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Senoir suicides
MÁCHOVÁ, Vendula
SENIOR SUICIDES I have chosen the problem of senior suicide as the topic of my bachelor degree thesis . At the begining of the theoretical part I have described all forms of suicidal behaviour such as suicidal thoughts, suicidal tendencies, suicidal attempt and completed suicide. I took a closer look at the completed suicide. I have described the phenomenon of suicide from different points of view of medical doctors, psychologists, philosophers and other specialists. I have mentioned the types of suicide such as premeditated suicide, demostrative suicidal behaviour, impulsive suicidal behaviour and group suicides. I have also examined Ringel´s presuicidal syndrom, ways of suicidal behaviour and the development of suicidal tendencies. I have also described the medical, socilogical and psychological theories of suicidal behaviour. At the end of the theoretical part I focused on the old age itself and the suicidal behaviour at this life period. I described the biological features of aging as well as the changes of behaviour in the old age. As the main reasons for the senior suicidal behaviour often stem from old age related problems such as depression, long-term somatic illness, death of the life partner, retirement, social isolation, institutionalization or drinking problem, I have focused on these phenomena in particular. The last chapter deals with the prevention of suicidal behaviour in the old age. The aim of the practical part was to carry out a survey of senior suicide in the South Bohemian, Ústecký, Liberecký region and the region of the capital of Prague and to compare the number of senior sucides in these regions. The survey focused on the development of the number of suicides in seniors over 65 years of age with view to education, sex, the way of conducting suicide, size of town and the month of death in 2005 and 2006. I have used the statistic data of the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic. The results of the survey prooved that the senior suicides are more frequent in men with lower education from smaller towns and the most frequent way of commiting suicide is the intentional self-harm by hanging, strangeling and suffocating. The thesis could be used for further survey or the prevention of senior siucidal behaviour.
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Analysis of the impact of some macroeconomic indicators on the suicide rate
Pešatová, Martina ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
This work answers a question whether there is a relationship between a suicide rate and a real GDP as an indicator of business cycle, and an unemployment rate in the Czech Republic. Some other variables are also used in the analysis, because the suicide rate can be influenced by many other factors. The relationship between the real GDP and the suicide rate was not proved and the relationship between the suicide rate and the unemployment is unclear. But dependence of the suicide rate on the alcohol consumption and a proportion of elderly population were identified.
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The Questions of the Beginning and the End of Human Life
ČADOVÁ, Marie
This work deals with the problems of conception, gravidity and abortion in the first part and in the second part than deals with problems of death and dying. It concerns two cut-off points, which are component parts of human life. The first part surveis the biginning of human life and tries to find answers for questions, which have a connection with the conception, artifical insemination, surrogative maternity and abortion. It describes paradoxes, which comes from such situations. It appreciates this paradoxes in the wiev of medicin, ethics, psychology and law. The second part describes the end of the human life in several forms. It broods killing, suicide and euthansia in aspects of the psychology, medicine, law and ethics. In the end it describes the palliative care as an alternativ to euthansia.
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THE CONTRIBUTION TO STUDY AND PREVENTION OF EPHEBIC SUICIDIES.
TOMANOVÁ, Lucie
The theme of my graduation theses is ?The contribution to study and prevention of ephebic suicides?. More and more attention has been payed to problems of suicide behavior nowadays. But the prevention of suicide behavior has not been properly described yet and open to the public especially to teachers and pedagogical workers. It is necessary to focuse on a group of teenagers because there are more suicide attempts among these young people recently. Psychologists and doctors as well as teachers and pedagogical workers should pay more attention to these problems. Good knowledge of these problems and a readiness to help could often prevent suicide attempts. In the first / theoretical part I will describe problems of suicide behavior with a view to a group of teenagers. Basic terms will be explained, I will describe kinds of suicides, the influence of age, gender, seasons and week days on comitting suicides. I will define a suicide with a view to medical, psychological and sociological aspects. At the end of this part I will write about myths and facts concerning suicides and about the prevention of suicide behavior. In the second / practical part I will use a comparative method to confront case studies of teenagers who tried to commit suicide. I will search for especially pedagogical aspects and marks leading to the determination of abnormal behaviour to be able to prevent teenagers from comitting suicides.
