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Analysis of preventive programs in selected city
NOVOTNÁ, Eva
During the life, people encounter hazardous factors which can negatively influence their health. Society tries to avoid these hazardous factors introducing preventive programmes with a wide range of impact. This MA thesis is called "Preventive programmes analysis in a selected town". These programmes were specified to preventive programmes focused on addictive substances with the aim to find out how participants from Jindrichuv Hradec perceive these addiction preventive programmes. The research has revealed that preventive programmes in schools are conducted by various organizations and lecturers. In order to gain the relevant data, the research was focused on evaluation of the last preventive programme carried out in the school. After elaborating the practical part, the strategy of quantitative research was chosen and accomplished by the interrogative method realized by a questionnaire. The research was done in six elementary schools and five high schools in Jindrichuv Hradec. The participants were made up of the 8th and 9th grade elementary-school pupils and the 3rd and 4th grade high-school students. As a research tool, a questionnaire consisting of 12 questions was used. The questions targeted to reveal in which form of the preventive programme the respondents had taken part, which form they preferred, who conducted the programme, and what sort of lecturer they would prefer. Using the semantic differential involving opposite pairs of adjectives on a 7-grade scale, the respondents' attitude towards the content of the preventive programmes was elicited as well as their attitude towards the person conducting the programme. Two research questions were stated: 1) What kind of addiction preventive programmes do the participants in Jindrichuv Hradec prefer? 2) What positive and negative aspects do the preventive programmes contain according to the participants in Jindrichuv Hradec? Regarding the set aim and the research questions of this MA thesis, two hypotheses have been determined. Hypothesis no. 1: "High-school participants, in contrast to elementary-school participants, rather prefer the interactive form of the preventive programme." This hypothesis has been tested by the Khi-Quadrate Test. As a result, a statistically significant relation between the type of school and the interactive programme preference has been revealed. Hypothesis no. 2: "High-school participants perceive preventive programmes rather in a negative way in comparison to elementary-school participants." This hypothesis has been tested by the T-Test. The data concerning the preventive programme's content evaluation and the data concerning the evaluation of the person conducting the programme have been analysed separately. A statistically significant relation between the variables has been discovered by the final result. The results show that the high-school students prefer the form of the interactive preventive programme; however, they have a more negative attitude towards preventive programmes in general. A detailed examination of the results suggests that it is due to their previous knowledge of the information and that they would prefer a lecturer introducing the topic in a new, more amusing way. The elementary-school pupils prefer discussion as a form of preventive programmes. In comparison to the high-school students, they have a more positive attitude towards preventive programmes. Even though the examination of efficiency was not the subject of the research, it has been found out that the elementary-school pupils consider preventive programmes being useful for them. Regarding the lecturer of the programme, both groups of respondents prefer a cured user of addictive substances. This thesis can be used as an inspiration for professionals in various areas education or social care and also for organizations providing addiction preventive programmes.
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The Issue of Realisation of Primary Prevention at Secondary Schools
ZEVLOVÁ, Lenka
This bachelor's thesis on the subject of "The Issue of Realisation of Primary Prevention at Secondary Schools" discusses primary prevention and the issue of high-risk behaviour by students. This work contains a theoretical and practical section. The theoretical section describes high-risk behaviour by students, focusing on primary prevention and its effectiveness and organisational assurance of primary prevention of high-risk behaviour in the Czech Republic. The practical section examines realisation of primary prevention in secondary school programmes. Research focused on primary prevention of high-risk behaviour by students at secondary schools. The goal was to investigate realisation of precautionary prevention of high-risk behaviour and examine the effectiveness of preventive programmes at selected secondary schools in the South Bohemian Region. We chose a qualitative approach, the method of obtaining data by means of interviews with school prevention methodologists at secondary schools. We can state that the issue of primary prevention of high-risk behaviour is an extensive and sensitive subject, in which the school plays an important role. The purpose of primary prevention is to endeavour to make healthy life style activities a part of the education process.
