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Effect of management on the vegetation and the species diversity of vascular plants and bryophytes of the Bohemian Forest{\crq}s fen meadows
VELEHRADSKÁ, Tereza
Effect of management on the vegetation, the species composition and the species diversity of vascular plants and bryophytes of fen meadows was studied. Relevés (4x4m2) were sampled at seven mown sites and at seven unmown sites across the Bohemian Forest and foothills of Bohemian Forest during the summer season of 2009. General linear models and methods of direct and indirect gradient analysis were used for evaluation of species data. The influence of management on differences in species composision of vascular plants and bryophytes was significant. The management had significant effect on the number of species of vascular plants, the number of Sphagnum species and the cover of Sphagnum species. The significant impact of management on the species diversity, the percentage share of rare species and the number of species and cover of all bryophytes was not found.
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Communities of epigeic beetles in the plantations of fast growing plant species for energetic purposes and in surrounding biotopes
JAHNOVÁ, Zuzana
The aim of the work was to study the communities of epigeic beetles in plantations of energetic plants (Dactylis glomerata, Arrhenatherum elatius, Phalaris arundinacea, Helianthus tuberosus) and in surrounding lawn biotope. The method of pitfall trapping was used for beetle sampling from 2008 to 2010 during the growing season. Carabid beetles (Carabidae) and rove beetles (Staphylinidae) were used as bioindicators. In total 69 species and 1789 individuals were captured and evaluated. Eurytopic species were more common than stenotopic in all habitats, also the value of the index of beetle communities was low in all plots. RDA analysis proved the influence of surrounding biotope on beetle communities. It was concluded that communities of epigeic beetles might be also affected by the climatic factors, long termed population fluctuations of individual species, edge effect and microclimate inside the vegetation.
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Communities of epigeic beetles in the plantations of fast growing plant species for energetic purposes
JAHNOVÁ, Zuzana
The aim of the work was to study the communities of epigeic beetles in plantations of fast growing plant species for energetic purposes. The method of pitfall trapping was used for beetle sampling. Four plots of fast growing plants were studied {--} Dactylis glomerata, Arrhenatherum elatius, Phalaris arundinacea and Helianthus tuberosus. Carabid beetles (Carabidae) and rove beetles (Staphylinidae) were used as bioindicators. It was found 18 species and 45 individuals of family Staphylinidae and 25 species and 594 individuals of family Carabidae (43 species nad 639 individuals in total). The highest number of species was found on plot of Dactylis glomerata (28 species) and the highest number of individuals was found on plot of Phalaris arundinacea (246 individuals). The majority of the beetles were carabid beetles belonging to the next species - Poecilus cupreus, Pseudophonus rufipes, Calathus fuscipes, Harpalus aeneus and Nebria brevicollis. These species occured in all plantations. Eurytopic species were more common than stenotopic in all habitats. The smallest value of index of human impact and so the biggest human impact was found in reed canary-grass. It is supposed that the communities were influenced by the surrounding biotope (lawn) and the weather during the period of experiment.
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The effect of different management on plant diversity and biomass production of grass stands
JÍLKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of different management practises on submontane meadow plant diversity, species richness and biomass production. The experiment was carried out in the submontane region Šumava (Kaplicko, Velký Chuchelec, Údolí Velenovského potoka). There were applied four types of management {--} continual grazing, mulching, fallow (Velký Chuchelec) and mowing (Údolí Velenovského potoka). Plant diverzity and hay production has been observing for three years. Obtained data were used for calculation Simpson and Hill index diverzity, value of fodder quality and nutritive and water regime (condition) of site. Values were used for statistical computing (ANOVA, Fischer LSD test). The plant species diverzity and biomass production are significantly affected by grassland management (treatment). Mulching and fallow lead to lower species richness and increases the coverage of grasses. Hay production is higher on mulching and fallow stands and on mowed stands than on continuously grazed stands. Mowing leads to higher species richness. Is necessary to conserve this status by mowing or the better way is to intesify contemporary management.
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