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The importance of Occupational Therapy in the rehabilitation of the elderly
PULKERTOVÁ, Jindřiška
Increasingly better living and working conditions, higher quality healthcare and social conditions are resulting in higher life expectancy more than ever. This is called population ageing. Illness or injury in older age causes various and specific problems which affect all personal areas of the elderly such as physical, emotional, social and spiritual status. It is the aim of rehabilitation to improve or restore those areas following personal injury or illness. One of the various professional disciplines contributing to the rehabilitation process is Occcupational Therapy. The main aim of the thesis is to clarify the role of Occupational Therapy in the area of elderly rehabilitation. It also aims to incorporate the World Health Organisation{\crq}s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) into clinical work of Occupational Therapy and to find its practical use in this discipline.
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Basal stimulation and kinaesthetics and their integration into the the care of seniors with specific problems
POLICHRONOVOVÁ, Lenka
Summary In my bachelor's thesis I focus on an integration of a stimulatory care into daily activities of seniors with heavy motoric, cognitive or perceptional changes by the means of the concept Basal stimulation and by the means of the concept Kinaesthetic mobilisation. In a theoretical part I describe an old age with manifestations of involution, I marginally mention a neurorehabilitation, nursing in order to point out a penetration of rehabilitation into the care which is directed to therapeutic aim in a nursing way. Subsequently I deal with both concepts, with individual stimulations and with kinaesthetic principles of mobilization. In a practical part there was a qualitative research applied. A data sampling was implemented by the way of a secondary analysis of documents and by a method of observation. An observation was implemented both as involved and neutral one. There was an instrumental method of casuistics applied to describe an integration of concepts into the care. The diversity of sample was the main criterion at choice. There were 4 males and 2 females in the age range 53{--}95 years old in a set. The objective of work no. 1 was to create an integrated image of the possibilities of integration and of utilization of elements from a concept of basal stimulation and kinaesthetic mobilisation in the care of seniors with specific problems. The objective no. 2 was to support a theory that an interconnection of a concept of basal stimulation and kinaesthetics leads to the development of perceptiveness and to improvement of skills and capabilities. The objective no. 3 presupposes that concepts of basal stimulation and kinaesthetics contribute to a support of overall perception and to improvement of the quality of life of seniors with a somatic, sensoric and mental affection. The objective no. 4 was to find out whether the concepts are a suitable communicational and educational form in a fundamental nursing care in order to achieve a higher level of self-service and mobility. All the objectives were achieved in my opinion. An importance of rehabilitation and psychosocial educational care even in old age ensued from an elaboration of a theoretical part. By the way of evaluation of a practical part I came to my personal opinion that a stimulation care has a positive effect even in a developmental stage of an old age. The thesis could become a source of information at introduction of concepts into practice; it could be conducive for family members when taking care of their close relatives or eventually as a basis for the purposes of study of these problems.
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The "integrated" rehabilitation in extrapyramidal diseases
KREMZOVÁ, Adéla
In my bachelor thesis I focus on the issues of the "integrated" rehabilitation in extrapyramidal disease. Due to large spectrum of extrapyramidal diseases and syndromes I mostly focused in my work on the clients afflicted with the Parkinson{\crq}s disease. In the theoretical part I first define the notion of extrapyramidal diseases, further I am describing the issues connected with the Parkinson{\crq}s disease from the health and social point of view. The last chapter of the theoretical part is devoted to the "integrated rehabilitation{\crq}q and the sequence of its individual components. I also mentioned the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. In the practical part I focused on ascertaining of the scope, means and the resulting effect of the "integrated" rehabilitation from the perspective of the clients afflicted with Parkinson{\crq}s disease. Therefore, it was suitable to use qualitative research. I used the method of questioning and the technique of semi-standardized interview. Further to that the secondary data analysis as well as case studies {--} casuistry were used. The clients for this research were chosen among the patients with the Parkinson{\crq}s disease, who are registered with the Center of extrapyramidal disorders of the General Teaching Hospital in Prague. The aim of my work was to answer the following questions: 1. Whether the clients ever underwent some of the components of the ``integrated{\crq}q rehabilitation described in the theoretical part of this thesis. 2. How were they satisfied with the performance of the rehabilitation. 3. Whether they missed some of the said rehabilitation components. The client{\crq}s answers to the above questions are stated in the explanation. The case studies show that the patients underwent mostly the treatment component of rehabilitation. In the majority of cases, they were satisfied with the way it was performed. Some of them, however, experienced lack of information on the social assistance within the framework of social rehabilitation. The work could help to those people, who are interested in the issues in question, especially in order to get an overview of the sequence of individual components of the "integrated" rehabilitation in the Parkinson{\crq}s disease. It could be further instrumental to the patients and their families and last but not least for study purposes of workers in helping professions.
