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Makrofyta v rybnících s různým typem rybářského hospodaření
FRANCOVÁ, Kateřina
Artificial fishponds have been an integral part of the European landscape for centuries. In addition to fish production, they provide important ecosystem services and habitats for biota, including macrophytes. The processes influencing macrophyte assemblages in fishponds are poorly understood and thus they were in the focus of this research. The opening study introduces thesis with a review of available information of historical development of fishponds and relation between fish farm management practices and fishpond macrophyte assemblages. Relevant socio-economic factors and possible effects of climate change are also explored. Comparison with similar wetland habitats shows that fishponds represent valuable systems harbouring many macrophyte species and a range of their rare and threatened taxa. The following study focuses on seasonal and inter-annual differences in vegetation in open water zones of nursery and main fishponds. The results show significant effect of the fishpond use type on macrophyte assemblages with strong decrease in macrophyte species numbers and abundance with increasing fish stock pressure. Stands of aquatic macrophytes commonly more developed in the nursery ponds in the spring of the first year of the production cycle, but variability could be found between ponds for example due to lower water level. While the results showed distinctions in water chemistry, sediment thickness, and adjoining land use, only transparency exerted a significant effect on macrophyte assemblages. Differences in other measured parameters were probably too small to be reflected in macrophyte species composition. Additionally, most macrophytes in our dataset show a broad ecological range. The last part of thesis reports analyses of plant species of reed bed and exposed bottom zones in the same selection of fishponds. As observed in the study of the open water zone, the highest species numbers and abundance were observed in the nursery ponds. The plants of reed beds were mostly affected by the width of the zone and shore slope. Lower slope in most fishponds often allowed development of the dense stands of Phragmites australis, which are highly competitive. They affect light and nutrient availability, produce a high amount of litter and so limit occurrence of other species. This as well as a position in the upper part of littoral, where they might not be affected by fish or water level disturbances so often, led to similarities in reed bed zones between fishpond types. In contrast more open reed bed stands with species such as Typha angustifolia and exposed bottoms allowed development of more species. The plants of exposed bottoms were affected by fishpond use type and adjoining land use type. The reason is lower fish stock pressure and more regular summer and/or winter drainage. Some fishponds or their parts did not have reed beds and exposed bottoms were then directly connected and influenced by surrounding landscape, e.g. ruderal and grassland species such as Barbarea vulgaris and Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia regularly occurred there. Application of fish farming practices is important not only as it is a part of the national heritage, but also to avoid pond terrestrialization. However, modification of farming techniques to best suit individual pond conditions and to adapt to climate change is recommended. Reducing fish stock density when relevant and limiting nutrient input from manuring and supplemental fish feeding may aid recovery of fishpond ecosystems including macrophyte species assemblages.
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Person centred approach in addiction treatment: theoretical background, application possibilities and compatibility with the current system of outpatient care and practice.
Sklenářová Francová, Kateřina ; Nevoralová, Monika (advisor) ; Reichelová, Lenka (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze 1. léka ská fakulta Studijní program: Specializace v léka ství Studijní obor: Adiktologie Bc. Kate ina Sklená ová Francová ístup zam ený na lov ka (PCA) v psychoterapii závislostí: teoretická východiska, aplika ní možnosti a kompatibilita se sou asným systémem ambulantní pé e a jeho praxí. Person centred approach in psychotherapy of addiction: theoretical background, application possibilities and compatibility with the current system of outpatient care and practice. Diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Monika Nevoralová Praha, 2013 Abstrakt diplomové práce: Východiska: Mezi základní charakteristiky p ístupu zam eného na lov ka (PCA) ve vztahu klient- terapeut pat í mimo jiné pojmy bezpodmíne né p ijetí, empatie a autenticita. V minulosti se tento psychoterapeutický sm r nazýval nedirektivním. Dnes je tento název p ekonán pro jeho redukující edur ení, nicmén pojem nedirektivita by se dal ozna it jako další z jeho p ízna ných rys . Sou asný systém lé by a rehabilitace závislých v psychiatrických lé ebnách, terapeutických komunitách i ambulantních typech lé by je založen na kontrole, režimu, vedení, tvorb terapeutického plánu a jiných, zejména kognitivn -behaviorálních metod, které jsou v sou asné adiktologii "dominantní". Nabízí se proto otázka, zda PCA m že najít v adiktologii...
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Motivation of Pedagogic Employees in Elementary Art Schools in Relation to School Management
Kadeřábek, Antonín ; Mazánková, Jana (advisor) ; Francová, Kateřina (referee)
4 Résumé: Incentives of pedagogic employee in elementary art schools depending on management of schools This bachelor work examines the issues of incentives of pedagogic employee in elementary art schools. This paper aims at analysing of the situation in the field of motivating of pedagogic employee in selected schools, checking whether there are some new natural relations in the field of motivating of pedagogic employee related to satisfaction of Maslow needs, which could be used for motivating of pedagogic employee in practice. The research part specifies two research issues. The first research issue discusses whether the pedagogic employees are motivated in conformity with the factors they regard as really motivating. The second research issue stems from assumption mentioned in bibliography and generally speaking it serves to verification of the first issue. It addresses whether the motivating factors, which stimulate satisfaction of the needs of one of five levels of Maslow pyramid, are most important for each pedagogic employee or whether the motivating factors, which stimulate satisfaction of needs related to more levels of Maslow pyramid, are the most important for each pedagogic employee. The explorative method of data collection (via a questionnaire) with subsequent analysis of gathered data...
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