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Analýza využívání sociálních sítí žáky středních odborných škol
Živělová, Andrea
This bachelor thesis analyses the use of social networks between students of secondary vocational schools. Nowadays, social networks are a great phenomenon that affects every person. When using social networks certain threats may arise, which are discussed in more detail in this thesis. The theoretical part points to holistic view of the risks that the Internet brings. It also gives an overview of prevention projects that are in the Czech Republic helpful in solving problems associated with the virtual world. Secondary data about this topic was processed. The practical part contains implemented and evaluated questionnaire that aimed to determine whether adolescents are attending social networks, for what purpose and whether they even realizes the potential risks. Data are processed by basic statistical procedures and illustrated using graphs and tables. The conclusion summarizes the results and possible solutions.
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The roles of students in bullying at school
VÍTOVÁ, Alena
The bachelors thesis deals with the roles of students in bullying at school. The thesis is entirely theoretical. First we will become acquainted with the issue of bullying in general then in the context of the factors that affect it. We will focus on the issue of bullying in relation to the school group of peers and in creating relationships and roles. The aim of this thesis is to highlight the importance of the issue of bullying, to characterize the role of each participant, describe possible solutions and dealing with bullying attempt to suggest ways of solving based on a comparison of selected projects.
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Importance of education and prevention of child injury in contact with dog
CHLOPČÍKOVÁ, Marie
The dissertation entitled: "Importance of education and prevention of child injury in contact with dog" was written with the purpose to point out not only the current status of children's knowledge and experience in contact with the favourite pet - dog, but primarily to provide a new educational-preventive concept that should help to reduce the risk of incidence of negative experience (injuries, attacks) with dogs in child population. The goal of the dissertation was to improve the children's knowledge on responsible and safe approach to dogs. The theoretical part of the dissertation points out the comprehensive significance of the child-dog relation. The individual sections describe the essential influence of the dog on the mental, emotional and social development of the child, with emphasis on understanding the differences of human-animal communication and the related risks. At the same time, the dissertation outlines also the issue of injuries and conflict situations caused to the child by the dog due to lack of knowledge of basic rules of safe approach to the animal. Last but not least, it emphasizes the significance of primary prevention in the relevant issue. The results of the empirical part of the dissertation pointed out the most frequent causes and mechanisms (basic risk factors in child behaviour) of origination of conflict situation between children and dogs. Based on the alarming results of the first research stage, a new interactive educational-preventive program was created, based on zootherapy - canistherapy method, AAE (Animal Assisted Education) technique, cooperative teaching and situational learning. To assess the efficiency of the preventive activity, a feedback quantitative study was created; it showed improved knowledge on safe approach to dogs in elementary school pupils after having passed the preventive program. The success of the practical form of the preventive program in educational facilities was supported also by creation of educational material - workbook for children. The aid can be used not only as teaching material but particularly as a source of visually processed information and principles for conflict-free child-dog coexistence. The dissertation constitutes a serviceable material not only for lay public at educational level, but also for professional public from the perspective of use of canistherapy and prevention of child injuries.
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Possibilities of military nurse in the prevention of obesity for soldiers of the Czech Republic.
