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Cardiac surgery patient with surgical wound dehiscence
BENDULOVÁ, Adriana
Dehiscence or wound spacing is characterized by failure of wound healing and it is a very serious postoperative complication that occurs most frequently in patients who suffer from an associated disease. It usually develops between the fifth and ninth postoperative day. The cause of dehiscence is an infection in the wound, which is caused by proliferation of bacterial strains. The thesis on "Cardiac surgery patient with surgical wound dehiscence{\crqq} is focused on theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part deals with the development of cardiac surgery and important personalities, medical indications for a cardiac surgery, cardiac surgery, surgical wound healing, surgical wound complications and nursing care of patients with dehiscence. The practical part was carried out by a quality - quantitative survey. The research sample for the qualitative research, which was conducted by the semi-structured interview technique with open questions, consisted of four cardiac surgery patients with wound dehiscence. The research sample for the quantitative research, which was carried out through anonymous questionnaires, consisted of 100 nurses working in cardiac surgery centers, Czech Republic, and 30 cardiac surgery patients with wound dehiscence. The results were processed into tables, graphs and diagrams. This work may serve as a resource for the interpretation of the subject matter or as a source of information for Cardiac Surgery Centers to improve the needs satisfaction in patients with wound dehiscence.
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Role of the Nurse in Providing Health Care in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
PAVLÍČKOVÁ, Eva
The aim of this work is to investigate the task of a hospital nurse in providing a nursing care by sick persons. The work comprises a theoretical as well as a research part. The theoretical part is concerned with data on the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, on its epidemiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, clinical symptoms, diagnostics, sectioning the stages of the disease, treatment and an educational programme for COPD patients. Further, we have focused on the roles of hospital nurses and their education. From the psychological point of view, the role of a hospital nurse represents the position of an individual in certain social system. Said role is characterized above all by the characteristics as the emotional neutrality, the ability to provide a patient the feeling of security and the appreciation of his problems. The term education embraces a process of training and education. The health education represents a process of training and education, the aim of which is the health. The education is a lifelong process which develops the personality by virtue of formal authorities, informal ambient and professionals. It represents a continuous system process. The education conduces to the acquirement of new items of information, the improvement of proficiency. In the bachelor work quantitative and qualitative methods of the data collection through the use of an interrogation technique by question forms presented to hospital nurses working with COPD patients, as well as the qualitative interrogation data collection technique by means of a semistructured discussion were used. The research interrogations were carried out in the Hospital Písek, AG and in the Hospital České Budějovice, AG. The quantitative research interrogations were carried out in the Hospital Písek, AG and in the Hospital České Budějovice, AG. In the interrogations participated 100 hospital nurses working in the standard internal medical departments and the pneumology department. For the qualitative research interrogation 5 COPD patients were selected. The discussions were conducted in the pneumology department. In the bachelor work one aim was determined. The aim of the work was to investigate the task of a hospital nurse in providing a nursing care by COPD patients. In the work 2 hypothesis were determined. 1. The most common role of the hospital nurse is the provider of a nursing care. 2. The role of an educator nurse is more frequent than the role of an advocate nurse. Both hypothesis were confirmed. Further, 2 research questions were determined. What is the most common role of a hospital nurse by COPD patients? Has the role of an educator a practical efficiency by the COPD patients? The both research questions were answered. The aim of the bachelor work was thus accomplished. The bachelor work could be used by seminars in pneumology departments or internal medical departments. The work can also serve as the efficiency assessment of activities practised by the COPD patients and for the remedy of their imperfections.
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The grounds of teenage girls´ escapes (evt. breakouts) from educatory institutes
ROUBÍKOVÁ, Nina
The thesis in the theoretical part deals with defining the concepts of socialization, problem socialization and rehabilitation in a specific environment educational facility for troubled teen girls. This thesis introduces with the system of institutional education and outlines the risks associated with institutional care, its target and possible effectiveness. In the theoretical plane the thesis deals with the most common psychological methods of working with troubled youth. The practical part pursues with the qualitative research and subsequent analysis of the biographical stories of the educational institution clients in Jindrichuv Hradec focusing on the causes of the increasing number of escapes of the girls from the educational institution and in particular on the grounds which lead the girls to violate the trade or institutional care.
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Physio-therapeutical methods after injuries of the flexor and extensor tendons of a hand
BENDOVÁ, Markéta
This diploma thesis entitled ``Physio-therapeutical methods after injuries of the flexor and extensor tendons of a hand{\crqq} describes the anatomy of forearm and hand muscles, as well as fascia and tendon loops. The main objective is to summarize a basic knowledge on injuries of the hand{\crq}s flexor and extensor tendons and physiotherapy of this problem. The work also includes the application of this knowledge into practice by elaboration of case reports of patients with injuries of the hand{\crq}s flexor and extensor tendons, which, among others, reveal a necessity of individual approach of the therapist and patient{\crq}s cooperation. The other objective of this study is to compare the theoretical approach to the injuries of the hand{\crq}s flexor and extensor tendons from the viewpoint of the physiotherapist in the Czech Republic and in Finland. To achieve this aim, I used the method of qualitative research; the data were collected in interviews with selected physiotherapists in the Czech Republic and in Finland. The comparison showed that the methodology used in Finland is rather similar to that used in the Czech Republic. In both countries, the process of therapy is tailored to patients individually and it respects the physician's recommendation.
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Special-pedagogical aspects of work with teenagers between the ages of 15-18 with behaviour disordes in the reeducational facilities.
