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Vliv zvýšené vzdušné koncentrace oxidu uhličitého na růst buku lesního
Sokolová, Tereza
Elevated CO2 concentration influences the anatomical, physiological and morphological characteristics of plants, both directly and indirectly. The aim of this thesis was to determine the effect of increased atmospheric CO2 concentration on growth of European beech (Fagus sylvatica). The experiment was carried out from autumn 2005 on environmental work place Bílý Křiž in Beskydy and established in artificial conditions (A-ambient - natural air concentration of CO2 - 385 ppm, E-elevated - 700 ppm, C-control - open control area). Two-year old seedlings of beech and three years old spruces seedlings have been planted in a triangular spacing in lamellar biospheres in a total of 96 individuals. The study is focused on biomass production of beech in different types of mixed cultures together with Norway spruce (P-pure - monoculture, I-Individual -- individual mixing, G-group -- group mixing). In mid August 2013 has begun destruction of beeches, which was completed in September 2013. Aboveground parts were dividend in to group consisting of branches and trunk and roots were subjected to destructive analysis later. Separate parts of the trees were dried in the oven for 48 hours at 80 °C and subsequently 2 hours at 105 °C and then were weighed to determine the biomass. After eight years of experiment, cultivation of spruce and beech in lamellar biospheres, there were no signifiant differences in total biomass of trees between varieties A and E. However, it showed significant influence of CO2 on the biomass of individual organs (leaves, branches, trunks and roots, including stumps ) as well as trees grown in a single mixed culture (I). When comparing the total biomass in the spheres, sphere E showed average total biomass of an individual tree about 27 % higher, in mixed G variety 25 % lower and in the P mixing 147 % higher than mixed I in the sphere A. Biomass production of roots without identification of mixing factor increased by 60 % in the E variety. Most significant difference in belowground biomass was detected in variety of mixing I. In the E sphere was 200 % more belowground biomass compared to sphere A. These preliminary results show that total biomass of beech was higher in sphere E than in the sphere A. Differences in total biomass , however, can be caused by mixing and correspond to the concentration of CO2.
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Přirozená obnova listnatého lesa na exponovaných stanovištích VLS Lipník nad Bečvou
Pálka, Ondřej
The bachelor thesis deals with natural regeneration of deciduous forest at exposed sites in Czech military forests (division Lipník nad Bečvou), forest district Velký Újezd. The main goals of this study were to evaluate success of different-aged natural regeneration stands at different exposures (north, south, east, and west). In case of all analysed naturally regenerated stands, the Fagus sylvatica species is dominated, the Fraxinus excelsior, Tilia cordata, Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer platanoides are admixed species. Under parent stands, the highest natural regeneration density was detected at north exposure sites (222,500 piece/ha with the highest proportion of individuals in the height class of 1-20 cm). In two years naturally regenerated growths (in the open sites), the highest density of regenerated young individuals was detected at west exposure sites (115,000 piece/ha), with the highest proportion of regenerated individuals in 2 -- 3 meter height class. The characteristics of all investigated stands of natural regeneration fulfil the criteria for reforestation according to norm no. 139/2004 Sb. § 2. The results including analysis of different forest regeneration ways confirm that regeneration by border felling (width of 20 m), oriented along the slope (perpendicular to the contour) with regeneration period of 40 years is suitable silvicultural way for successful natural regeneration.
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Přirozená obnova buku v těsné blízkosti zlínské aglomerace
Vyoral, Martin
Thesis examines problems with natural regeneration, arising from the issue of the immediate response of forests to large agglomerations. Quantifies the damaged area recreation sites load and seeks reasonable consistency of production and recreational functions of forests. Damage to land in transects achieved average 38%. The aim of this work was to focus on the natural regeneration of beech forest in the district where there are built tourist-educational-recreational complex Lazy, which has a major impact on forest management in the locality. On the question of liability for bodily injury and property on built structures (trail, gazebos, jungle gym), the law firm entered report that refutes the information from information boards that entry into the forest is at your own risk. The issue of security was also prepared a questionnaire to the evaluation finds considerable ignorance of the respondents on the question of safety rules during the stay in the woods. Risks associated with the movement of forest mechanization poorly evaluated 58% of respondents.
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Fenologická sledování u buku lesního (Fagus sylvatica L.) s ohledem na výškový gradient porostů
Popelková, Markéta
In this work is processed observations of phenological phases with beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) at two sites differing altitude vegetation. First reference research area is located at ŠLP ML Křtiny, district Bílovice Svitavou with altitude 320 meters, which was founded in 2011. The second research area belongs to the Institute of Forest Ecology, Mendel University Rájec - Němčice with altitude 625 meters, that area is the observation of mixed vegetation carried out since 2004. the selected trees were evaluated onset and duration of each phenological phases in relation to air temperatures of the year in the surveyed forests.