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Activization of the paraplegick and kvadruplegick patient
ŠÍMA, Vojtěch
The activation of a paraplegic, quadruplegic patient is an in important part of the nursing care for the patient handicapped in this way. By a good and timely activation we achieve a better co-operation of the patient during the rehabilitation, practicing self-sufficiency; the patient communicates better with us and he co-operates. The activation is manifold; as for the hospital activation, the most known elements are books, television, radio, talks, co-operation with the family, internet. Other possibilities of activation are spinal units, rehabilitation center and e.g. the ambulant Paraple center providing the services in the following aid to the handicapped patients.
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The differencis of nurse treatment by Patients with TEP(total hip replecament) and with CCEP(cerviko capital replecament).
BUKÁČKOVÁ, Kristýna
This bachelor thesis focuses on the differences in nursing care of patients after TEP (total endoprosthesis) and after CCEP (cervical-capital endoprosthesis). The reason that led me to deal with this subject was the fact that I consider the knowledge of this matter as well as observing its principles by nurses for necessary. The objective of the thesis was to find out whether nurses know the difference in the nursing care of patients after TEP and CCEP, and whether they observe the differences in the nursing care. These objectives were fulfilled in the bachelor thesis. Two hypotheses were laid down. Hypothesis 1: Nurses know the difference in nursing care of patients after TEP and CCEP. Hypothesis 2: Nurses observe the difference in nursing care of patients after TEP and CCEP. The hypotheses were confirmed. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the anatomy and physiology of the hip bone and the historical development of endoprostheses. Further, the subject of the TEP and CCEP is dealt with here. It contains descriptions of the differences in the nursery care that nurses should put a lot of emphasis on and observe them. In the research part, the quantitative investigation by means of the questioning method, in the form of a questionnaire, and the qualitative research by means of the method of participating hidden observation, were chosen to verify the hypotheses. In practice, this thesis may be used in seminars, in which even the results of investigations may be dealt with, thus increasing the quality of the nursing care of patients after TEP (total endoprosthesis) and CCEP (cervical-capital endoprosthesis).
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Social and Psychological Situation in a Family with a Combined Disability Child
MAŠKOVÁ, Hana
The thesis focuses on social and psychological situation in a family with a child with combined disabilities, starting with the birth of the child and following reactions of the parents, family and society to this new situation. The thesis deals with different problems in the area of decision making in further possible steps concerning the child care and also with the way how to deal with given problems. The aim is to point to the parents who have a child with combined disability and to illustrate their situation from the beginning, showing how they cope with the situation. The practical part contains a research which is based on the questionnaire filled in by parents who have a child with combined disability. The questionnaire focuses above all on the parents, their situation and the change of their lives after the birth of their child, partnership, environment, help and other organizations that frequent the parents and their children.
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Handicapped Clients in Domestic Environments
PRŮCHOVÁ, Alice
This thesis deals with relationships with the physically disabled. In the context of national and international documentation. Lists of social care contributions and the social services offered to clients in the domestic environment are presented. Terms are explained regarding handicaps and systems of complete rehabilitation. The focus is on domestic care and its development towards a unification of offered services in the home. The quality of care in the home is praised. The conclusion summarizes all the presented remarks and theme of the thesis. The aim of the work is to present and clarify the concept of the disabled client in the home and present practical examples of carrying out this care.
