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Age estimation in two recent European population by assessment of permanent tooth mineralization
Černá, Magdaléna ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Stránská, Petra (referee)
Age estimation is a common requirement in forensic, bioarcheological and biomedical practice. This master thesis deals with age estimation based on permanent tooth mineralization according to Demirjian et al. (1973). The research material consisted of orthopantomograms of 716 Czech and 743 French children aged between 4 and 15 years. The purpose of this study was to analyse the suitability of the original French-Canadian standards for age estimation (Demirjian a Goldstein, 1976) and the recent Belgian standards (Willems et al., 2001) in Czech and French population. Another aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of the neural network method that represents a completely new approach in data prediction. In order to express the accuracy of estimate we used mean and median of difference between chronological and dental age, and RMS error. Using logistic regression, differences in tooth mineralization between Czech and French population and between girls and boys were also evaluated. Our results indicate that the French-Canadian standards gave a consistent overestimation of dental age compared with chronological age. Mean difference was 0,33 years for Czech children and 0,45 and 0,46 years for French girls and boys, respectively. We found that Willem's method and neural network method were more...
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Age estimation based on human dentice
Černá, Magdaléna ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (referee)
Age estimation plays a very important role not only in forensic and biomedicinal anthropology, but also in other disciplines, such as bioarcheologie or paleoanthropology. Teeth are considered the most reliable age indicators during childhood and adolescence. Teeth are resistant to the effects of external and internal factors, and because of that they decay a long time after a death of an individual. While age estimation in children and adolescents can be based on mineralization or eruption of the teeth, in adults it is focused on retrogressive changes in dentition. There have been established several methods and their modification for age assessment based on these criteria. This thesis aims to generally summarize tthe principles and methods of age estimation based on dentition both in immature and adult individuals.
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Customer loyalty of a retail company - Billa
Kučera, Michal ; Postler, Milan (advisor) ; Černá, Magdaléna (referee)
The first chapter enlightens the meaning of the term "customer loyalty", and explains its importance for firms in today's competitive surrounding. The second chapter focuses on market research and acts as a theoretical base and starting point for the research, which is a part of this thesis. The third chapter introduces the company BILLA spol. s.r.o. ČR and its loyalty programme, which is described very closely. The last chapter is concerned with the market research, which has been made for purpose of this thesis. It refers to the foreknowledge about benefits, which the Billa Club offers to its members.
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