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Automated object tracking using robotic manipulator
Zelený, Miroslav ; Ligocki, Adam (referee) ; Chromý, Adam (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the tracking of objects using a robotic manipulator Epson C3 and a color camera. The work describes the basic qualities of the device to be used. The OpenCV library and its wrapper EmguCV are used as software tools for computer vision. It discusses the basic issues and principles of tracking objects in the image and introduces some methods of tracking. These methods have been tested and therefore their strengths and weaknesses, which appeared during testing, are listed here. Furthermore, there is a procedure for calculating the new coordinates of the camera and the manipulator effector using homogeneous transformations. The work contains the results of testing the algorithms and their evaluation. The output of the work is a test application for the Epson C3 robot.
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Analysis of the possibilities of influencing antibiotic prophylaxis on the basis of inflammatory markers II
Strnadová, Gabriela ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Šorf, Aleš (referee)
Analysis of the possibilities of influencing antibiotic prophylaxis on the basis of inflammatory markers II Author: Gabriela Strnadová Tutor: doc. PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petr Domecký Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aims: Periprosthetic joint infections are considered as the biggest complication of the implementation of the total arthroplasty which may be reduced by the observation of inflammatory and nutritional markers. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the possibilities of influencing the antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) on the basis of those markers observed on patients that underwent the total hip arthroplasty (THA) and the total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: Data was collected from a prospective study which began in March 2020 at the Department of Orthopedics at the University Hospital Hradec Králové. There were 118 patients from May 2021 to June 2022 older than 18 years with THA and TKA included in the analysis. The analysed data were sourced from the paper and electronic forms of medical documentary materials of those patients. Patients'personal and medical details (including the information about the operation, the thromboprophylaxis (TP), AP, and the results of physical and...
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Analysis of the possibilities of influencing antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopedics on the basis of inflammatory markers
Preiss, Přemysl ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Doseděl, Martin (referee)
Analysis of the possibilities of influencing antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopedics on the basis of inflammatory markers Author: Přemysl Preiss Tutor: doc. PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petr Domecký Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aim: Endoprosthetic surgeries are demanding orthopedic surgeries rarely associated with complications, that can be fatal. One is periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), whose risk can be decreased by antibiotic prophylaxis (AP). The aim of this effort was to describe trends in endoprosthetic surgeries of the knee and the hip, their complications and options of diagnostics in the theoretical part. The aim of the practical part was to analyze prognostic features of chosen laboratory parameters on postoperative infections, respectively on postoperative complications. Methods: This prospective study started in March 2020 and data gathering took place until 28. 3. 2022 at the Ortopedic Clinic of the University Hospital Hradec Králové. Patients, who were included in the study, fulfilled the preliminary criteria, e.g. age ≥ 18 years, patient undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty at the time of the study and giving the informed consent to the study. Data were gathered from...
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Antibody-mediated rejection after kidney transplantation
Slatinská, Janka ; Viklický, Ondřej (advisor) ; Reischig, Tomáš (referee) ; Krejčí, Karel (referee)
Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is the main cause of the kidney graft dysfunction and its failure after transplantation. Antibodies lead to vascular damage that is either acute or chronic and manifests as sudden or progressive graft dysfunction. Risk factors for development of AMR are time spent on haemodialysis, retransplantation, previous sensitisation against HLA antigens, and persistence of panel-reactive antibodies. Diagnosis is based on detection of deposits of C4d component of complement in peritubular capilaries and presence of donor-specific antibodies (DSA). We can also observe injury caused by antibodies against non-HLA antigens without detection of anti-HLA DSA. Use of "molecular microscope" can be beneficial in diagnosis and stratification of the risk of graft failure. High expression of ENDAT (endothelial activation and injury transcript) improves prediction of kidney graft failure more than C4d staining. Based on gene expression, the AMR scoring system correlates with the diagnosis of AMR and predicts graft loss in the future. The main goal of our work was to recognize patients at risk of AMR. In our study, we confirmed the efficacy and safety of acute AMR therapy with plasmaphereses and administration of intravenous immunoglobulins for improving outcomes of kidney transplantation....
