice in the health sector in the context of the rationalization of health care This paper should briefly introduce the major principle of health service in the Czech Republic but also practised in most developed countries. Distributive justice is a system of accumulating and redistributing wealth in order to seek balance in society. In health sector it is most commonly associated with rationing i.e. distribution of limited and costly medical sources among those who are in need of medical care in a justifiable way. Not to be mistaken distributive justice with social justice even though there is a fine line between the two. The thesis is divided into fifteen chapters each describing certain aspect of distributive justice in the health sector or a related issue. Opening chapters are dedicated to theoretical, historical and philosophical overview; following part contains single elements of distributive justice both in general and in context of health care. Issues of medical standards and regulatory charges are discussed in subsequent chapters with regard to recent case law of the Constitutional court. In conclusion the problem of distributive justice in health care can be approached from two different points - communitarian and liberal. These issues are also political, philosophical and...
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A comparison of legal aspects of eugenics programs in the USA and Nazi Germany
Gregor, Adam ; Seltenreich, Radim (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
Resumé This thesis titled ,,Comparison of legal aspects of eugenics programs of USA and nazi Germany" elaborates an interesting area of legal history, which describes and compares state eugenics policies of the United States in the 1st half of the 20th century and similarly motivated population policy of nazi Germany. The main sources of this legislation are thoughts associated with struggle against genetic degeneration of population gene pool, which takes place because of reproduction of physically and mentally ,,defective", who pass these indispositions on next generations, and, according to laws of heredity, weaken the human race. In the thesis I distinguish original Galtonʻs and Ploetzʻs eugenics and so called racist eugenics, whose motive is protection and purification of specific social group. The thesis is divided into five chapters, which are further divided into sub-chapters and other additional parts. The emphasis is put on the second, the third and the fourth chapter, whereas the first and the fifths are included in the work, because I considered it a good idea to complete the story of eugenics throughout the history till present. The first chapter contains brief narration about presence od eugenics in societies from pre - state structures till the end of the 19th century, when the first eugenics...
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Legal-Historical Aspects of Punishment of Nazi Criminals on the Background of the Adolf Eichmann Trial
Kohout, David ; Seltenreich, Radim (advisor) ; Vojáček, Ladislav (referee) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
in English Dissertation Thesis David Kohout: Legal-Historical Aspects of Punishment of Nazi Criminals on the Background of the Adolf Eichmann Trial This Dissertation on the topic of "Legal-Historical Aspects of Punishment of Nazi Criminals on the Background of the Adolf Eichmann Trial" seeks to analyze the main approaches to the prosecution and punishment of the Nazi crimes. It was chosen to use the trial of Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem in years 1961 - 1962 as a connecting thread of this whole work. It was so not only due to the individual remarkableness of the trial but also due to the fact that it was in many ways a very illustrative for the previous legal development until that time. Additionally, many commentators of this trial attribute it a great impact on the renewal of the interest in the prosecution of former Nazis who were implicated in perpetration of crimes committed until 1945 and who remained at large after the end of war. Therefore this Thesis goes beyond the Eichmann trial and focuses on its broader context in material but also personal sense (in the text it often referred to cases of prosecution of close collaborators of Adolf Eichmann). In the opening chapters this Dissertation, however, starts with events that go far back in time before the Adolf Eichmann trial. This is for the...
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The First Amendment to the US Constitution and the development of its interpretation
Haberle, Ondřej ; Seltenreich, Radim (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
in English The First Amendment to the United States Constitution and the development of its interpretation The aim of the paper is to analyze the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. The main reason for my research is my long-term personal interests in the fields of law which are covered by the First Amendment. The thesis is composed of an introduction, six chapters and a conclusion. The study begins with the introduction where it is discussed methodology, my motives for choosing this topic, importance of the topic and potential contribution of this thesis to the Czech legal science. Chapter One examines historical roots of the First Amendment's rights and freedoms. It focuses on their development both in the England and in its American colonies. It tries to find main tendencies contributing to reasons for adopting rights and freedoms embodied in the First Amendment. Chapter Two concentrates on the main political and legal events involving adopting the First Amendment, and then it attempts to find a proper interpretation of the First Amendment using both historical and teleological approach. The second chapter also discusses the scope of the First Amendment. The chapter ends with the examination how external factors (such as legal philosophy or politics) influenced the decision making...
