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Euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics
BARTKOVÁ, Štěpánka
Abstract Euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics Key words: euthanasia, suffering, death, dying, dignity, human rights, doctor, patient, palliative medicine, hospice care, assisted suicide, religious motivation, followers, objectors of euthanasia In my thesis I am covering the topic of ?qeuthanasia??. The main objective of this paper is to introduce the reader to the problem of euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics. This thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part further consists of eleven chapters. In the first chapter, the types of euthanasia ares discussed (active, passive, prenatal, and assisted suicide). In the second chapter, the history of euthanasia is discussed in a great detail. The third chapter mainly concentrates on euthanasia in the world. The fourth chapter is about the criteria of death. In the fifth chapter, I address the questions of euthanasia and death in recent years. The sixth chapter is about the relationship between a doctor and a patient. The seventh chapter covers palliative medicine and the eighth chapter further expands on this subject with the topic of hospice care. In the ninth chapter, I pursue the point of religious motivational impact. The tenth and eleventh chapters are dedicated to the followers and objectors of euthanasia. The practical part concentrates on exploratory research. I have chosen sociological research using the methods of discussion. Here are three interviews with experts, who interact with dying individuals on a daily basis. These questioned specialists are believers and therefore the discourses are anonymous. The objective of these discussions was to uncover how professional in different facilities view the issues of euthanasia. This objective was sucessfully achieved.
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Hospice care in aware laic society on Prachatice
TALAFOUSOVÁ, Marcela
The bachelor work deals with issue of Hospice care and accompanying of dying. The work is divided into two parts. Theoretical part is written on the base of science literature and contains 4 chapters. The first chapter deals with all phenomenons related with death. It describes each stage of the process of dying and closer to the position of today´s society to death. The second and the vastes chapter considers Hospice care, its history, forms and funding. It is also focused on importance of volunteers, social workers and pastoral assistants as multidisciplinary team in Hospic. The third chapter represents palliative care, which is the main pillar of Hospice care. The forth chapter is focused on accompanying, communication and care of soul of dying and his family. The second pratical part comes from the theory and is based on research. There are determined two goals of the social research (if the laic society from Prachatice and near surrounding is aware of hospice care and if the businessman are willing help to Hosic of sv. Jan N. Neumann in Prachatice.). There are defined two hypotesis. In research were used questionnaires for two groups of respondents, for laic public and for businessmen. The total number of respondents was 145.
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Fear of Death, its Interdisciplinary Characteristic and Dialog Research Method
MUSILOVÁ, Magdalena
Fear of death is related to the way we live, affects individuals and affects the attitude of a whole society. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical part, a definition of concept of ethics and bioethics can be found as well as a discussion of the differing perceptions of the value of human life, basic information about euthanasia and the possibilities for palliative and hospice care. Furthermore, different views on the fear of death are noted as are presented by representatives of several areas - anthropologists, psychologists, theologians and sociologists. In the next part an interdisciplinary overview of the fear of death is compiled, which forms the theoretical basis for the practical part of the work. In this part a qualitative research was carried out through half structured interviews on fear of death. Comparing the results with outcomes from the theoretical part, it was found that death is a taboo topic in a society and that the fear of death is natural. In line with the used literature, most respondents have a great fear of the process of dying itself than of the death itself. From this point of view it was uncovered, that there is a relatively low awareness of the possibilities of palliative care between respondents.
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Accompanying of Dying People in Retirements Homes Including the Elements of Hospice Care
VALÁŠKOVÁ, Michaela
The thesis deals with accompanying of dying people in retirements homes including the elements of hospice care. First, the difference between mission of retirements homes and hospices is described. Based on theoretical pieces of knowledge from literature, there are defined: the dying, the reaction of a dying man to the message about his health state, needs of a dying man, care for the family of a dying man, engagement of a multidisciplinal team, death and care for surviving relatives. In the second half, the research on internal rules is described. The research is aimed at findings, if and how the single retirements homes treat the topic of accompanying of dying people in their internal rules. Last chapter results from the previous and offers the plan for creating the internal rules for accompanying of dying people.
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Problems of a hospice care considering the viewpoint of nurses of the Home Care Agency and the patients
PEŠKOVÁ, Petra
The topic of my bachelor thesis is ``The issues of hospice care from the viewpoint of nurses working for home care agencies and potential patients``. The following two objectives and three hypotheses were formulated for the thesis: The first goal was to map the situation in provision of home hospice care from the viewpoint of nurses working for home care agencies. Two hypotheses were formulated for this objective. H1- Nurses working for home care agencies provide home hospice care and H2 - Nurses working for home care agencies are interested in expanding the home hospice care by means of mobile hospice units. The second objective of the bachelor thesis was to survey awareness of the lay public about the provision of hospice care by home care agencies. For this objective the third and the last hypothesis H3 was formulated {--} The lay public has no information about the provision of hospice care by home care agencies. A quantitative research method has been used to achieve the objective, using inquiring with questionnaires. Two types of questionnaires were used, one for nurses working for home care agencies and one for the lay public. The resulting data have been processed with a descriptive statistical method. The first surveyed group consisted of 57 nurses and the second surveyed group consisted of 75 respondents. We have found out that nurses working for home care agencies provide home hospice care but they are often unable to ensure quality conditions for such home hospice care. Another surprising finding was that the nurses working for home care agencies were not interested in extending the home hospice care with mobile hospice units. We believe that the nurses working for home care agencies lack the necessary information about the home hospice care. The hypothesis No. 1: Nurses working for home care agencies provide home hospice care has been disproved and also the hypothesis No. 2: Nurses working for home care agencies are interested in expanding the home hospice care by means of mobile hospice units has been disproved, which means the first objective has been met. Further, we have found out that the lay public does not have sufficient information about the provision of hospice care by home care agencies, which means that the hypothesis No. 3: The lay public has no information about the provision of hospice care by home care agencies has been confirmed and the second objective has been met. In this connection I have proposed some measures to improve the awareness of home hospice care. I have recommended informative articles to be developed for magazines intended for the lay public, as well as for professional journals for nurses. I have also recommended informative workshops for nurses and cooperation with hospice facilities.
