|
|
Growing of energy crops - yield parameters
NĚMEC, Václav
Thesis deals with renewables resources, potential of biomass and plants phytomass. We focused on the cultivation of selected energy crops, as perennial grasses Elymus elongatus (subsp. ponticus, cv. Szarvasi-1), reed canary grass, miscanthus sinensis and annual crops of maize and sorghum. The practical part is aimed to the establishment of small plot trials with a variety Szarvasi-1, reed canary grass and miscanthus. We described the methods of field experiment establishing with crop Szarvasi-1 of their treatment and harvest. The results of our own experiments we compared with the literature data. The last part deals with the economy of growing selected crops.
|
|
|
Cultivation of Poopy (Papaver somniferum L.) and its food and other utilization
DUFFEK, Josef
This thesis deals with in the Czech Republic traditionally cultivated crop, and that is the poppy. The aim of my thesis is to summarize the findings in the literature search about the requirements and characteristics of the poppy, to find out his demands on growing, yield components, quality parameters and on the basis of literary research to recommend current and future growers an appropriate technology for the cultivation of this crop. In my thesis I focused on poppy cultivation technology from sowing to harvest, also on its quality and utilization.
|
|
|
Amaranth unconventional food in human nutrition
ŠESTÁKOVÁ, Irena
The subject of the Bachelor thesis is amaranth as an innovative component in human nutrition. Genus Amaranthus L. belongs to the family of Amaranthaceae. Amaranth is an annual dicotyledonous C4 plant. The seeds are smooth, lenticular and in cultural species are pink or yellow up to cream-colored. In the Czech Republic the weight of thousands of seeds circles around 0.6 to 0.8 grams. The whole aboveground part of the plant is edible. Usually people consume only seeds and leaves. Plant species grown for its seeds are Amaranthus hypochondriacus, Amaranthus cruentus and Amaranthus caudatus. Some species are grown as a leaf vegetable, such as Amaranthus tricolor, Amaranthus dubius and Amaranthus gangeticus. Plants are resistant to the higher salinity and have increased ability to draw nutrients from the soil. The plants are able to manage with the supply of soil moisture; therefore it fits also in drier areas. During the vegetation it is necessary to get rid of weeds, especially removing related wild plants whose seeds cannot be separated from cultural forms. Amaranth seeds ripen unevenly. The date of the harvest is selected depending on the variety, sowing date and weather conditions. Suitable storage humidity is 12%. Yield in our conditions varies between 600 and 2400 kg / ha. The estimated yield per hectare varies between 4 and 14 tons of fresh leaves. The use of amaranth in food industry has a wide range such as bakery, meat industry, children's nutrition, pharmaceutical industry, cosmetic industry and energy industry. Amaranth is from the nutritional standpoint, highly prized plant. The content of proteins is about 18%. Amaranth protein is important in terms of higher lysine content, therefore if it is appropriately used in someone´s diet, it can replace animal protein. Carbohydrates of amaranth are listed in quantities of over 60 %, the most important carbohydrate of amaranth is starch, which has an extremely small grain (1 2 ?m) and it is useful for nutrition, where it can be part of easily digestible nutritional beverages and products. Fats of amaranth are in the range of 6 - 8 %. From the dietary point of view, it is important to sustain high content of unsaturated fatty acids and squalene, which is known for its antioxidant and chemoprotective effect. Another components of amaranth oil are phytosterols, which have a preventive effect against atherosclerosis. Other important ingredients of amaranth are substances such as phenolic flavonoid rutin, which increases the resistance of capillary walls and improves the absorption of vitamin C in the intestines. Amaranth is an excellent source of vitamins and minerals. However, Amaranth grain and leaves also contain anti-nutritional and toxic substances. By the influence of the selective breeding, way of storage and processing such substances in the plant gradually decreased. Researches have shown that amaranth has wide preventive effect. It does not cause any allergic reactions and does not contain gluten. For that reason it is suitable for inclusion in the diet of coeliacs. Amaranth contains antihypertensive peptide and in diabetics it reduces the risk of a lack of insulin in the blood and it has been shown and anticancer effect. Eating amaranth has a positive effect on the immune system and body supply of iron. Amaranth is also a good ingredient in nutritional drinks and enteral nutrition. The suitability of this crop in the diet of all age groups is indisputable. In seniors it affects cell regeneration and metabolism, and in children the importance of lysine, which promotes the formation of new brain cells. Amaranth is for its toughness and content of many nutrients, minerals and vitamins referred to as the third crop Millennium, which may be one of the solutions to food shortages in developing countries.
