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Development of children's drawing and fields of application
Kučerová, Andrea ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šírová, Eva (referee)
The bachelor's thesis seeks to examine children's drawing development and fields of application. The first chapter describes children's drawing development from two perspectives: the changing attitudes towards the child as an artist and a time-line of research into children's drawing. Second part of the thesis contains fields of application of children's drawing in therapeutical approaches to art therapy. Finally, practical part offers a research proposal, which aims to survey therapeutical approaches to art therapy in the Czech Republic.
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Close relationships and satisfaction in marriage in people suffering from obesity
Knappová, Dana ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
0 Abstrakt The diploma thesis deals with closeness of relationship and marital satisfaction among people suffering from obesity. The main research question is if the level of marital satisfaction depends on BMI (Body Mass Index). These issues are first discussed on theoretical level. Then we used the Locke - Wallace, RCI and SF - 36 questioneries in the research part. The results shows that there is no direct connection between BMI and marital satisfaction but we found some other factors that influence the marital satisfaction. Keywords: marriage, obesity, marital satisfaction
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Comprehension of syntactic structures in young school-age children
Schöffelová, Miroslava ; Rendl, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Kesselová, Jana (referee)
TITLE: Comprehension of syntactic structures in young school-age children ABSTRACT: The thesis deals with the comprehension of syntactic structures in children attending the second grade of elementary school which was part of a larger research project exploring assumptions regarding reading and writing. The comprehension of syntactic structures was studied using an experimental version of a test which monitors the processing of different types of simple phrases and sentences. Data show the level of comprehension of children at this age, how the children understand the sentences, and what the most common mistakes are. We were able to identify the different strategies that are used in the processing of sentences and explain some of the typical ways to erroneous interpretations of sentences using the concepts described in literature. We also investigated relationships with other skills. In addition to analysis of the role of memory in sentence comprehension, the work deals mainly with the relationship between reading efficiency and reading comprehension. The results show the relationship between these variables in the Slovak language, and compare the findings with data from studies in other languages. KEY WORDS: Comprehension of syntactic structures, process of comprehension, thematic roles, comprehension...
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Psychological Aspects of Assisted Reproduction
Karel, David ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Hříbková, Lenka (referee)
This dissertation work aims to contribute to the understanding and explanation of individual psychological experience during the process of assisted reproduction. The research objective is to understand and describe infertile individual's experience during the process of assisted reproduction techniques treatment. The aim of the project is to immerse into the experience of infertile individuals and try to understand what the individual ascribes to himself, his infertility, reproductive medicine and how the individual perceives reality. The work helps to understand the experience of individual's perception of himself, his partner and his surroundings, in relation to his infertility and assisted reproduction techniques and what feelings and emotions he experiences. The dissertation project is answering four research questions: How do the participants feel about their child? How do the participants experience the process of assisted reproduction techniques? How do participants experience the emotions in the context of assisted reproduction? How do participants think about their partners and the social environments in the context of conception and ART? The nature of the adopted epistemological anthropomorphic attitude and theoretical models of the interaction symbolism and social constructivism, a...
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Socialm - psychological aspects of childbirth experience and their impact on early parental self-efficacy of first-time mothers
Kodyšová, Eliška ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Sobotková, Daniela (referee)
Title: SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CHILDBIRTH EXPERIENCE AND THEIR IMPACT ON EARLY PARENTAL SELF-EFFICACY OF FIRST-TIME MOTHERS Author: Eliška Kodyšová Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague Supervisor: PhDr. Simona Horáková Hoskovcová, PhD., Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague Abstract: Transition to parenthood is a significant transition period in a woman's psychological ontogenesis. An important predictor of parenting abilities and well-being is parental self-efficacy. Recent studies show that mothers' parental self-efficacy can be influenced by childbirth satisfaction, which, in turn, is predicted by social-psychological aspects of childbirth experience, especially support by caregivers. In a longitudinal 2-phase research, we have followed parental self-efficacy determinants working around 1st childbirth as well as childbirth experience determinants. Using multiple linear regression analysis we determined that although parental self-efficacy is mainly prenatally determined, caregivers' support and baby's soothability can impact it positively. We have also confirmed the decisive influence of caregivers' support on childbirth satisfaction in our sample, which is representative for Czech primiparas. ...