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Helping hand in crossing over
LASCHOVÁ, Daniela
The thesis deals with palliative and hospice care. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part there are provided with basic information about palliative care, it describes aspects of palliative care in terms of spiritual, social, psychological and physical. There are also recorded information on facilities that provide palliative care, their characteristic, mission and goals. The thesis is also reported on problems of dying, suffering and death. The work also records a pastoral and social care about dying seniors, a description of a multidisciplinary team of hospice care. The practikal part of the thesis is reported on a detection rate of awareness of palliative and hospice care at the clients of caritas Týn nad Vltavou. Next the research found out the respondents opinion of dignified dying in a domestic care
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THE POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITS OF HOME´S HOSPICE IN THE CZECH CONDITIONS AND A VIEW - POINT TO FUTURE
SVOBODOVÁ, Martina
Seriously diseased people need their families and their families need support and help. Such support can be offered in home-care hospices. Home atmosphere is certain1yoptimal for most of diseased people; however, even domestic care has its own limited possibilities and boundaries. Therefore, there are three kinds of hospice care: home-care hospices, stationary hospice care and in-patient hospice care. The main target of this bachelor thesis was to found out what the limitations in the field of home-care hospices in the Czech Republic are. The expected hypothesis that the development of home-care hospices in the Czech Republic is limited more due to economic than organisation reasons was confirmed. It results from insufficient legislative conditions for hospice care in the Czech Republic. There is no system of fmancing of home-care hospices by insurance companies. Other existing problems are insufficient information, both for the public and for medical workers, insufficient education in the field of palliative care, poor knowledge of the issue of dying and care of dying people among the laic public, lack of communication between doctors and patients, and others.
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Home Hospice Care
KOHOUTOVÁ, Lucie
Dying and death are topics which most people do not wish to talk about. However, at some point they touch every individual and therefore it is necessary, especially in social spheres, to confront these issues. This assignment concentrates on discovering the hurdles which people meet when caring for loved ones who are terminally-ill at home. The goal of this study is not to eliminate all possible hurdles that hamper care of the dying, but rather facilitate knowledge to those who are interested in giving this kind of care. The theoretical part obtains information about hospice care, further detailed characteristics of home hospice care and a focus on the family as the main source of this care. The research part is made up of a qualitative survey and to collect data a partially-prepared interview was used. The people who were interviewed comprised of fifteen relatives of clients from the Tereza Treatment Centre in Prague 10. In view of the goal of this work, as described above, the following research question was used: What hurdles do family members face when offering terminally-ill relatives care during their final stages at home? The answer to this gave the following as hurdles: physically demanding care, disruption of family relationships, inability to ensure continual care for the terminally-ill, financially demanding care, psychological demanding care, inability to give expert health care, limits associated with accommodation and worsening care of hygiene of the terminally-ill. One overall goal of this study was to discover what is actually known about home hospice care. The research showed that it is unsatisfactory. Only three out of fifteen of those questioned were able to characterise this form of care. Home hospice care is a needed part of care for the dying and therefore a bigger emphasis should be made on the spreading and building up of a net of home hospices and also on the removal of hurdles which hamper this care. Either of these cannot be realised without increasing public awareness.
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Hospices and Care Based on Individual Needs of the Patient
SEKYRKOVÁ, Michaela
This diploma work deals with hospice and a quality of care given to the clients of the hospice, that fully covers complex needs, changing during a life limiting illness, taking in account the dignity of the human being to the very last moment of his life. This care is a promise for a man, that he won´t be alone in the burdensome moments of his life. There are a hospice management and various forms of hospice care in Czech Republic described in a theoretical part of the work. This chapter is to be a handbook for providing companionship to the dying person and is to draw our attention not only to the changing priorities of the dying person and to stages, that he is to go through, but to an irreplaceable role of a caregiver at his bed. In a practical part of this work there are investigated the attitudes of the caregivers in hospice and public to the process of dying of the human being. The founded results of the research show, that people finding themselves in a final stage of the life-limiting illness change their priorities; the spiritual needs become more important, especially to attain a peace with self, with other people; clients trusting in God long for consilience with God; the results of the research show however, that most public is not familiar enough with the problem of dying and death, and that there is generally low knowledge on how to provide companionship to the dying person.
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