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Zpracování strategického scénáře vývoje zásob a těžeb buku na ŠLP "Masarykův les" Křtiny s výhledem na 30 let
Mašek, Michal
This piece of work seeks to suggest an optimal strategy for beech felling to avoid high felling fluctuations in the future. This particular suggestion is based on the last two forest management plans. Divisions based on the age class in the last two decades were analysed (described?) and compared with each other. The calculations of felling plan were based on two different scenarios. Based on felling balance comparison, both scenarios could be used. The second scenario is preferred based on economic reasons.
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Vliv přípravků s růstovými stimulátory (fytohormony) na růst, vývoj a zdravotní stav smrku ztepilého a buku lesního ve 3. LVS na LHC Ketkovice
Adámek, Pavel
The aim of this bachelor thesis was evaluate the effect of the preparation with phytohormones on development of Norway spruce and European beech in the 3rd forest vegetation tier. The research was conducted at the LHC Ketkovice, natural forest area 33 - Předhoří Českomoravské vrchoviny. There were established five research areas in cultures with problematic growth. Especially, has been researched the effects of granulated fertilizers Silvamix and organo-mineral stimulat Vermaktiv Stimul. Effect of preparations was evaluated based on height increments and nutrition, also was evaluated health condition. The results showed that preparations with phytohormones can positively influence growth and health status on these habitat conditions.
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Vliv přihnojování sazenic na přírůst a vitalitu kultur 3. LVS a jejich porovnání z hlediska předpokladu jejich zajištění
Kulhánek, Martin
The aim of my bachelor work was to examine the influence of inbuilt growth stimulants into Silvamix fertilizers family, to compare the effect of individual sorts of fertilizers from the point of view of securing these crops. Field works took place in LHC Ketkovice on the tracts located in 75 D1a,77B11, 77B1a and 65B1. I investigated the effect of fertilization on norway spruce, European beech, and mountain oak corps in 2 rd and mostly 3rd LVS. Based on dendrometrical characteristics, assimilation apparatus and health condition the Silvamix R and Silvamix R stimulators these fertilizations were assessed as the best ones. The outcomes show clearly that the action of growth stimulants inbuilt into Silvamix fertilizations family is rather gradual and is not too brisk and distinct on testing.
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Potenciál a limity dosažení podílu melioračních a zpevňujících dřevin přirozenou obnovou na LHC J.M. Schlik-Vokšice
Bíšek, Tomáš
The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of interspersed and admixed amelioration, stabilizing tree species (15 %) in spruce stands on fresh soils (3S). Research was selected five stands at LHC JM Schlik-Vokšice, which were analyzed: the density of regeneration of, regeneration of height, height increment of the last regeneration of based on breast-height circular base. The density of regeneration of was further analyzed depending on the distance from the parent tree and number of trees in a parent near the surface. From the measurements it was found that under the protection of the parent stand SLT 3S beech reached the greatest potential for regeneration. Density regeneration of of beech averaged 48778 ks.ha-1, the others trees (spruce, oak, red oak) the density of regeneration not exceed 2500 ks.ha-1. Breast-height platform for beech is optimal values 19-26 m2.ha-1 and the occurrence of the critical value is 32 m2.ha-1. Beech regenerations the most densely seven meters from the parent tree(up 80000 ks.ha-1) and 20 m above hardly occur. The results of this labor show that the SLT 3S can be ideally natural regeneration to meet the minimum share MZD (25 %) for beech and red oak.
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Monitoring tvorby dřeva buku lesního (Fagus sylvatica L.) na buněčné úrovni na výzkumné ploše Rájec - Holíkov
Veteška, Ondřej
The thesis is focused on the cambium activity and radial growth phase of trees stem during the growing season 2013 and it analysis the influence of habitat climatic conditions on the wood formation process. Six trees were monitored and samples from them were taken every week from 7 April to 7 November 2013. Permanent microscopic preparations showing the radial growth changes were prepared from the periodic collections. Cambium was beginning its activity from 18 April to 25 April at the air average temperature 12,01 °C and it was active for three months. The secondary cell wall formation began three weeks after the new cells formation and the total lignification was finished in mid-October. The average radial growth in the growing season was 1532 micrometrs.
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Limity a možnosti přirozené obnovy buku lesního na LHC Kolowratské lesy
Zahradník, Tomáš
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the possibility of natural regeneration of beech forest and its application to FMU Kolowrat forests. Selection of research areas was based on groups of forest types and by other characteristics such as different exposure, altitude and stocking of the stands. This thesis is based on the method of evaluation transect in forest stands. For each tree in the transect were measured these characteristics: height, the last increment of terminal, thickness of the root collar, shape and height of the deployment crown, number of lateral branches and their average game damage and other damage. Each of these characteristics were statistically evaluated. The result of this thesis shows that natural regeneration of beech is possible in whole evaluated area. From a biological and ecological perspective, is natural regeneration of beech convenient way for forest regeneration on those sites.
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