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Evaluation of Psychosocial Clima by Woman in a Small Maternity Hospital
Žipajová, Věra ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
This thesis focuses on mapping and evaluation of psychosocial climate by expectant mothers in the "Česko-německá horská nemocnice s.r.o.". This work is based on the results of the research project "Psychosocial climate in maternity hospitals from the perspective of parturients - theory and diagnostics" (project no. 316111), realized in the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague. The thesis is a theoretical and empirical work. The theoretical part provides knowledge about psychological changes, which the woman goes through during her pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. The further space is devoted to the historical look at the development of inclusion of the psychosocial aspects into the health care and the current approach to the patients in general basis and to the women in labour especially. The theoretical part touches also the pathological mental states of women occurring in this time most frequently. However, the psychosocial aspects of the care for the woman in the perinatal period are the core of the theoretical part. The research part of the work tries to achieve the evaluation of psychosocial climate in Česko-německá horská nemocnice s.r.o. by the women who gave birth there. The research has got a quantitative design. The number of 51 women participated...
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Medial models for the development of equal perception of minority groups at children
Hanáková, Justina ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on medial models of the minority group's equal perception development by preschool aged children. The theoretical part discourses in the wider context of the socialisation process about aspects important in this relation. It turns to the topics of social learning, attitudes towards minorities, attitudes' formation, mass communication and its impact on preschool children. The empiric part focuses on analysis of the chosen both electronic and printed medial production assigned to Czech preschool children, including comparison between Czech and foreign production. Within the analysis the either presence or absence of such medial models is investigated, which might have an influence on Czech children's attitude forming towards minority groups. Consequently it is evaluated whether between identified models such models exist, which could have a potential for actuating recipient in the sense of equal perception development towards minority groups.
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The analysis of playing interactions of a child at toddler age in a nursery
Petráňová, Tereza ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
This diploma thesis The analysis of palying interactions of a child at toddler age in a nursery is divided into two parts - the theoretical part and the empirical part. The theoretical part is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter deals with the characteristics of a child at toddler age. The individual stages of child development are described here. The second chapter focuses on the child's play activities and the third characterises nursery care in the Czech Republic and abroad. The fourth chapter contains summary of the theoretical part. The survey presented in the empirical part of the thesis consists of an analysis of play interaction between two and three-year old children and their teacher in a nursery facility. The following actions of children were monitored: vocalisation, eye contact with other people and expression of emotions, motor activity, toy preference and mutual physical contact between the teacher and a child. Video records were analysed using applications V.I.P. (Video Interactive Procesor) and MS Excel. I compared not only the data of all children, but I also focused on a comparison between the boys and girls in terms of different gender. Key words: toddler, play interaction, nursery facility, nursery teacher, child development, parental care.
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Gender and sexuality: Differences in sexual behavior based on gender typology according to S. Bem
Hlivka, Michal ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Weiss, Petr (referee)
Our concern in this work was a shared field of study between gender and sexuality in the search of underlying variables of sexual behavior. Basically our scope was to gather data to empirically support one of the theoretical approaches of sex differences in sexual behavior - essentialism, explaining behavior on the basis of biological sex or evolution; or social constructionism applying variables like gender or masculinity and feminity. For this purpose, 602 participants (166 men, 436 women), aged 18-45 yr., filled out the Bem Sex Role Inventory, and the Inventory of Sexual Behavior. Results in general support the social constructionism approaches, as in the most types of sexual behavior we found differences between gender groups, but not between the sexes. However, explanations provided by theories of essentialism should not be discarded, as there were also differences between sexes in few specific areas of human sexuality, namely masturbation, and overall sexual activity. Key words: gender, sexuality, masculinity, feminity, sexual behavior, sex differences
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The entrance of the child to the school and potential problems connected with this developmental period
Bayerová, Kateřina ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Morgensternová, Monika (referee)
5 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to set the theme of a child's start of education at primary school to the overall theoretical context. In the first part of this thesis we bring up theoretical scope of the problematics of child's start of education. After the introductory definition and characteristics of a child's preschool age we attend to brief overview of the Czech historical progress of education and its transformation after the year 1989. The theoretical part of the thesis further addresses overall preparedness of a child towards education, the attendance itself and its adaptation. We introduce new roles of a pupil, parent, teacher and mutual cooperation of parents and a school. The concluding chapter comprises the parents' preparedness problematics, selection of a appropriate school for a child and an application. The empirical part addresses mapping of problematics of child's start of education at primary school. It introduces the quantitative natured research. A custom made anonymous questionnaire was used for gathering data. This questionnaire was filled in by 200 respondents. After data selection of invalid filled in questionnaires we got a sample of 194 respondents. Out of these 184 were women and 10 men in aged from 24 to 47. The data were processed in StatGraphics Plus application. The...
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