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The Impact of High Accessibility of Pornography on Relationships
Skalický, Václav ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the connection between romantic relationships and internet pornography use. Initial research goal was to identify significant relations between pornography use, characteristics of romantic relationships and sociodemographic attributes and continuously determine, whether interest in relationships among single people can be inhibited by pornography use. Final goal was to asses, whether relationships can be influenced not only by pornography in general, but also by pornography's current unlimited accessibility on the internet specifically. Results show that the ways people use pornography - such as the frequency of use, the type of content viewed or the age of the first exposure to it - are significantly related to many aspects of people's relationships and are also significantly related to some sociodemographic attributes. In addition, unlimited accessibility of pornography can indeed have its own impact on relationships through the consequences of the decreasing age of first exposure to pornography. Inhibitory effect on interest in relationships hasn't been demonstrated. KEYWORDS pornography, internet pornography, romantic relationships, sexuality
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Gifted students in basic school
Mňuk, Kamil ; High, Radka (advisor) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
The central theme of this work is the issue of gifted and exceptionally gifted pupils and their education in primary schools. The theoretical part of the work deals with terminology, models of giftedness, characteristic manifestations of gifted students, cognitive and non-intellectual features and a specific group of gifted children, which consists mainly of students with double exceptionality and underperformance. It also analyzes the educational and educational needs of the gifted, provides an overview of legislative documents related to it, and presents approaches recommended by experts that can be effectively applied to gifted students in compulsory school education. The aim of the research part is to analyze the experiences of pedagogues - educational advisors - with gifted pupils at primary schools in the Rychnov nad Kněžnou region, through self-constructed questionnaires, at the same time to analyze their attitudes, approaches and orientation in the issue, as well as how nomination and identification of these pupils takes place and how they are supported in their education. The second main goal is to analyze the experiences of parents with access to their gifted children in elementary schools based on the conducted interviews. The research results point to the current state of the issue,...
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The use of memory techniques in teaching English vocabulary - intervention study
Dámová, Alena ; Špačková, Klára (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
Diplomová práce se zaměřuje na problematiku osvojování slovní zásoby v cizím jazyce. Představuje intervenční studii ověřující přínos Metody slovíček v příbězích při osvojení nové slovní zásoby v anglickém jazyce u dětí mladšího školního věku. Teoretická část je rozdělena do tří kapitol, ve kterých představuje aktuální poznatky o paměti. Zabývá se také paměťovými technikami a možnostmi využití paměťových technik při osvojování a výuce slovní zásoby. Práce popisuje jak pojetí, tak současný stav poznání daných pojmů ve vztahu k učení a úspěšnému rozvoji cizojazyčných kompetencí. Praktická část se opírá o kvantitativní výzkum, ve kterém proběhla výuka slovní zásoby anglického jazyka pomocí vybraných paměťových technik. Samotné výzkumné šetření probíhalo ve dvou výzkumných skupinách žáků 4. ročníků po dobu 12 týdnů. Kromě úrovně osvojení jazyka a slovní zásoby včetně pravopisu slov byly sledovány také individuální rozdíly v paměťových schopnostech žáků. Výsledky výzkumného šetření poukázaly na statisticky významné rozdíly ve prospěch žáků experimentální skupiny v úlohách zaměřených na osvojování slovní zásoby, ale neprokázaly vliv paměťové techniky na rozvoj paměťových schopností a celkovou jazykovou komunikativní kompetenci. KLÍČOVÁ SLOVA anglický jazyk, mladší školní věk, paměť, paměťové techniky,...
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Support tools in education - The impact of increasing of the time allowance on the performance of pupils with specific learning disabilities
Frombergerová, Anna ; Pavlas Martanová, Veronika (advisor) ; Vítečková, Miluše (referee) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
The dissertation focuses on the analysis of support measures in the education of pupils with special educational needs. The main area of the study is to increase the time allowance for the work of pupils with specific learning disabilities, which is one of the most frequently chosen forms of support for these pupils. After presenting the theoretical basis of the study, the research itself is presented. The research is a quantitative analysis of the performance of 9th grade elementary school students. The research group included pupils with SPU (N = 31) and intact pupils (N = 188). The students worked on the I-S-T 2000 R Intelligence Structure Test and their performance was statistically processed. Pupils with SPU had 25% more of time for work available than intact pupils, but they were also evaluated in basic time. We worked with their performance in the form of gross scores (that is correctly filled in items), the gross scores were not converted into intelligence quotients. Statistically significant results were found in the following areas. Pupils with SPU performed statistically significantly better within their group in all evaluated scales and subtests if they worked with increasing time (than in basic time). When we are evaluating the difference between pupils with SPU and an intact group of...
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Sibling relationships from an adult perspective
Krulišová, Julie ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
In my diploma thesis I summarized the background and findings on family and siblings, the specifics of the sibling relationship and the factors that affect it - especially sibling positions, age difference, number of siblings and gender, that all based on specialized literature. Another topic that my diploma focused on was sibling dynamics - especially rivalry and jealousy and the development of a sibling relationship throughout human's life. The empirical part of the thesis was dedicated on quantitative research in which respondents answered questions about their personal sibling relationships. The chosen form of research was a questionnaire, that was divided into two parts concerning ‚the childhood' and ‚the present'. The aim was to see the adult's point of view and their subjective evaluation of their sibling relationships in childhood and in adulthood. The results of my research have claimed that the satisfaction with the relationship in childhood affects the satisfaction in adulthood, moreover respondents had been more satisfied with the sibling relationship they have in their adult life than in childhood (except for the position of middle siblings, who were more feeling satisfied in childhood). In the overall evaluation approximately 80% of the respondents have evaluated their sibling...
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Selected cognitive prereguisites and metacognition in relation to difficulties in arithmetic skills of younger school age pupils
Stieranková, Marína ; Špačková, Klára (advisor) ; Skalová Pražáková, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis deals with the area of difficulties in arithmetic skills in relation to metacognition and selected cognitive prerequisites in younger school age pupils. The theoretical part of this thesis provides an insight into the issues of the metacognition, of the mathematical skills, of the cognitive prerequisites for their development, of the metacognition in relation to the mathematics, and also deals with the tools for measuring these areas. The empirical part describes the research, which aimed to compare the metacognitive knowledge (of self, tasks and strategies) and selected cognitive assumptions (symbolic and non-symbolic perception of quantity (numerosity), spatial ability, inhibition) of a group of students with a lower level of the arithmetic skills (N=24) and a group of students with a level of arithmetic skills within the norm (N=31). The results of the research showed a difference between the research groups in metacognitive knowledge of self, and metacognitive knowledge of competence-enhancing strategies. In the other monitored areas (metacognitive knowledge of tasks, avoidance strategies and selected cognitive prerequisites), no statistically significant difference between the observed groups of students was demonstrated. KEY WORDS arithmetic skills, metacognitive knowledge,...
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Fears and monsters in preschool and young school age children
Brummer, Martin ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the importance of ghosts in the imagination of children. The theoretical part deals with the influence of monsters on the European culture, defines the concept of fear and states the fundamental differences in their content in preschool and early school age. It also defines the concepts of gender and sex, and presents differences in the perception of fear among boys and girls. The empirical part is divided into two parts. In the first part of children and their relatives via a 5-point scale determined intensity of children's fear of monsters and other fears. The second part provides the empirical information on children's perceptions of ghosts obtained through interviews with children.
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