LANGOVÁ, Martina
In this thesis I describe the reeducational processes in educational institutions, especially from the point of view of special pedagogy. In the theoretical part of thesis I define the behavioral disorders and then I deal with methods, techniques, approaches and forms of work with individuals with behavioral disorders. In the practical part, I used quantitative research method of questionnaires given to the educational institutions in Czech Republic. The aim was to check, if methods, techniques, approaches and forms are different in each of educational institutions and to check, if the selected theories are practically used
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Physiotherapy after the forearm and the hand injuries
POLÁKOVÁ, Jana
My bachelor thesis dealing with the topic Physiotherapy after forearm and hand injuries, describes not only the complete anatomy of the forearm and hand, characteristics of the particular injuries and the complications thereof, but also examination methods and possibilities of rehabilitation, by means of which the patients frequently regain former functions of the extremity affected. The thesis aims to find out whether patients are able to return to their original occupations as well as their original hobbies. The research part, in which the casuistic method and that of a free conversation with patients in the course of their attendance to rehabilitation procedures were used, contains descriptions of diagnoses and examinations of two patients with a different therapy success. The conclusion of the thesis resulted in the fact that the convalescence success of patients and their return to work largely depends on how complicated their diagnoses are and on the character of their work. In my opinion patients should be provided with a complex care, which includes timely medical help and subsequent physiotherapy and ergotherapy. A very substantial problem that is omitted is the patients{\crq} mental state, and for that reason the convalescence process should involve possible visits to a psychologist. Another essential thing is to inform the patient systematically on his/her state and future, and his/her motivation for his/her effort of improvement.
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Comunication of Auditory Disabled Children within the Educational Proces
TRMALOVÁ, Hana
This project focuses on the comunication of auditory disabled children within the educational process. This project is divided into two section. The first part is theoretical and describes the kinds, levels, diagnostics, compensatory tools, ways of comunication and education of auditory disabled people. For this task was used scientific literature listed on the page n. 68 of this project. The practical part was being done in form of questionnaire and a research at special schools. The questionnaire was given to the teachers who teach there. The goal of the research was to find out what the most used way of comunication of auditory disabled children is and how those children learn.
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Injuries of knee joint and consequential physiotherapy after crossed ligaments plastic
ŠKABROUD, Libor
This work deals with questions of injuries of the fibrous apparatus of the knee joint, especially with the injury of ligamentum cruciatum anterius (LCA). The theoretical part summarizes the basic information relating to the problems of injuries of the fibrous apparatus of the knee. In the following, it offers an abstract of recent methods of physiotherapy used while dealing with patients with LCA plastic. The evaluation of the research, which compares the efficiency of the physiotherapy between two patients with LCA plastic (one active sportsman and the other a non sportsman), discovered that the therapy was more effective in the sportsman case, especially in term of faster growth of muscles.
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Physiotherapy in children and youth with poor posture and flat
SLAVÍČKOVÁ, Zuzana
Body posture is the picture of the life attitude. Therefore, an incorrect body posture is the speech of the body that is frequently the first one to warn us against future health troubles. There are a large number of causes of the incorrect body posture. It may be for instance stress, lack of movement, but also various deformities of legs. In my thesis I chose the pes planovagus as a possible diagnosis. Pes planovalgus, or flat foot, is one of the most frequent diagnoses occurring in the orthopaedic practice. This happens despite the fact that almost 99 per cent of children are born with healthy feet. Almost a third of these children come to the first class with feet damaged in various ways as a result of a bad life style. The objective of this thesis, in the theoretical part, was to process up-to-date information related to the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in children suffering from pes planovalgus. In the practical part, I focused on drawing up the casuistry of patients with this diagnosis. The theoretical part describes the actual disease, its clinical demonstrations, causes of origin and especially its impact. Emphasis was put on prevention of this deformity and related consequences. The theoretical part explains key words associated with this thesis: functional muscle chains, gait, arch of the foot, foot, pes planovalgus, prevention, rehabilitation. Qualitative research method - case study was used for the practical part of the bachelor thesis. The research was conducted in the rehabilitation department of the District Hospital in Tábor, a.s. The tested set was made up of two testees with the flat foot diagnosis with the valgus position of the foot and incorrect body posture. Neither of the two testees was diagnosed as having a neurologic or eye illness. The objective of the research was to find out the influence of the pes planovalgus on the overall body posture and possibilities of influencing it. The results are drawn up in the form of casuistry. In the patients observed, the body posture, gait mechanism and, in general, the function of the foot improved. Both patients stated that pains have disappeared and the performance of the feet, especially in sports, has improved. The thesis contains a proposal of effective therapy of pes planovalgus at the child age, which may be beneficial for physiotherapists working with child patients. Further, the thesis may be used for the education of college students studying medicine branches, or it may serve as a source of information for the general public.
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The importance of Occupational Therapy in the rehabilitation of the elderly
PULKERTOVÁ, Jindřiška
Increasingly better living and working conditions, higher quality healthcare and social conditions are resulting in higher life expectancy more than ever. This is called population ageing. Illness or injury in older age causes various and specific problems which affect all personal areas of the elderly such as physical, emotional, social and spiritual status. It is the aim of rehabilitation to improve or restore those areas following personal injury or illness. One of the various professional disciplines contributing to the rehabilitation process is Occcupational Therapy. The main aim of the thesis is to clarify the role of Occupational Therapy in the area of elderly rehabilitation. It also aims to incorporate the World Health Organisation{\crq}s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) into clinical work of Occupational Therapy and to find its practical use in this discipline.
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