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Problems of Nursing the Patients Self-intoxicated in Suicidal Intention.
DRÁBKOVÁ, Iveta
Suicide as an individual event as well as a social phenomenon attracts great interest and attention in various spheres, both in the immediate environment of the self-murderer and in broader public. The definition of suicide differs according to authors and changes in the course of historical development. Most definitions are identical in two essential aspects of suicidal behavior. These are a voluntary individual's intention to terminate his life and a purposeful behaviour leading to death. Suicide is the conscious and intentional killing of oneself. About 95% of suicidal attempts are just acute intoxications by any amount or kind of a poisonous substance. Acute intoxication belongs to a group of serious conditions threatening human health and life. Acute poisoning is one of the frequent admission diagnoses in the Departments of anesthesiology and resuscitation and Intensive care units. 80% of poisonings are caused by drugs. Damage to the organism by ingesting a poisonous substance is the more significant the longer is the interval between the exposure to noxae and the professional medical assistance provision. For the future fate of the patient the medical equipment and the competence of health professionals who provide intensive care for these patients is crucial. After stabilization of all physiological functions, balancing inner environment of the patient and after the time that may have led to late complications of intoxication, the following phase of treatment is provided by psychological and psychiatric interventions. Determination of suicidal risk among the most common challenge in urgent psychiatry is suicide risk assessment. The aim is to prevent further suicide attempts. The objective of the thesis was to determine, with regard to the competence of nurses, the predominant character of patients´ experience after intoxication, and also the reasons for aggressive behavior of intoxicated patients towards the nursing staff. The third objective was to establish a standard of nursing care of intoxicated patients. The research was designed as explorative with the goal to map the nursing process in intoxicated patients and to provide information for the establishment of the standard of nursing care, which should include both somatic and psychological aspects. Quantitative and qualitative methods were combined. The outcomes of the thesis should lead to detection of the most frequent problems in nursing care for patients with intentional intoxication with suicidal tendency and the establishment of nursing standards to help improve the care of these patients.
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Specifics of suicide related to men and women
MISAŘ, Vladimír
Suicides are paid close attention in most countries all over the world as the number of this serious negative social problem shows rising tendency. Suicides are the major concern as they are spread in all age groups and their numbers have evidently been on the rise. The Bachelor thesis, in accordance with the goals stated, maps and develops the problem of men and women´s suicides in the South Bohemian region compared to those within the Czech Republic from 2004 to 2007. The theoretical part deals with a specific description of suicides in the Czech Republic including current numbers, depicting the centre of the problem, types, risk factors and causes of suicidal behaviour. The last chapter is focused on prevention and professional help which seems to be the only reliable safeguard. The practical part presents findings of a quantitative research. To complete the goals and verify the hypotheses, there were used a secondary data analysis based on the records of the Police of the Czech Republic and the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic and an analysis of committed suicides, casuistries of completed suicides.
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Care for suicidal patients provided by the health rescuers.
BENDOVÁ, Lenka
Drives to persons demonstrating a suicidal intent are demanding especially for the mental condition of interveners, due to its emotional intensity as well as the awareness of responsibility for a human life that may be rescued, if a suitable intervention procedure is chosen, but also easily lost, if the intervener fails in the suicide{\crq}s eyes. A well chosen intervention may revert the suicide{\crq}s wish to die. For that reason, the rescue workers should be given the best possible preparation before this situation occurs in reality. The objective of my thesis was to find out whether the participating paramedics in the role of respondents proceed according to the valid standards (the type plan) or not, and if they do not, to what extent their methods, to which adhere in their practice, differ from the recommended standards. To obtain the necessary data, I used an anonymous questionnaire, aimed at the staff of the Emergency Medical Service of the Region of South Bohemia, working in the position of a paramedic. The questions were aimed at the possibility to obtain expert information concerning the subject in question, the frequency of drives to persons demonstrating a suicidal intent, composition and work of the intervention team on the spot of the event, and comparing the opinions of the procedure in the course of the intervention with standards recommended. The first hypothesis established, which was supposed to confirm that paramedics know the standards (the type plan or any other plan) of work with persons demonstrating a suicidal intent, was not confirmed because most of the respondents answered that they did not know these standards. The second hypothesis was partly confirmed. To improve professional knowledge concerning work with persons demonstrating a suicidal intent I propose a training course for paramedics, led by experts.
