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Nursing care of children with selected visual impairments.
DĚDIČOVÁ, Kristýna
The sense of sight is considered to be the fundamental human sense which enables us to perceive three quarters of all impulses and information that we need for our life. Sight is the only sense through which we can accept optical effect. The connection between sight and the central nervous system is equally as complicated as the function of the sense organ itself. A considerable deterioration in quality of sight, or complete loss, always results in a considerable impact on a human life. The theoretical part of this work will concisely analyse the anatomical and physiological aspect of visual perception as well as the characterization of the selected visual handicaps: strabismus, refraction errors (hyperopia, myopia) and blindness. The objects of this work are patients in the children's age, who suffer from the above mentioned handicaps. In consideration of the child's age, nursery care becomes even more difficult with younger patients. The theoretical sections reviewing nursery care are striving to summarize the accessible knowledge of the main principles of care in these particular branches of nursery, whilst the focus of the theoretical section of the report as well as the following research lays in nursery care within children's hospitalization. From the qualitative point of view, problems involved with the care for children with light visual impairment are distinctively separated from those associated with the care for a child with serious impairment. Two objectives were set for this bachelor work: to investigate the specifics of nurse care for visually impaired children at a children's ophthalmology clinic and the approach taken by nurses when dealing with visually impaired children at a common paediatric ward. To determine the objectives of the work were structured three main research questions: What are, from the point of view of nurses, the main specifics in nursing care for a child with light visual impairment? What are, from the point of view of nurses, the main specifics in nursing care for a child with a serious visual impairment? What are the differences between nursing care for a child with visual impairments at ophthalmology clinic and common pediatric ward? In the research section has been applied a qualitative form of the research survey. The qualitative research survey was conducted by the method of semi-structured interview which enabled the respondents to accent particular problems according their own discretion. The open encoding method was used in the processing of the research survey and for the analysis of interviews with nurses. The research survey was being conducted in two hospitals: in Fakultni Nemocnice Motol (Faculty Hospital in Prague - Motol) at its ophthalmic ward for children and adults, and in Nemocnice Pisek (County Hospital in Pisek Town) at a paediatric ward. Five nurses were interviewed at each hospital. According to statements by nurses employed at the hospital in Pisek, it is evident, that the issues of visually impaired children do not constitute a statistical serious problem, when compared to the other definable groups of paediatric patients. Results of the research survey confirm that the main requirement for the care of visual impaired children is a need for permanent communication. The benefit of this bachelor work for a practice of a nurse who works at ordinary paediatric ward could be considered the opportunity to get acquainted with theoretical as well as practical possibilities which are available at the specialized ward at clinic hospital in Prague - Motol. The theoretical section of this work could be used as a reference material for supplementary studies in the branch of treatment for visually impaired child patients.
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Intervention motion children's program with visual disability in the age range 8-15 years
WEINFURTOVÁ, Soňa
The bachelor thesis "Motion intervention children´s program with visual disability in the age range 8 - 15 years" is divided into two parts. The focus of theoretical part is oriented on sense of sight, its importance and anatomy. The special chapter is dedicated to visual disability, especially to its etiology and classification, types of visual defects and to the field which deals by education of visually disabled. The emphasis is placed on evolution and education of children with visual disability. The last chapter contains the motion intervention program, his impact on health and potential risks. The practical part of the thesis describes the influence of the motion intervention program on children with visual disability. Based on measured values and on tests of value orientation, the impact of appropriate motion activity (psychomotorics) is investigated on schoolchildren of 6th and 7th classrooms of basic and kindergarten school for visually disabled in Plzeň. Obtained results show that the motion intervention program has positive effect; the benefit is significant mainly from the improvement of the children health-state values.
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The issue of visually - handicapped people and their independent movement outside ( the mapping of the route in České Budějovice: the housing estate Máj -
JANOUŠKOVÁ, Jana
Bachelor thesis informs us about the problems of independent movement outside the visually impaired and analyzes the conditions for their safe movement. It introduces the division of visual defects, characteristic of visual impairment and its influence on the spatial orientation and also about the possibilities special-pedagogical education as a process of rehabilitation for people with vision loss. The work assesses the conditions of safe movement on existing roads and means of orientation in the exterior, further complicating what kind of obstacles visually impaired individuals to move and what type of technical aids which is made possible by their orientation in space. The findings will be further used for practicing safe and independent movement, as well as for route planning in a public benefit corporation Tyflokabinet in České Budějovice.
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Fascination by Light
MÁČOVÁ, Nina
The theoretical part includes sections on various theories light and colors concepts in relation to the historical context. It also deals with topics that are directly related to light, such as shading, lighting, etc., and their symptoms in art, painting, glass, mosaic and glass windows. The practical part is trying to capitalize on the knowledge gained in the file author's books as light objects. For those is attention focused mainly on specific features of various materials and their effect on humans in conjunction with the light.
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Generic myths and facts relating to blindness phenomenon
PALETÁŘOVÁ, Renata
This diploma thesis devotes to the questions of general public awareness of themes like visual handicap, integration, the blind and their life in society. The aim was to find out, if fables and distorted images exist, which relate to the phenomenon of amaurosis; to compare the findings regarding the education of informants and also to specify the sources, from which people gather the information of the visual handicap. The thesis also maps the availability of the chosen source of information. The research has shown that people believe the fables and fames which are spread in our society. The most informed in the area of the visual handicap are undoubtedly the informants with university degree education, who gain their knowledge at the university, on the internet or from television. The books, which treat the above mentioned themes, are readily available and a few of them are to be found in every local library.
