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Analysis of selected effects on milk production and fetility in holstein cattle herd
KAUTSKÁ, Jitka
Cattle production plays a very important role in agriculture and economics. It provides key inputs to crop production, but it also forms an integral part of human nutrition. For us the most bred cash breed is Holstein cattle. Its share of the total cow population in the Czech Republic is now 57 percent. The average yield in Holstein cattle in the Czech Republic is 9000 kilograms of milk, making us one of the major EU countries. The aim of my bachelor?s dissertation was to evaluate selected influences on milk yield and fertility in high productive herd of Holstein cattle. Evaluation was hold in ?Agropodnik Košetice, stock company? Chyšná on the farm where is kept 389 Holstein milking cows. On milk cows were monitored indicators such as milk yield in kilograms of milk, lactation, age at first calving, calving month, height in loins, the length of service period and the course of involution of the uterus. From the ascertained results emerge a provable impact sequence from lactation and calving month on milk yield. Milk production in the first lactation was 9 526.97kg, 2nd lactation was 9 727.96kg, 3rd lactation was 10 628.06kg and 4th and other lactations were 11 272.52 kg. In the autumn there was higher milk production at milk cows were calved and the production was 11 163.48kg. The cows calved in summer was yield about 836 kg less. The influence of the length of uterine involution service period was statistically highly significant difference (P ? 0.001) between the healthy group and the group treated within 40 days. The length of a service period was 142.63 days at healthy cows. Cows that treated the longest took about 251 days. As statistically significant (P ? 0.01) was shown the influence of the height of loins at first born calf on milk yield in kilograms of milk. Highest heifers in the herd produced milk at 1 lactation of 10 222.94 kg. Cows with a height in loins up to 142 cm and from 143 cm to 146 cm produced the lactation about 1000 kg lower. Also, the impact of age at first calving and the yield in kilograms of milk on fertility was found to be statistically significant (P ? 0.01). At cows calved at the age of 652-700 days was the longest service period 176.86 days. Cows calved at the age of 751 days had the length of service period 118.67 days. As statistically insignificant was evaluated only the impact sequence of lactation on service period. The results show the importance of herd management, because whichever monitored has impact on affecting the economic efficiency of milk production.
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The performance and fertility of pasture reared Holstein heifers
NEJEDLÁ, Alice
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the parameters of the milk performance, reproduction indicators and health of Holstein cows that were raised on pasture. The data were obtained from 50 pure bred animals and its crossbreeds which had been grazed and the control group which was represented by 20 heifer which had been reared in stable. The evaluation of parameters was set on the first standardized lactation in the range of 240 to 305 days. The first lactation milk performance traits were: quantity of milk (kg), quantity and content of fat (kg; %), quantity and content of protein (kg; %). The fertility traits were: length of service period (days), insemination interval (days), age at first calving (days).
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Analysis of selected indicators of milk production and fertility in the herd of Holstein cattle
KÁŠKOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor work is focused on the analysis of the selected indicators in a flock of miliking the cattle, which can affect the levels of milk and reproductive performance. Monitoring the factors at the workplace of the exiled Agrospol Mladá Vožice a.s., which behaves like a Holstein and Simmental cattle. Since 2008, the company used převodné crossing of Czech pied cattle on Holstein cattle. In 2012, the number of cows in an average of 249 329 pieces in milk. For the analysis of selected indicators have been monitored 190 pieces of dairy cows, according to the genotype, the order of lactation and age at first calving. Sighted in a herd of dairy cows, in groups sorted according to the genotype of the best results of a reproduction H 99-88 and that the collection interval (78 days), service period (80 days) and the intervening period (365 days). The worst performers were from the genotype (H) 100. The collection interval was 77 days, a service period of 105 days, and in the meantime, 390 days. According to the order of lactation of dairy cows on the other were the best lactation (collection interval 78 days, a service period of 87 days and in the meantime, 374 days). The worst performers were dairy cows at the fifth and later lactation (collection interval 78 days, 114 days and the period of service in the meantime, 401 days). According to the age at first calving have Calved in the age of prvotelky 661-720 days for best results (77 days interval, collection service period 85 days and in the meantime, 370 days) and prvotelky Calved in the age of 721-780 days have the worst results (the collection interval 77 days, service period and the interim 100 380 days). Overall reproductive performance can be assessed as good. In all indicators of milk yield, would appear to be the best kříženky H 87-75 (12.016 kg milk fat, 3.65%, 3.35% protein). According to the order of lactation were the best results at the fourth lactation (11 772,34 kg milk, 3.55% fat and 3.29% protein). According to the age at first calving had the best performance under 660 days Calved prvotelky (11 018,46 kg milk, 3.48% fat and 3.21% protein). From the results of the abovementioned indicators it strongly suggest that the fertility indicators are at a very good level, even when their performance is over 10 000 kg of milk. The higher genetic potential of cows for milk production, the higher the demands on management of the herd. As a result, it is important to pay due attention to nutrition and health status of dairy cows high utility.
