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Postoperative treatment in case mammary reconstruction operation for female after ablation.
BOUŘILOVÁ, Hana
Abstract A woman{\crq}s breast represents one of the most important attribute of women beauty. This is why any congenitally conditioned anomaly is usually perceived very sorely. The impact an ablative operation has on a woman is thus more than obvious. Breast loss or deformation for treatment purposes affects a woman in two spheres. With the fear of further treatment procedures, health condition development and further fate most women are scared of how a loss of such a dominant femininity symbol will change their lives. The effort to have a new breast created is often as important as the exactly performed primary operation for an affected woman. It actually relates to recovery of self-reliance and self-confidence in social life of such a woman. A reconstruction operation to create a new breast belongs to very complicated and painful operations. The subsequent post operation period is difficult for the patient and the postoperative regime is strict. The nursing care is long and intensive and it is limiting and burdening for a patient. Nevertheless a woman takes courage to undergo all that and bear all the difficulties linked to the intervention patiently. However such a physical but particularly mental change it brings is worth it. The aim of the thesis was to find out how a woman approaching the operation perceives the nursing care. The next aim was to find how the nursing care affects a patient after such an operation. Six women hospitalized at two different surgery wards were invited to participate in the research. Four patients, one of which was taken to the surgical ward and the three others to the casualty and plastic surgery ward, agreed with the interview. A research question focused on the nursing care perceived from the viewpoint of a patient revealed that patients mainly concentrated on the surgery intervention itself and its success, while the nursing care acts were perceived as a burden and they even became bothering during the time. Another research question was focused on finding how nursing care might affect the course of hospitalization. With regard to the conditions the patients were taken to the nursing personnel was perceived very positively by the patients. Their approach and behaviour helped the patient stand the distress of the postoperative regime and they finally felt satisfied with the hospitalization course. Upon the discovered facts this thesis should clarify the issues of hospitalization to nurses, so as they are able to get a better insight into the patients{\crq} feelings and their perception of nursing care. To be able to focus their care more efficiently and provide it with the knowledge that helps them care about a patient in the demanding conditions from the somatic point of view but also be supportive in the mental sphere. To focus more intensely on communication in the early postoperative period and on helpful approach, which is very important for a patient, as a nurse has possibility to influence a patient positively to a large extent. With regard to the facts discovered we may form a hypothesis that improper environment has negative influence on a patient{\crq}s psyche. The other hypothesis may be a statement that suitable communication may influence patient{\crq}s welfare during hospitalization positively.
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The employment of medical assistants in acute nursing care
JIRÁKOVÁ, Marcela
The thesis is aimed at to what extent nursing assistants are used for providing acute nursing care and whether nursing assistants are interested in providing nursing care, and, in addition, it focuses on what the attitude of the management to employ nursing assistants is. Moreover, it deals with the historical development of the nursing education until today and with the impact on education of non-medical staff after the Czech Republic joined the European Union. It deals with legislation and decrees in force laying down conditions of work of non-medical staff {--} defining professions and their members, defining the scope of work (primary, secondary, tertiary care), defining requirements for obtaining a certificate of professional competence, defining lifelong learning, defining job competences etc. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to find out how much the services of nursing assistants are used in acute nursing care and whether they are interested in working in this area. The instrument for gaining these targets was the quantitative method in a form of a questionnaire intended for the pupils in the 4th grade at the Medical Secondary Schools in České Budějovice and Český Krumlov, specialization Nursing Assistant, and then the qualitative method in a form of a semi-standardized interview conducted with the middle and low management, in particular ward sisters and nursing officers on wards with acute beds. The questionnaire responses were plotted in graphs using descriptive statistics, interviews were summarized in a paper and synoptic charts. The results ascertained were described and evaluated in terms of disproving or proving the hypothesis and in terms of findings based on the questions raised in the final discussion.
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Problems of Women in the Postnatal Time Period.
CHARVÁTOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis is a theoretic {--} research work directed to the problems of women in the postnatal time period. The bachelor thesis summarizes basic information not only about physiological confinement, but also about possible complidcations that may occur in the course of this time period. All these problems involve Health, psychical and social spheres are involved into these problems. The practical part presents the results of the research focussed on finding the problems that the the women go through during the time of their hospitalization in the obstetrical ward after the childbirth as well as on the problems of the women´s acquaintance with these problems.