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Methods of development of fine and gross motor skills of visually impaired children.
BROŽOVÁ, Pavla
The theme of the bachelor's paper is ``Methods of development of fine and gross motor skills of visually impaired children{\crqq}. The theoretical part is aimed at clarification of the terms ``vision{\crqq}, ``development of visual perception{\crqq}, and also ``visually impaired child{\crqq}. I have further introduced there the terms ``gross and fine motor skills{\crqq}, which I defined in relation to children with visual impairment in pre-school age. The practical part of the paper is dedicated to the description of the objective of the work, research methods, and the results obtained. The objective of the research was to establish the level of development of fine and gross motor skills of visually impaired children in pre-school age, as well as of children in an ordinary nursery school. The following step was comparison of the results from both nursery schools. My hypothesis was stated as follows: ``The level of development of fine and gross motor skills of children in an ordinary nursery school is better than that of children in a nursery school for visually impaired{\crqq}. For performance of the research part of the work, I have chosen quantitative type of research, the method of controlled observation. The research took place in two nursery schools in České Budějovice. One of them was a nursery school for visually impaired children; the other was an ordinary nursery school. The total number of controlled observations performed was 200. The research set constituted of 50 children in pre-school age. The research results have shown that the development of motor skills of visually impaired children is at higher level than that of children in an ordinary nursery school. In the area of fine motor skills, significant differences between the two nursery schools have surfaced after comparison of the results. The differences in the area of gross motor skills were less marked. Consequently, my hypothesis did not prove true. The bachelor's paper in question can be used as a study material for the students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies, as there is no publication comprehensively elaborating those issues.
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Pleoptic and orthoptic training for visually impaired children in preschool age.
ŠTOČKOVÁ, Šárka
The theoretical part of this bachelor's paper is aimed at the development of visual perception since the child{\crq}s birth until pre-school age, and further at pleoptic and orthoptic training. The paper also mentions the anatomy of the organ of vision, and the eyesight impairments of childhood. The theoretical part examines in more detail binocular vision, as pleoptic and orthoptic training are aimed exactly at binocular vision impairments (strabismus and amblyopia). The practical part presents the results of the research, which was focused on eye/hand coordination of pre-school children in an ordinary nursery school and in a nursery school for visually impaired children. The research part was performed by means of controlled observations in both types of nursery school. In total, 200 controlled observations were performed. The objective of this bachelor's paper is to establish the level of visual coordination of children in a nursery school for visually impaired and in an ordinary nursery school. My hypothesis was stated as follows: ``Because children in a nursery school for visually impaired develop visual coordination also by means of pleoptic and orthoptic training, they have better visual coordination compared to children in an ordinary nursery school, who develop visual coordination only through games and drawing{\crqq}. Upon comparison of the results from the two nursery schools, the research has proven that children of pre-school age in a nursery school for visually impaired have better eye/hand coordination than children of the same age in an ordinary nursery school. Thus, my hypothesis proved true. The paper could serve as a study material, as those issues are not comprehensively elaborated in any publication.
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Character of a handicapped person and the impact of his/her individuality on matual interaction with the other society.
NOVÁKOVÁ, Lenka
My Bachelor´s work deals with personality of a visual handicap individual and his impact on the surrounding society and vice versa. Visually handicapped people represent about 60 000 {--} 100 000 people of all age groups in the Czech Republic whereas about 10% of them are totally blind. These numbers include people with different types and levels of visual perception impairment. A man´s eyesight perceives 70-90-% of all environmental stimuli. This fact classifies visual perception as the most significant human sense organ. Therefore vision loss or reduction in eyesight limit the individual in all areas of his life, in his psychic and physical development, in a personal development and the educational process. A personal development is more or less limited then and becomes less individual, very variable and more dependable on the environment and the mutual interaction. The aim of this work called A Personality of Visually Handicapped Individual and the Impact of His Internal Individuality on Mutual Interaction With Surrounding Society has been to introduce an individual with severe vision handicap to people who are not handicapped. This work is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part contains anatomy and physiology of the eye, the description of vision defects, vision defect causes, their classification, the impact of the defect on an individual development and a family acceptance of the problem. It also mentions prevention, education of children with visual handicap, some legislation and the list of compensation aids. The aim of the work and the hypotheses are stated in the practical part. The aim of this work has been to find out what are the attitudes and views of general public towards visually handicapped individuals, if people are affected by prejudice or if they accept these people positively and what positions handicapped people can occupy in the surrounding society, especially in the regions of Hradec Králové and Central Bohemia. I stated two hypotheses. The first hypothesis assume that visually handicapped people are viewed negatively by general public. The second hypothesis says that these negative feelings can, but need not affect the behaviour of the surrounding society to visually handicapped people. Quantitative research methods such as questionnaires completed by healthy population and electronic questioning visually handicapped people were used. The work should become an information material for general public so that healthy population can realise what areas of human activities a visual handicap affects and what influence it has for handicapped people, their families, relations and the surrounding society in general.
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Kvalita vína
Snopková, Lenka ; Chvojková, Helena (advisor) ; Švachová, Marie (referee)
Hodnocení kvality vína dle chuti, zraku a čichu. Vývoj vinařského zákona, sladění legislativy v oblasti vinařství a vinohradnictví s legislativou EU. Statistická analýza nejúspěšnějších odrůd. Popis degustace v obci Kudlovice. Srovnání hodnocení kvality vína v ČR a v ostatních zemích EU.
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