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Evaluation of different procedures used for insemination of cows of Holstein cattle
JINDRÁKOVÁ, Monika
The high-production dairy cows have problems with fertility, because there is negative correlation between fertility and milk production. Very often the problem with fertility is connected with cumulative number of quiet, indistinctive ruts. Such a problem causes prolongation of service period, increases consumption of insemination doses and rises the number of veterinary acts. Therefore new possibilities are searched to ensure satisfying fertility of cows.The objective of this work was to evaluate different procedures for insemination of cows of Holstein cattle. The research proceeded at agricultural company Kosova Hora, which has two stables with dairy cows. The controlled reproduction by means of hormones is used at cow-shed in Janov, whereas the natural reproduction when a cattleman looks for rutting cows is used at cow-shed in Kamenice. The way of stockbreeding, stabling and feeding was very similar in both cow-sheds. There were 203 dairy cows of Holstein cattle (H100%) or crossbreed dairy cows of Czech spotted cattle (H75 and more) included in survey. Reproductive indices (such as insemination interval, service period, meantime and the age of a cow when first calves) and also indices of milk efficiency in 1 kg of milk (for 100, 200 and 305 days of lactation) were monitored. The period of insemination interval was about 16,81 days shorter in the cow-shed where hormones (84,36; 101,17 days) were applied with confirmation statistically highly significant difference at the level of significance P < 0,001. There was no statistically significant difference when the duration of service period was measured. The duration of service period was on the same level in both cow-sheds (162,12; 162,84 days). When the outcomes of both cow-sheds were summarized the difference in the duration of meantime was found. With usage of synchronization the difference was 19,20 days, but without statistical demonstrativeness (P < 0,05) at the level 410,28; 429,48 days. When indices of milk efficiency were measured there were not found statistically significant differences as for the whole lactation (9 926,19; 9 749,48 kg of milk) and also for individual sections of lactation (100 days about 30,96 kg of milk more at the cow-shed without synchronization; 200 days about 78,44 kg of milk more at the cow-shed with synchronization).
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Analysis of dairy cattle herds
SCHÖNOVÁ, Eva
The aim of this thesis was to assess and evaluate the level of milk production and fertility in two breeds of dairy cattle studied. Studied were 41 Holstein cows (H) and 36 Czech Pied cattle (C). Cows were selected from a total of 310 pieces, were further divided into two groups according to genotype and in turn the last closed lactation. Cows were kept in the same technological conditions, at the same level of nutrition and care. The indicators of fertility was observed insemination interval and service period. Length of insemination interval in Holstein cows was longer (66,22 days) than in Czech Pied cattle (64,58 days). Length of service period in dairy cows of Holstein cattle was at 142,10 days and Czech Pied cattle 149,94 days. Differences in both parameters were not statistically significant. The performance indicators were monitored in milk volume and content of individual components in milk - % fat, protein and lactose. The average fat content of Holstein cows was lower (3,95 %) than in cows of Czech Pied cattle (3,98 %). The average protein content in dairy cows reached 3,32 % Holstein and Czech Pied cattle 3,48 % at P ? 0,001, and average content of lactose in dairy cows of Holstein cattle was 4,89 % while the Czech Pied cattle were at the same level (4,89 % respectively 4,90 %). The average yield of Holstein cows for standardized lactation was 8 504,88 kg of milk per lactation, reaching a 9 459,81 kg of milk. The Czech Pied cattle sires in both cases, the average yield is lower by 1 640,35 kg of milk or a 1 513,17 kg of milk at P ? 0,001. From an economic evaluation of milk production in a joint breeding both breeds were found in Holstein cattle favorable indicators. Over the entire lactation, the difference (at the actual realization prices of CZK 8,66 / liter of milk in 2011) 13 104,06 CZK / l of milk.
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biorhythm in dairy cattle herds
PETŘIČKOVÁ, Dana
Cílem diplomové práce bylo vyhodnotit u stáda plemenic holštýnského skotu denní biorytmus jednotlivých kategorií chování a podchytit případné změny v průběhu pastevního období. Dále bylo cílem vyjádřit vztah pastvy a užitkovosti na základě dat ze sestav kontroly užitkovosti (kg mléka, % tuku, % bílkovin a % laktózy) a ukazatele plodnosti (inseminační interval a servis perioda).
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Utility and fertility of herd of milked cattle
NEJDLOVÁ, Emilie
The aim of this thesis was to analyze milk yield and fertility in dairy cattle herds ? combined (Czech Pied cattle) and dojného utility type (Holstein cattle ) in the same breeding system. Further culling was evaluated, the cost of feeding a day and milk production. Observations were carried out in the company Podhoran Černíkov, as in the time sequence of zootechnical 2 years (1st 10th 2009 - 30 9th 2011). By tracking a total of 310 cows of which 47 cows of Czech Pied cattle C1 (C 100 %), breeding hybrids participation of Czech Fleckvieh with Holstein and Red Holstein breed C2 (C 75 ? 88 %) 53 pieces and C3 (C 50 to 74 %) 38 pieces, the cows of Holstein breed H1 (H 100 % ) 158 pieces, the unit crosses with Czech Holstein cattle piebald H3 (H 75 ? 87 %) 10 pieces, and H4 (H 60 ? 74 %) 4 pcs. Furthermore, the basic data set is divided according to genotype into two groups: 138 pieces of Czech Fleckvieh cows and 172 cows of Holstein breed pc. When evaluating the performance files were still divided into two in order of lactation on the first, second and more. Viewed indicators for evaluation of milk production were: number of lactation, lactation length (days), the amount of milk (kg), fat content (%), production of milk fat (kg), protein content in milk (%), production of proteins in milk (kg), lactose content in milk (%). The fertility parameters were observed: genotype, age at first calving (days), insemination interval (days), service period (days) and interval (days). Further culling was still considered, the cost of feed per day (CZK) and the cost of 1 liter of milk (CZK). When combined, mixed breed (Czech Pied cattle) and utility type (Holstein cattle) is necessary for herd management to allow for different feed consumption. Commercial breeding of different types in a joint breeding achieve different levels of performance for the benefit performance of Holstein cattle. Higher productivity of breeding Holstein cattle fertility and deteriorating indicators since these must be spend more time in searching for the rut to ensure reproduction of the desired level. A lower yield reaching Czech Fleckvieh breeding in specific terms the average results. Due to the achieved performance for both types of utility can say good job in management.
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