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Depression in Old Age
MAŠTEROVÁ, Monika
This thesis is theoretical and it engage in problems of the depression, in particular depression in old age. It divide in four chapters. In first chapter mentioned a characteristic deppresion. Here is a description, what is the depression and that exit some questionnaires, what make find, whether is a man it distress. Further here is mentioned it occurrence, history, mythes, causes, symptoms, types, treatment and consequences. In second chapter talk about age and growing old and their concomitant changes physical, mental and social. The third chapter devote a characteristic depression in old age, it occurrence, some differences between depression and demence, causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention. The fourth chapter present five stories of some people, who suffer from the depressions.
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The patient after the suicidal attempt in the psychiatric department
JÁCHYMOVÁ, Romana
Suicide, one of malfunctions of self-preservation, is the act of intentionally terminating one own´s life. Suicidal behaviour may be an extreme solution to a situation when a person has feelings of desperation and hopelessness. The persons with suicidal thoughts do not know any other ways out of unbearable emotional or physical suffering than to end their lives. Persons who have thoughts about suicide are often considered to be weak, inadequate dangerous, mentally ill. The best defense against this stigmatization is the full awareness both of the medical staff and the public of the character, the course and consequencies of such a behaviour. The role of a nurse is very important. When she has enough knowledge and is able to show empathy, then she can help effectively. The objective of my thesis was to find out how life of a person changes after a suicidal attempt, how he or she percieves and views that act afterwards. I also examine how the attitude to life has changed not only in persons who attempted suicide but also how their kins approach the problem. The aim was accomplished. Quantitative research was used and data obtained were evaluated. I analysed ten case studies and complex casuistics. Data were gained by the method of a structured interview. Respondents were adult patients in the psychiatric unit in the hospital České Budějovice, Inc.who were hospitalized due to their suicidal behaviour. My thesis may be mainly used to enhance awareness on the issue. The data will be handed over to other members of the medical staff and presented at medical workshops.
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Productive working teams.
VRBKOVÁ, Eva
This graduation thesis is concerned with the role of a psychologist in the work team building. The organisation where I did the qualitative research work was Police of the Czech Republic. I wanted to confirm or rebut the assertion that the role of psychologist in police teams buliding is irreplaceable. I used methods of questioning, interview and observation. Police teams are created to solve some issues (e.g. drug-traffic) or a concrete crime (e.g. a murder). I found out that police teams are built by supervisors. They are choosing team members in accordance with their specialization, skills and experience. The police psychologists have no dealing with the team building. Police psychologists pick new policemen {--} they test their memory, reactions (this test examines functions of celebral cortex) and intelligence. New policemen also have to pass a test of personality. All these tests are necessary, because police work is extremely exacting. Next police psychologist´s task is policemen training. Psychologists teach them the assertivity, how to cope with stress and how to deal with a suicide. Very important part of police psychologists´ job is a consulting service, which can involve policemen, their wives and kids. Police psychologists offer the post-traumatic care as well. This care is established for policemen who used a gun, who are investigating death of a child or some grave murder. Police psychologists are working as investigation´s consultants, especially by investigation of self-murders, rapes, maltreatment with children. They help to ease the situation, to calm down the sufferer, they also help by the questioning and they instruct policemen how to behave to the sufferer.
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