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Newborn individualized developmental care of the babies born before week 32 their gestation age from the view of the nursing staff
TROUPOVÁ, Jitka
Currently, the care of premature newborn infants and their parents is mainly focused on the so-called Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP) that is aimed at protection of the developing central nervous system of a premature child.The aim of nursing care is to help premature child to cope with the premature delivery. To adjust the environment and the way of care so it suits the individual needs of every child. The support of the parental role and the efforts to involve parents in the care of a newborn infant as early as possible are stressed. The following objectives were defined in the diploma thesis. To process experience with introducing new forms of the developmental care of excessively or extremely premature newborn infants from the point of view of nursing. To characterize current provision of individualized developmental care of newborn infants born before week 32 of gestation. To map the role of the nurse in delivering individualized developmental care and to find out how parents perceive the developmental care of excessively and extremely premature newborn infants. 4 research questions were raised on the basis of the objectives of the thesis. Which forms of the individualized developmental care are used in care of a newborn infant born before week 32 of gestation most? Which problems do nurses have to cope when employing individualized developmental care in the day-to-day care of newborn infants born before week 32 of gestation with and which roles of nurses are applied most when providing care? How do parents of newborn infants born before week 32 of gestation perceive the care of their child included in the individualized developmental care? The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the issue of excessively and extremely premature newborn babies, characteristics of the individualized developmental care and the nursing strategies, the role of a nurse and the role of parents. The practical part is focused on the qualitative research. The results of the research suggest the nurses have included the individualized developmental care into the nursing care of premature newborn infants at the Department of Neonatal Medicine in the Hospital in České Budějovice, however, not in its full extent. The parents perceive the included aspects of this care positively,the nursing staff is important. The research has identified problems nurses have to cope with when they implement this care and what the reserves in the implementation are. A map of the individualized developmental care that can be used by nurses in practice is the result of the research.
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Cooperation between nurse and client´s relations hospitalizationed in house department
JÍLKOVÁ, Veronika
Medical workers, patients and family members are three groups, which often meet in demanding and critical situations, which they tend to experience in different ways. That is why the inforamtion leak may occur and also the basic conditions are not met (and this applies not only to clients, but also to specialists). Nurses should be opened to communication with family members and regularly offer them the exchange of informations. If the family comes with new ideas, we should be able to find a way to transform them into our profession. We should be able to counsel the family on where to get help or additional informations, or coordinate them. The cooperation between medical workers and family members creates the sanctuary of peace, where the patient and his family feel much better then they used to in the times, when profesionals used to be too much authoritative The subject of my bachelors work is the cooperation between nurses, family members and clients hospitalizated on the ward of internal medicine. The aim is to find out, how nurses percieve the family members of the clients hospitalized on the ward of internal medicine.find out which problems represent the greatest struggle for nurses, who have to deal with family memebers of hospitalized client. find out, whether the family members are satisfied with nursing staff on the ward of internal medicine. The vital informations were collected using the method of answering sheets, which were filled in by the nurses working on the ward of internal medicine and by the relatives of hospitalized clients on the ward of internal medicine of the České Budějovice Hospital. Hypothesis No. 1: `` The Hypothesis that the nurses in the internal department perceive the presence of the hospitalized patients{\crq} family members positively{\crqq} was confirmed. Hypothesis No. 2: `` The Hypothesis that the nurses are lacking the understanding of given information in the communication with the hospitalized patients{\crq} family members{\crqq} was not confirmed. Hypothesis No. 3: `` The Hypothesis that the hospitalized patients{\crq} family members are satisfied with cooperation with the attending personnel in the internal department{\crqq} was confirmed. I hope, that the findings made by me, will help widen the space for cooperation between nurses and family members of our patients, help realize better exchange of informations between families and nurses, which will lead to better treatment for our patiens.
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COMMUNICATION AS THE PART OF NURSING CARE
FIALOVÁ, Hana
My final project was divided into two parts- theoretical and practical one. In the theoretical part I focused on the definition of communication itself as well as the communication in terms of nursing care. In the practical part I am dealing with the results of the socilogical research based on the questionnaire. I interviewed the nurses in the Rest centre in České Budějovice and Žďár nad Sázavou. I also worked with a great deal of interviews with the clients in these two institutions.