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Work rehabilitation and its security provided by labour offices in the Ústecký region
JEŽKOVÁ, Jana
Working rehabilitation is the topic of my diploma thesis. Finding out the ways of securing working rehabilitation by the employment offices in the region of Ústí nad Labem on the basis of secondary sources and qualitative talks is the aim of this diploma thesis. So far in the Czech Republic hasn´t been the system providing comprehensive solution of the health handicapped employment. The Act Employment n.435/2004, Code introduces the institute of working rehabilitation in order to provide the access and comeback to the labour market for the health handicapped. Supporting the policy which enable to employ these handicapped people is the the next objective of this institute. The employment offices as the state administration bodies provide the employment facilities in a given region, they are independent subjects, territorially organized in districts and their legislative duties contain working rehabilitation securing. Research respondents were the particular employment offices in the region of Ústí nad Labem personnel who are interested in working rehabilitation and really practise it. The region of ústí nad Labem belongs to the Czech Republic area maintaining the primacy in the field of the unemployment. The unemployment as a result of labour market functioning is one of the contemporary world problems. Labour market is very dynamic phenomenon which reacts to technological development and economic situation. Nowadayas with the essential decrease in working positions there is a decrease in free working positions reserved for the handicapped and thus the participation of the handiccaped in the total number of job applicants has been steadily increased. The integration of these handiccaped to the labour market is affected by lots of factors among others by insuficcient awareness of their needs and weak points of the contemporary functioning from the legistation and practise view point. Creating procedures which enable to make provision for needs and skills of working rehabilitation participants and thereby increasing their participation at labour market was the intention of this diploma thesis. The targets were fulfilled so there were suggested three variants which show various possibilities of the initiation of working rehabilitation process and enable the effective usage of their particular forms. The diploma thesis results can be used either by the employment offices personnel throughout the Czech Republic or by the specialized experts who are interested in the problem of working rehabilitation.
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Position of occupational therapy in System of Rehabilitation
PULKERTOVÁ, Jindřiška
Rehabilitation is generally understood as a discipline solving mainly problems connected with motor system. However, the concept of rehabilitation is much larger. In fact, rehabilitation is the all-society system where restoration of moving functions is only one of goals on the way to one{\crq}s reintegration into society. There are a lot of professions within this system participating in the process. Occupational therapy is one of them. The main goal of the dissertation is to introduce occupational therapy as a profession, and highlight its range and position in the system of rehabilitation. The dissertation answers the question on what occupational therapy can offer to the people in need of rehabilitation and investigates wether and how occupational therapy intervention can contribute to the rehabilitation proccess. Further more, the dissertation compares the roles of the profession in Czech Republic and Europe and uses the findings to formulate new hypothesis which can be used for a future research. The main approach of our dissertation is qualitative investigation. We chose the type of case study and participant observation. All that was completed with technique of secondary data analysis. In case studies and according to the experience from the London hospital has been discovered that occupational therapy deals with all components participating in execution of human activities. Occupational therapy assesses and provides interventions to improve sensomotoric, cognitive and psychosocial functions. The primary goal of occupational therapy is to enable people to participate in the activities of everyday life. The information obtained from trainee-ship on the Department of Occupational Therapy in London and data has charted and clarified position of occupational therapy. Main difference is in competency of the professionals. In Czech Republic competency are lower and more limited compared to the rest of Europe. Additionally, the number of occupational therapists is lower in our country than is an average in Europe. On the base of obtained information the new hypothesis has been made thereby both goals have been met.
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Comlex rehabilitative care for pre-school children passing curative stays
KREJČÍ, Andrea
Complex rehabilitative care for pre-school children undergoing c urative stays is the care of which the main task is to promote the health of a child as a whole or, if impaired, to bring it back to normal. A child sanatorium is a health care facility providing long-term preventive care for child patients through its complex therapeutic and rehabilitative methods during the child{\crq}s entire curative stay. It strives for reaching the optimum health condition of a child and for the elimination of possible fallouts. Curative stays are recommended by pediatricians. Generally, curative stays are designed for children between 3 and 15 years of age. They are covered by all health insurance companies. The aim of the thesis was to find out the current possibilities of the use of curative stay offers in the Czech Republic and how the offer of such stays is used, specifically in the mountainous climatic conditions. Also, the work aimed at the factors leading to the fact that some children use the curative stays repeatedly. In order to gather the necessary data to define the aim of the thesis, the method of questionnaire was used and the technique of written questionnaire was used to collect the data. The research used parents and other relatives of the pre-school children who at least once participated in the curative stay together with their child or children. The research was conducted at the Child Sanatorium of Javorník in Šumava during the months of January and February 2007. The hypothesis based on the presumption that the opportunity to use the offer of curative stays for pre-school children is influenced mostly by socio-economic factors was not confirmed. It has been detected that the physicians play an important role in this field. The second hypothesis concerning the repetitive use of the curative stays offer as not being directly linked to the curative effect of the previous stays was also not confirmed because the reasons leading the guardian escort to the decision to send the child or children for a repetitive curative stay are directly linked to the fact that the recently undergone stay has helped the health condition of their child or children.
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