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Influence of electronic payments on the size of shadow economy
Vaško, Jindřich ; Frömmel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Potužák, Pavel (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the influence of the chosen determinants on the size of the shadow economy in EU countries, particularly investigating the determinant of non-cash payments. According to cross-sectional data 6 econometric models were determined but because of quality requirements it was brought down to 3 econometric models. The determinants used in these models are: non-cash payments, tax and social burden, unemployment rate, and Index of Economic Freedom with its components. The results of these econometric models lead us to discovering that Index of Economic Freedom mainly its component of property rights has a significantly negative impact on the size of gray economy, there is also a negative impact of tax and social burden despite the previous assumption. The impact of non-cash payments is inconsistent.
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Analysis of determinants of cigarette consumption in OECD countries
Slezáková, Eva ; Frömmel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the impact of selected determinants on smoking behavior. Analysis of aggregate cigarette demand is based on data from 35 OECD countries and the analysis of rate of daily smokers is based on data from 28 OECD countries from year 2014. Based on this dataset, I estimated 2 basic and 2 extended econometric models, in which I used the following explanatory variables: price of cigarettes, public smoking bans, health warning labels, bans on tobacco advertising, education level, unemployment rate and GDP per capita. I stated two hypotheses: 1. price elasticity of demand for cigarettes will fall in the narrower range from -1 to 0, 2. at least one of three anti-tobacco regulations has significant and negative effect on smoking behavior. Hypothesis no. 1 has been confirmed in both models, however the hypothesis no. 2. has been not confirmed. Beside of cigarette price, two exogenous variables in the constructed models showed their significance. In the model with number of cigarettes as endogenous variable, GDP per capita had significant and positive effect on explained variable. In the model with rate of daily smokers as endogenous variable, tertiary women education rate had significant and negative effect on explained variable.
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Automobilový priemysel na Slovensku ako hlavný ťahač slovenskej ekonomiky a jej vývoja
Zvarková, Zuzana ; Frömmel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Špecián, Petr (referee)
The aim of this work is to prove the mutual relationship and dependence between the Automotive industry and the Slovak economy. First half of practical part calculates cor- relation coefficients between five potential bonds of individual performance indicators (e.g. Revenues of car manufacturers and Slovak nominal GDP). Strong correlation coefficients between these bonds prove that there is a significant mutual relationship and strong dependence. Second half of practical part presents very comprehensive SWOT analysis of the automotive industry in Slovakia. The aim of the analysis is to emphasize the strong two-way relationship. Additionally, to propose, how could the automotive industry accelerate the Slovak economy if influenced properly and how it could overcome upcoming threats that could have a negative impact on the economy of the country.
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From Apartheid to Democracy: A Case Study of Education in South Africa
Ammu, Naga Sailaja ; Frömmel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Chytilová, Helena (referee)
This thesis examines the role of education age gender years of education area of living and race in the income earned by citizens of South Africa. The aim of this is to analyse how the income earned is different for the various races present in South Africa. The methods used to analyse these phenomenons are by using STATA and running a linear regression model to prove the hypothesis: that black Africans earn much less than the white race due to the level of education and the past history which has always treated the blacks as inferiors. By regressing models it was discovered that the blacks earn much less than the other races that are in South Africa and especially the females. The information presented in this paper can be useful to future researchers NGOs in South Africa or the ones helping to make things better in that nation.
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Prokletí přírodních zdrojů: případ Ruska
Belyakova, Elena ; Frömmel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Máslo, Lukáš (referee)
The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the problem of the natural resource curse, particularly in the Russian Federation, with respect to history, changes in oil prices and the situation in the world arena. With the hypothesis that the changes in oil prices affect the Russian GDP and the development of other non-oil based industries, two different regressions for two time periods are run. The results of the regressions and subsequent test confirm the hypothesis that Russian GDP depends on the oil prices and on changes on the world resource market. It is found, that in the Soviet period there was no dependence of Soviet economy on oil export and prices. The results are in support of the previous paper, written by Benedictow et al. (2010), that indeed Russian economy suffers from the natural resource curse.
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CZECH CIVIL AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURES AND THEIR POTENTIAL ON EMERGING MARKETS TYPE OF CHINA
Brix, Vojtěch ; Frömmel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Prokop, Jaromír (referee)
In this thesis the author analyses the potential of aircraft manufacturing industry of the Czech Republic on emerging markets. Czech manufacturers have been operating only in two of the main sub-segments of the whole industry. Three main manufacturers were selected based on their revenues and each analysed from the financial, product portfolio, sales, and R&D point of view. The markets were selected applying the rating approach. For the purposes of the selection process a multi-criterial matrix was constructed of eleven parameters and two specific superstructures for each of the segments within the range. In the last part, the economic impact on the Czech Republic was estimated, specifically in terms of the labour market and contribution to the state budget via taxes and foreign trade balance.
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Information and communication technology. The case of Italy
Ben Thabetova, Elisabeth ; Frömmel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Máslo, Lukáš (referee)
The aim of this research is to point out the main features of Information and Communication Technology, its spread in Italy at the beginning of the current century and the effect and performance ICT investments have within the economy. The theoretical part focuses on the reasons behind the importance of ICT studies and the roots of field researches. The practical part underlines Italys late in comparison to rest of the European countries and formulates a hypothesis based on the researches made in 2002 by Bresnahan, Brynjolfsson and Hitt around organizational changes within firms. The results of the research suggest that there is a significant interaction between investments in ICT and organizational changes and that these variables are complementary. Output is positively affected by implementation of ICT together with organizational changes; however, when occurring alone, ICT investments and organizational changes have low and negative impact on output. This result is significant to solve the problems of the low performance of ICT in the country, as it suggests firms would profit the most from a modern technological reorganization of management structures and business processes and, therefore, implementation in such direction should be made.
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Příspěvek k rakouské teorii hospodářského cyklu: Nejistota a cenová očekávání
Frömmel, Tomáš ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Potužák, Pavel (referee)
Common critique of the Austrian business cycle theory states that the Austrian cycle could not be initiated under the rational expectations hypothesis. This thesis therefore investigates the role of price expectations of entrepreneurs in the Austrian cycle theory. We conclude that this theory might be compatible with rational expectations only under several assumptions. The rational expectations hypothesis is, however, evaluated rather critically concluding it is quite strong and unrealistic assumption. Various regimes of monetary policy are discusses in the context of price expectations.
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