|
|
Use of cattle and sheep breeding for landscape maintenance
HOUŠKOVÁ, Jana
The aim of my thesis was to identify and evaluate the conditions of shared breeding of cattle and sheep reached at pasture rearing as well as to set up the basic behavior of dams in both herds during the pasture period. In the research, there were involved dams (Aberdeen angus) together with 56 ewes (Suffolk runt). Ethological monitoring was done three times during the pasture period (lasting 24 hours) using the method of direct watching (10-minute intervals). Both herds were kept together during the pasture period.
|
|
|
Evaluation the influence of grazing on performance of dairy cows
TOMAN, Michal
This study analyzes the impact on performance of dairy cows grazing in firm, which is located in the LFA. Furthermore, also deals with procedures for management of pastures and grazing alone. The operation, carried out before and during grazing pasture is important in terms of quantity and quality of grass. The results of this study show that the farm was milk production during the grazing season is lower than in winter. Lower milk production was achieved due to increase activity, changes in ration and low quality crop, which was connected with a high burden of pastures. Lower milk production was achieved due to increased activity, changes in ration and low quality crop, which was connected with high grazing load, which was 2.2 DJ. ha-1.
|
|
|
The comparison of sheep nutrition in conventional and ecological conditions
KLÁTIL, Jaroslav
Destination of bachelor work was purchase grass pattern from individual boxes and their successive analysis. Village in who we pursue purchase pasture name Hojovice, which lie in locality district Pelhřimov. We follow herd - 13 sheep, 9 lamb and one ram. Deal with meat race Charolais. Pattern we take away in year 2009 of six boxes about area value one metre square and it ago pasture and after her. Collected sample were weigh in fresh condition and after drying. Right after purchase we are perform analysis material with respect to representation individual grass mate. Completion analytical analysis pasture we obtain information about representation individual material, which were engaged in take away pasture pattern. Analysis was find, that no pattern contain more than 5 % fat. Border content coarse fibre was in all case over 17 %. Also in content NDF collected sample fulfilment optimum gamut from 28 to 32 % NDF. Possible say, that of given purchase and analysis, we are about pasture found, that is not harmful. In spite of solitary pasture be watch herd suffice to covering all energy. Thereby is here possibility extra feeding and dam with drinking water. Good pasture growth we would achieve for example wit sowing, great entry manure and better preparation pasture after fat.
|
|
| |
|
|
Verification of the effect of rations on goats feed intake and on milk composition
KRÁL, Václav
Goat's milk has many great nutritional properties, which arise from its unique composition. The milk composition is however depending on the composition of the feed diet. The aim of this work is to determine how the diet affects the quantity of milk yield and composition. We also made observations to determine how selected herbs affect the intake of feed rations with goats. The experimental part is divided into three parts. In the first part, we evaluated the impact of selected herbs to income ration with goats. We found that the addition of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) increases the amount of food taken. Conversely, an addition of meadow pea (Lathyrus pratensis) decreases the amount of food intake. In the second part, we tested the ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata) effect on the milk composition. We found that an addition of this herb in the ration slightly increases daily milk yield. In the third section we monitored a herd of goats on grassland. We evaluated influence of the composition of pasture vegetation and the addition of oats on milk yield and composition. Our conclusion is that the composition of the pasture had a significant impact not only on the basic components of milk, but also on the representation of individual groups of fatty acids. The adding of oats decreases the influence of grazing.
|
|
|
Effect of grazing in submoutain regions on biodiversity of invertebrates - epigeic beetles.
RUTTA, Petr
Diplomová práce se zabývá biodiverzitou epigeických brouků na pastvinách nacházejících se v podhorských oblastech Šumavy. Srovnává jak se mění biodiverzita společenstev již zmíněných brouků v oblastech s různou intenzitou pastevního zatížení. Odchyt byl prováděn na dvou odchytových místech pomocí zemních pastí. V práci je zjištováno srovnání biodiverzity společenstev epigeických brouků v oblastech s různým zatížení pastvou, porovnání s dosavadními výsledky, antropogenní ovlivnění stanovišť a ordinace druhů na pozemku.
|
|
|
Life manifestation of milk cows during pasture way of breeding
NOVOTNÝ, Miroslav
The aim of this work was to monitor the basic behavioral categories pasture behavior of cattle in the farming method. Monitoring was also stable during the milking, which took place early in the morning and afternoon. The results obtained have been processed into graphs and tables in Microsoft Excel. The herd was composed of cows Czech spotting cattle and Holstein cattle and pasture were from April to November.