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The role of nurse as regards the need of alimentation and hydratation of long-term patients
VOTAVOVÁ, Šárka
The need of nourishment and hydration are among the most basic physiological needs. An individual cannot be satisfied without the fulfillment of these needs. A healthy individual eats and drinks according to his needs. However, a long-term ward patient or an old person experiences a decreased need for nutrition and hydration. These patients must therefore be continually offered food and drink. A sick person often feels ashamed to ask favors from others. An unwritten rule states therefore, that a long-term lying patient should be offered a drink every time he is passed by. Here, nurses play an important part. Two aims were settled. (1) Find out how important nurses are to the long-term lying patient and his need of nutrition. (2) Find out how important nurses are to the long-term lying patient and his need of hydration Further, two hypotheses were set: H 1: Nurses take an active part in supplying the need of nutrition of the long-term lying patients. H 2: Nurses take an active part in supplying the need of hydration of the long-term lying patients. A structured questionnaire was chosen as the means of collecting data from nurses, while patients were questioned directly through an inquiry. Nurses included in this work come from long-term wards and elderly wards in České Budějovice, Písek, Strakonice and Horažďovice. The inquiry involved eighty long-term lying patients. It was presumed that the nurses play an irreplaceable part in supplying the patients with nutrition and hydration. These presumptions were inferred by this work. From the obtained results it is clear that nurses are very important for the needs of the patients. The aims and hypotheses were proved by both the nurses and the patients. This does not necessarily mean though, that the care offered to the patient could not be further improved. An active exchange of experience among the nursing establishments, concerning even the easiest issues such as nourishment and hydration in patients is highly recommended. The results of this work were already noticed and required by the head-nurses of wards in hospitals in České Budějovice and Písek.
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Knowledgeableness of patients before and after an operation of the intervention
PRSKAVCOVÁ, Hana
Based on the information within the Bachelor{\crq}s thesis titled {\clqq}Knowledgeableness of patients before and after an operation of the intervention``, which was aimed at the knowledge women have about pre-operative care before planned and acute caesarean section and about post-operative care, hypothesis 1. Women consider themselves to be well informed before the planned caesarean section. According to my research, this hypothesis was confirmed. Hypothesis 2. Before the caesarean section, women do not feel to be properly informed about the surgery. However, research did not confirm this second hypothesis. Hypothesis 3. Women that underwent the caesarean section are comfortable with the way they have been informed about the operation. The quantitative research method through questionnaires was used for data collection. The questionnaire contained 24 queries and was anonymous. The questionnaires were determined for women after the caesarean section and were issued at the Puerperium ward of the general hospital in České Budějovice. A total of 114 questionnaires were handed out and 111 of them were returned filled out, from which 103 of these were used within the final processing procedure. The results clearly show that women consider themselves as sufficiently informed before planned as well as acute caesarean section and consider themselves sufficiently informed of post-operative care.
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The need of lifelong education health care workers for assuring the nursing care in residential homes
MARTINOVSKÁ, Jaroslava
This paper is concerned with life-long learning during nursing practice in retirement homes. New advancements in the medical field foster the need for continual improvement of knowledge of nurses who work in these homes. Nurses play essential role in these institutions, and that is why they, their opinions, and their options have been chosen as a target for research. Theoretical part of this paper has been concerned with overall characteristics of the nursing profession; developments in nurse's education; characteristics and needs of aged people; and overall nurse-client relationship in retirement homes. The goal of the research was to find out opinions about, and options of life-long learning of medical workers in these institutions. Before the actual research, two hypotheses have been stated: H1 - retirement-home nursing staff must be educated on continuous basis; and H2 - retirement-homes do not offer such education. The actual research has been carried out through questionnaires, and standardised interviews. The research has revealed that the nursing staff is in need of life-long learning, and that retirement home institutions are satisfied with this fact, and support their nurses in the pursuit for education. Thus, hypothesis 1 has been confirmed; hypothesis 2 has not been confirmed. Based on the conclusive evidence of this research, some improvements have been proposed to nurses, and to management staff in the relevant retirement-homes.
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