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Constitutional development of the Francist Spain
Hesová Vydrová, Michaela ; Seltenreich, Radim (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
The Constitutional Development of Franco's Spain The aim of this paper is the description and analysis of constitutional developments in Spain during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1939-1975). This paper can be divided into two basic parts. The first, which consists of chapters 1- 4, describes the chronological development, based on historical, social and economic context. Thus, it is possible to obtain an overall view of the Spanish legal system during that period. The text, however, extends beyond the timeframe of 1939-1975. Due to the necessity of explaining the context to the reader, the thesis also describes the period that preceded the establishment of the dictatorship (1902-1936). This is the reason of including a brief introduction of constitutional texts in force in Spain before the dictatorship. A separate sub- chapter describes the development during the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera, the period from which Franco derived in many ways. Building of the "New State" starts during the Civil War (1936-1939). This was when its basic features were outlined and laws displaying its character were adopted. The description of constitutional development of the Franco regime's is divided into two periods in the thesis - primer and segundo franquismo. The change in the economic policy...
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Variants of Financing the Acquisition of Fixed Assets
Horák, Tomáš ; Horák, Zdeněk (referee) ; Fedorová, Anna (advisor)
The bachelor thesis discusses the possibilities of financing the acquisition of fixed assets in the company. In the section of theory it is in detail analysed the various concepts on the topic of fixed assets financing. The following practical part, where there is determined the financial situation of company, based on financial analysis, compares an alternatives of the fixed assets financing in regards to the current market conditions. Finally, there is communitated the recommended alternative of financing.
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The effect of climate conditions on wheel-rail contact adhesion
Nohel, Rostislav ; Horák, Zdeněk (referee) ; Omasta, Milan (advisor)
Presented master’s thesis is focused on the experimental research of influence of climate conditions on wheel-rail adhesion, where climate conditions are meant two parameters: ambient air temperature and air humidity. These parameters always affect wheel-raid contact and their values change significantly during the year. For presented experimental research was used tribometer Mini Traction Machine (MTM) in configuration „ball on disc“. For determination of influence climate conditions was first found out the influence of air humidity on adhesion at certain temperatures, which varied between (1 to 50) °C. These experiments were performed for two types of discs, where one disc was exposed to leaf extract contamination. After that was assembled influence of both parameters (air humidity and ambient air temperature) on adhesion in the form of a 3D map, where were distinctioned states, when condensation has occured and when didn‘t. Obtained results in this thesis will be used for optimalization of rail vehicle control systems.
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The US Supreme Court, its, formation and first key decisions
Miřejovský, Jan ; Seltenreich, Radim (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
The US Supreme Court, its formation and first key decisions The thesis offers an insight of an era in which the Supreme Court of United States was founded and established itself as one of the major government institutions as well as a strong powerhouse of American politics. Essential for understanding of the future importance and role of the Court is to perceive not only its own early history but also an understanding of broader context concerning a development of the early American society as a whole. The thesis based on this implied layout consists of three main chapters. The first attempts to grasp a vast set of conditions which served, each to a different extent, as an inspirational background influence for the Founders in the creation of an American statehood. The natural rights philosophy, a product of the Age of Enlightenment, introduced by the work of John Locke set a foundation for American political thinking. The natural rights approach gloriously manifested itself in the Declaration of Independence (1776) and from then on runs as a red thin line throughout the entire legal history of United States. The Founders in the creation of a new American order amalgamated their knowledge of past human endeavors in various state systems and social structures into a constitutional based system of...
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Legal position and administration of Roman-Catholic parishes, parish communities of the Czechoslovak Protestant Church and religious communities of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church
Smolík, Viktor ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
This thesis is about the legal position and administration of the elementary institutions of three churches in the Czech Republic. These churches are significant in the Czech Christian churches and they are based on other system of administration. The aim of this thesis is to make comparison of this three systems. The thesis is composed of five chapters, each of them dealing with different church. Chapter one introduced to the problem and it presents all churches. Chapter two is about parishes of Catholic Church, which is controled by a episcopal papal system of administration. In the Czech Republic is the most dominant Roman branch of church. The thesis react with this fact and the first part is mostly about this branch, only one chapter is about the other branches of this church. This chapter consists of eight parts. The first part is about the legal position of parishes, second part is about establishment, termination and change of parishes. The third and fourth parts are about the position of priests (third part is about parish priests, fourth part is about other priests in the parish) and the fifth part is about councils in the parish. Sixth part of this chapter describes the administration of property. Seventh part introduces to other legal persons and the last part introduces to the system...
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