|
|
|
Monitoring moving activity of beef cattle during the year
RUDA, Jan
Beef cattle breeding is one of the basic and traditional kind of agriculture department in the Czech Republic. In the last few years is growing the number of beef cattle especialy in mountain areas and foothills. My work was focused on assesment of moving activity of beef cattle (whole year outdoor lairage) with special aim at outward and inward factors. Experiment was realized in a small privat farm (40ha) in foothills. Breeding animals are crossbreeds of these beef cattle races: charolais, piemontese, aberdeen angus, hereford, gasconne, limusine and czech pied cows. Monitoring was made by pedometers placed on the neck part and anterior limb (used 20 animals) and on the neck only (used 10 animals). Pedometr counts the numer of movements in hour, every single hour is separated into 240 parts - 15 seconds each. If is there any move during that time, pedometr will record. The additional technical equipment is antenna and PC with an appropriate software. For temperature and air humidity measuring was used datalogger noticing the data every hour. We compared the influences of tempereture and air humidity on moving activity, influence of rutting season on moving activity and finaly the differences between the data from the neck part and from the anterior limb. Was found out that the temperature has a fundamental influence on the moving activity. No ralation between the air moisture and the moving activity was found. There was not such a big increase of moving activity during the rutting season as we expected. The activity measured on the neck was significantly higher then the activity measured on the anterior limb. Both of them embodied mathematical functional dependence.
|
|
|
Fattening heifers on pasture
VALTER, Jiří
The main goal of this bachelor{\crq}s theses is to assess heifer fattening conducted in two grazing cycles in the mountain region of Southern Bohemia. The observation was carried out in the years 2008 and 2009. A total of 51 heifers was observed, all of them crossbreeds of Aberdeen Angus or Simmental cattle. In the first grazing cycle, the heifers were raised together with the mothers on a pasture and stabled for the winter season. The heifers were slaughtered after the end of the second grazing cycle, which followed the next year. Light weight of the heifers was recorded at the end of the first grazing cycle, at the end of the winter season and again at the end of the second grazing cycle. The weight of the dressed carcass and the SEUROP classification was further recorded. The average daily gain was calculated for each period from the live weight. The data set was sorted by the month of birth of the heifer and by the SEUROP classification. Statistical data analyses were carried out using the Excel software. In order to evaluate the results, basic statistical parameters were calculated for each of the selected variables and the cogency of the differences between the groups was tested with the two-tailed t-test at the corresponding level of significance. The average weight of the heifers at the end of the first grazing cycle was 266.0 kg, average weight at the end of the winter season was 349.8 kg and the average weight at the end of the second grazing cycle was 512.3 kg. The average age of the heifer at the end of the first grazing cycle was 216 days and they were slaughtered at the average age of 574 days. The average daily gain during the first grazing cycle was 1.14 kg, during the winter season 0.57 kg and during the second grazing cycle 0.78 kg. The lifetime average daily gain was 0.85 kg. The average weight of the dressed carcass was 247.1 kg. 60.8 % of the heifers gained the SEUROP class ``O`` and 39.2 % the class ``R`` or ``U``. The heifers showed considerable variability, especially in the weight at the end of the second grazing cycle (sx = 43.9 kg). Heifers gained the SEUROP class ``R`` or ``U`` showed higher weight at the end of both the first and second grazing cycle, higher weight of the dressed carcass and higher average daily gain during the winter season and during the second grazing cycle, compared with the heifers gained the SEUROP class ``O``.
|
|
|
The influence of pasture on biodiversity of invertebrates in sub-mountain localities - coprophagous beetles
SVOBODA, Lukáš
The effect of the pasture management on dung beetle communities was studied on three sites in Šumava Mts. (South and West Bohemia). The intensity of pasturing was different: 78 cattle on the first, 106 on the second and 162 on the third pasture. The beetles were collected using pitfall traps baited by 1.5 litres of fresh cattle dung. The traps were located on each pasture. Altogether 3 traps were used per each pasture. The pitfall traps were exposed in the pasture for 7 days in monthly repetitions from April to October 2008. Totally 8725 specimen and 33 species of beetles were collected. These species belong to families Scarabaeidae,Geotrupidae and Hydrophilidae. The number of species and individuals was evaluated for each pasture, as well as seasonal dynamics and biomass distribution. The results indicate that the more intensive pasturing has the positive effect on the activity of some groups of coprophagous beetles.Other effects of the different pasture management on the beetles were not documented.
|
guest ::