|
|
|
Growing and usage of hemp in Czech Republic
KOMÁRKOVÁ, Jana
The aim is to summarize information on growing possibilities of using hemp in the CR. Hemp is dioecious and monoecious crop that is grown for seed, fiber and biomass. In our area most often grown for seed, it is easier to harvest. In 2012 the Czech Republic had sown 275 ha of arable land. On the Czech market, the use of crops still growing. Businesses use it in many sectors, such as thermal insulation in the construction industry. In cosmetics it is used mainly due to oil which contains unsaturated fatty acids, hemp products and achieve demonstrable medicinal effects in diseases eczema and psoriasis. In 2013, also in Volary opened the first hemp bath with us, which thus became the largest in Europe. The work is prepared by literature review summarizes the knowledge of the botanical characteristics, principles of cultivation, utilization, economics, regulation and the growing use of state policy. Addendum to the literary section contains contact with growers and processors (questionnaire, hemp yields, photographic documentation of plants and products).
|
|
|
Assessment of small machinery for processing and soil cultivation acording to selected indicators of exploitation
PAVELA, Josef
The first part of thesis is written as a literary review, which deals with the basic information of soil composition, the importance of soil in agriculture and the methods of soil tillage. It follows dividing of small tractors, machinery and tools for primary soil tillage, the soil preparation before sowing and planting and the soil cultivation. A literary review is concluded by an analysis of exploitation, economic and environmental indicators. The second part of thesis is formulated as the methodical way The methodology deals with measurement of operational tests, which means the time-frames measuring of selected rotary tillers. The thesis presents the results of measuremens of selected rotary tillers MOUNTFIELD MS 16 IN and VARI IV GLOBAL and compares the them. The conclusion of the thesis deals with an evaluation of the results, achieved by measurement.
|
|
|
Investigation of chlamydia urogenital tract
BENDOVÁ, Radka
The subject of this bachelor paper is chlamydiae examination in urogenital tract via the method of cultivation. The aim of this paper is to test the cultivation method of diagnosis Chlamydia trachomatis on a tissue of culture, to evaluate the outcome according to individual criteria in a given period and to compare the outcome with the literary data. The virology laboratory in hospital in České Budějovice, a.s. Is equiped for the culture tissue preparation and for this method they use uncommon line of cells BGM, which is not commonly used in the world. In this department this line has proven and so they use it since 1985, when they received it. This paper informs about the present situation of chlamydiae, their clasification according to phylogenetic and genome bacterial analysis, about their occurence, growth cycle and multiplication. The paper also focuses on chlamydiae infections divided into ocular and urogenital infection and their treatment. The overview of present issues is finished by the methods of evidence, direct and indirect evidence. In the direct evidence there are described the issue cultures their preparation and cultivation. This method was verified in the practical part of my bachelor paper. For this bachelor paper I was provided with samples from urogenital tract which were evaluated in three categories: positive, negative and imposible to evaluate (samples were overgrown with bacteria or yeast cells and it was imposible to evaluate them). They were mostly smears from urethra and cervix (at women) or from urethra only (at men). The number of all samples was 159 and they were examined during the period from 18th October to 5th December 2011. Chlamydiae grew on issue cultures for 48 hours and then they were died with modified colouring Macchiavella. 127 examples (79.9%) coloured by this technique were evaluated from the total number. Ambiguous samples were coloured by the monoclonal antidote against Chlamydia trachomatis. 32 samples (20.1%) were coloured using this technique from the total number.I also evaluated the samples according to age. Unusually high was positivity (42.2%) at women at the age of 26-46. Which includes the highest number of samples (54.2%) of women from the total number. It mostly concerned pacients with gynaecological difficulties who were never examined and treated or they had a chronical infection which can be treated with difficulties and inclinates to relapse. At men the highest number of samples (56.1%) from the total number was at the age of 26-46 but only 13% were positive. The difference is given by the size of samples and also at men the occurence of chronical infection is less common.
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Blastocystis in domestic birds
HRDLIČKOVÁ, Jaroslava
During 2010, faeces samples for parasitology research oriented on Blastocystis were collected from an anonymous farm. A total of 55 samples were collected (of them for 10 faeces samples from hens, ducks and geese and 25 from pigeons). The samples were cultured in Dobell-Leidlaw medium and viewed by light microscopy. However, this method led to only two foundings of Blastocystis (one from hen, the other from pigeon). Thus, PCR and nested-PCR with specific primers were later used for better detection of Blastocystis. The samples for PCR detection were not collected from the aforementioned farm, but they originated from a collection of isolated DNA samples that was available on the Parasitology institute of AS CR. The results of PCR were checked after electrophoresis and verified by sequenation. The obtained sequences of bird-isolated Blastocystis were phylogenetically analysed and as described to subtype 7.
|
guest ::