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Automated object tracking using robotic manipulator
Zelený, Miroslav ; Ligocki, Adam (referee) ; Chromý, Adam (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the tracking of objects using a robotic manipulator Epson C3 and a color camera. The work describes the basic qualities of the device to be used. The OpenCV library and its wrapper EmguCV are used as software tools for computer vision. It discusses the basic issues and principles of tracking objects in the image and introduces some methods of tracking. These methods have been tested and therefore their strengths and weaknesses, which appeared during testing, are listed here. Furthermore, there is a procedure for calculating the new coordinates of the camera and the manipulator effector using homogeneous transformations. The work contains the results of testing the algorithms and their evaluation. The output of the work is a test application for the Epson C3 robot.
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Pathophysiology of colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer screening effect and the role of microRNA in pathophysiology of colorectal cancer.
Král, Jan ; Špičák, Julius (advisor) ; Keil, Radan (referee) ; Mohelníková Duchoňová, Beatrice (referee)
Colorectal cancer is a serious malignant disease with an incidence of over 1.8 million new cases per year worldwide. There are about 8 000 patients diagnosed with CRC in the Czech Republic each year, and about half of them present with an advanced disease. Screening program identifies patients in the early stages of CRC resulting in overall better prognosis and survival. There is also a lack of biomarkers of early CRC detection and of response to treatment. The first aim of our project was to conduct a national multicentre prospective observational study to evaluate the impact of CRC screening within the framework of a Czech population screening programme. Between March 2013 and September 2015, a total of 265 patients were enrolled in 12 centres across the Czech Republic. Patients were divided into screening and control groups and compared for pathology status and clinical characteristics. Screening was defined as a primary screening colonoscopy or a colonoscopy after a positive FOBT in an average-risk population. The distribution of CRC stages was significantly favourable in the screening group compared with the control group (stages 0, I and II, 63% versus 43.3%; p <0.001). The presence of distant (M1) and local metastases (N1 and N2) was significantly less prevalent in the screening group (0%,...
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Identifikace pšenice seté a špaldy DNA markery
Smetana, Daniel
Spelt has recently become more popular and desirable due to the better nutritional composition of foods containing spelt, compared to traditional foods from common wheat. Both of these plants are some of the basic cereals, they are grown all over the world and are mainly used in the food and feed industries. Due to the frequent adulteration of spelt products through the use of common wheat admixtures, there is a growing interest in their differentiation. Molecular biology methods are one of the possible tools for identifying them. This work entitled “Identification of common wheat and spelt by DNA markers” was focused in this direction as well. DNA markers associated with variability in the γ-gliadin gene through PCR reaction and restriction cleavage (RFLP method) were tested and verified. Nine genotypes of the wheat genus were tested and the results were verified on polyacrylamide electrophoresis and by means of bioinformatics tools. The result shows that the polymorphism in the γ-gliadin gene can be used as an identifier for distinguishing spelt and common wheat.
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A simple method for detection of Czech bolting garlics (Allium sativum L.) using microsatellite analysis: methodology for practice
Ovesná, Jaroslava ; Mitrová, Katarína ; Kučera, Ladislav
The aim of the methodology was to verify and compile a set of microsatellite markers for the purpose of verification to be used for the undisputed identification of selected types of Czech bolting garlics. The object of submitted methodology is to simplify procedure that allow to determine Czech bolting garlic using microsatellite analysis (SSR- Single Sequence Repeats), which is applicable in testing laboratories. The described method allows to identify the variety and breeding material of bolting garlic of Czech origin using DNA markers (microsatellite alleles) that are present only for this group of varieties and breeding lines. By the amplification of the genome containing the microsatellite locus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific, fluorescently labeled primers, and subsequent analysis of the lengths of PCR products. Methodology newly brings a unique set of diagnostic SSR markers, describe the evaluation and interpretation of the results.
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Methodology for detecting the presence of cranberries and lingonberries in processed products using molecular SSR markers: methodology for practice
Kučera, Ladislav ; Ovesná, Jaroslava
The subject of the methodology is a procedure for diagnosing the presence of lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) and cranberries (Vaccinum macrocarpon L.) in processed products such as tea or fruit ingredients of many food products (jams, jelly, purree, tea). The methodology exploit DNA sequences that are typical for each plant species. Thus, molecular DNA markers that characterize the plant species by SSRs (single sequence repeats) are used. The methodology describes the extraction of DNA from the assumed matrix, the use of selected SSR markers and the analytical data evaluation procedure. The method can be used in any solid equipped molecular-genetic laboratory. The method is applicable for the characterization of DNA isolated from any part of the plant, fruit, and derived food or food supplements. Method describes the procedure and necessary equipment to perform the analysis. Protocol recommends how to evaluate the results.
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