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Physiotherapy for patients with thoracic spine injury (without spinal cord injury) in the early period after injury
KREJČÍŘOVÁ, Hana
This bachelor thesis deals with traumatic spinal cord injury (no lesion of the spinal cord) with a focus on the thoracic area. Fractures of the thoracic vertebrae occurs most frequently in traffic and bicycle accidents or falls from a height. Great influence also has osteoporosis (especially in postmenopausal women). Doctor´s assessment is followed by conservative or operative treatment and rehabilitation. The theoretical part consists of the sum of knowledge concerning this issue. There are explained the basic anatomical structures, the stability of the spine, definitions and divisions of injuries and fractures, fracture diagnosis and types of treatment. Also the effects of fracture healing are discussed. Subsequently it is focused on physiotherapy methods, which can be used in the treatment of fractures of the thoracic vertebrae. Effective physiotherapy is in place and might include practicing good posture, physiological respiration, restoration of movement stereotypes, briefing care scar, autorelaxation or motorization of the thoracic area. For the practical part of the thesis has been used qualitative research method. Physiotherapy in three patients with fractures of the thoracic vertebrae is described there. The first meeting included the history-taking in the form of a structured interview followed by entrance kinesiologic examination. It consisted of static testing of all respondents with aspection front, back and side, breathing wave dynamic tests and walk test. In addition, a measurement of distances on the spine was made. Another examination was testing of postural stabilization and postural reactibility for which they were selected three tests - diaphragmatic test, trunk flexion and extension test by Prof. Pavel Kolář. The therapy lasted eight weeks and individually at each patient's home. The aim was to map the possibilities of physiotherapy techniques used in patients with spinal thoracic spine (without damage to the spinal cord). Furthermore, the design and implementation of short-term treatment plan for individual patients and comparing their status at the beginning and at the end of research in relation to their degree of affinity to the active physical exercise. The therapy was finished with output kinesiological analysis. The probands were also subjected to an unstructured interview, in which each told their subjective evaluation of the progress of the research. This bachelor thesis could serve as study material for students and health professionals and to raise awareness of the general public about the impact of physiotherapy for pain relief and increasing range of motion in patients with fractures of the thoracic vertebrae. Equally essential purpose is to raise awareness of patients about their treatment options.
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