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The care of a patient with prosthetic joint infection
BLÁHOVÁ, Zdeňka
This diploma thesis deals with the care of a patient with an infected endoprosthesis. It focuses mainly on how these patients are informed about the prevention of an infected endoprosthesis, how they evaluate the care of nurses and how are they manage the treatment of an infected joint replacement. The theoretical part of the thesis, deals with the description of the terms of infection and joint replacement infection. It also deals with the classification, diagnosis and treatment of infected endoprostheses. The next chapter focuses on the role of the nurse in the care of patient with infected endoprosthesis. It describes the prevention of creation of an infected endoprosthesis, nursing care and nursing diagnoses in a patient with an infected endoprosthesis. Three goals were set: Firstly to determine the level of awareness about the prevention of postoperative complications in patients with infected endoprostheses. Secondaly to find out how patients with infected endoprostheses evaluate the care of nurses. Third goal was to find out how patients manage the treatment of an infected joint replacement. The research part was processed using a qualitative research survey. The research was carried out using semi-structured interviews, which were then analyzed using the pencil and paper method. The interview was created from 23 questions, which were then divided into three categories. The research part raised an awernees that most respondents were given information about postoperative infectious complications by a doctor. The doctor devotes enough time and space to the respondents during the information and explains everything to them sufficiently and clearly. Another finding was that the vast majority of respondents were sufficiently informed about the need to undergo an examination at the dentist, or possibly undergo another professional examination. Furthermore, it was found out that general nurses do not sufficiently inform patients about antiseptic shower and preparation of the operating field, even though these activities can greatly influence the development of an infected endoprosthesis. In contrast, there have been found out that nurses are providing sufficient information to patients on how to care for a scar and the symptoms that may signal the presence of an infection. The interviews pointed out, how the respondents evaluate the care of nurses during hospitalization. The respondents were especially satisfied with the professional approach of the nurses, quality communication with the nurses during hospitalization and protection of intimacy, during general hygiene. It showed that all respondents trust the abilities of nurses and doctors in this hospital. It was also found out how the respondents manage the treatment of the infected joint replacement. The vast majority of patients that had been interviewed managed the treatment period very hard. The most difficult for the respondents during this period were restricted movement, inability to take care of themselves, pain and poor mental health during treatment. Lastly, it was found out what the result of the treatment was from the patient's point of view. Most respondents have been satisfied with the outcome of the treatment. The majority of respondents provided information that the results of the treatment of an infected endoprosthesis did not significantly affect their quality of life and that they can walk without any support.
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The effect of divorce on child´s social behavior in the kindergarden from the perspective of preschool teacher.
BLÁHOVÁ, Zdeňka
The topic of this Bachelor thesis offers a summar y of information concerning divorce in general, the specificics of development of a pre school aged child, his behavior and coping ability, information about problematic demeanor and psychological aspects of broken family and its influence on children, esp ecially those of a pre school age. The empiric part is constructed rather qualitatively. It consists of an analysis, that has been completed based on half structured interviews, in which the answers were provided by kindergarten teachers. Those interviews are focused on their experiences with possible changes of behavior regarding kids, whose parents are going through a divorce, and the question if these shifts of demeanor may positively affect the conduct of kids in kindergarten. Attainments gained from th ese dialogues aim to find out, what changes in terms of needs and behavior of one child are the pedagogues exposed to during or after the process of his parents' divorce and how they cooperate with these children. The pedagogues report kids do change the w ay of carrying themselves, after or throughout their parents' marriage divorce.
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The matters of patients foreknowledge about inhalant systems.
BLÁHOVÁ, Zdeňka
This bachelor thesis follows up the problems of awareness of patients about inhalation systems. It focuses primarily on who and how the patients are informed about the handeling with inhalation systems, how patients can handle with inhalation systems, which mistakes they are doing, and which inhalation system suits the patients best. It is about patients, who have bronchial asthma of they suffer from chronical obstructive pulmonary disease. The theoretical part deals with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It focuses on definitions of both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It also deals with their causes, symptoms, classification, diagnosis and treatment. In the next part, this bachelor thesis deals with are inhalation systems, types of inhalation systems, and their handling. At the end of the theoretical part is mentioned the role of the nurse in the education proces of the patient, within the proper handling of the inhalation system. The research part was processed by qualitative research. The data collection technique was semi-structured interview and observation. The interview was made up of 21 questions and the observation was written down in an observation sheet. The research group consisted of 11 patients, 4 of whom had chronical obstructive pulmonary disease and 7 patients had bronchial asthma. It came out from the research that the informations are forwarded to the patients by the doctors. Nurses are not very involved in forwarding informations to the patients, even though they have the necessary competencies to do so. Furthermore, the research had revealed that nurses spend only a few time with patients, in some cases just a few minutes. As part of a doctor's check, it became clear that nurses only control the patient's inhalation technique, only when patients are learning to handle with the inhalation system. Over time, they do not control the inhalation technique of the patients and therefore patients practice their inhalation technique wrong and make mistakes. It has emerged that the most widely used inhalation system is an aerosol dispenser, despite the fact that the powder inhaler is easier to handle. Furthermore,it became clear that patients were the most mistaken in aerosol dispensers. From the research came out, that the patients make the most mistakes, while using aerosol dispensers. The most common mistake are not holding the breath and not shaking the inhaler. With powder inhalers, patients made mistakes too. The fault was mainly in the exhalation through the inhaler, in the small force of the inhalation, and holding the inhalator in wrong position. Based on these results, there was made an helpful information brochure which will help all patients, who can not handle their inhalation system correctly.
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