KOUKALOVÁ, Radka
Current status: Nowadays obesity is among the five most common chronic diseases. According to the experts, it is a serious disease for which there is a typical increase of body fat tissue in the body above the optimum limit (Svačina 2008, Müller, 2009). More than half the population of the Czech Republic is suffering from being overweight or obesity as a result of poor lifestyle. A disturbing reality was found during the annual medical examinations, in which all professional soldiers must participate. 57% of men and 26% of women of the investigated file, based on the values of BMI (body mass index) were found overweight. 14% of men and 8% of women are obese. In the overall summary, up to 70 % soldiers suffer from overweight or obesity. Based on these findings, the army of the Czech Republic launched a project called "targeted intervention, prevention, and detection of overweight and obesity for the soldiers of the occupation in the army of the Czech Republic." After the evaluation has shown that the project had its justification and should therefore continue. The goal of the research: The aim of the research was to determine whether the military sister have any possibilities in the prevention of the obesity of the soldiers. To reach such a goal a research question was asked: what options have the military nurses in the prevention of obesity of the soldiers of the army of the Czech Republic? The other two objectives are focused on the professional soldiers. To their knowledge of the prevention of obesity, knowledge of healthy lifestyle and the ability to adhere to the principles. Methodology: Both types of research were used to obtain the data required for processing the Bachelor thesis. Qualitative research was conducted by a semi standardized interviews of the military nurses. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed by using the open method of the encoding. Quantitative research was carried out using anonymous questionnaires, which were distributed among the soldiers. The questionnaires were processed and evaluated. Conclusion: This work indicates that overweight and obesity are a major problem of the current population and soldiers of the army of the Czech Republic, therefore, it´s important to actively address this issue and seek a solution. This Bachelor thesis is the practical output, which suggests the possible preventive program relating to the prevention of obesity for the soldiers of the army of the Czech Republic.
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The effectiveness of prevention programs in primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases of students of Faculty of health and social studies of University of South Bohemia.
VÁLKOVÁ, Jana
Sex is a natural means of reproduction, but by far it is not practised solely for that purpose. In recent years there has been a large release of morality and today we would hardly find a young person with a belief that sex serves for reproduction only. Sexual life is no longer taboo and therefore it is necessary to speak also about the adverse phenomena that accompany it. There is unwanted pregnancy and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Sexually transmitted diseases present a serious global problem that does not fudge even our society. Young people represent the largest risk group in terms of infection who go through various relationsship selecting a permanent partner. The primary prevention is the most important way how to fight against sexually transmitted diseases, and it is important particularly for those who have not begun yet to live sexually. For this reason it is often implemented in the form of prevention programs in school facilities. The current situation of sexually transmitted diseases in the Czech Republic was charted in the theoretical part of this work. The goal of the practical part of this work was to obtain an overview of the effectiveness of prevention programs in the primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases among students of Health and Social Studies University of South Bohemia. There were defined four hypotheses for this purpose. The first hypothesis: Young people get more information about the dangers of sexually transmitted diseases from the media and from their peers than from schools and parents. The second hypothesis: Experience with random sex has a quarter of respondents. The third hypothesis was formulated as follows: Women have more knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases than men. The fourth hypothesis: Women observe the principles of safe sex more than men. The quantitative research, questioning method and questionnaire technique were used to collect empirical data. The questionnaire was anonymous and had electronic form. The research sample consisted of full-time bachelor programs students of Health and Social Studies University of South Bohemia, who belong by their age structure into the most vulnerable group of infection of sexually transmitted diseases. Respondents. The research was attended by 531 respondents. The first, third and fourth hypothesis were not confirmed on the based of a statistical test. The third hypothesis was confirmed statistically. The descriptive statistics shows that young adults do not have sufficient knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases and have no fear of the disease, which is also reflected in their behavior. The prevention programs for primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in the Czech Republic are not quite sufficient, according to the achieved results and in my opinion, and we can not talk about their proven effectiveness. It can be said they provide at least some awareness of the risks associated with sexual intercourse. In my opinion, it is necessary to establish the precise form of the curriculum and to incorporate sex education into the framework of the educational plan as a separate subject in school facilities as basic and secondary. It is necessary to involve parents into the process of primary prevention by increasing their awareness and to pass the acquired information. It is also necessary to promote a form of barrier contraception and introduce general preventive programs in the fight against sexually transmitted diseases.
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The role of educational care centers in the prevention of risky behavior
ŘÍHÁČKOVÁ, Věra
Aim of this work was to develop a prevention program for specific elementary school, reacting to the current situation and the area of risk behavior in the city. The elementary school is located in a normal city where the average social level. The school is located in a quiet neighborhood and serves children from across the city and surrounding villages. The School is well ensured, and that's is the reason why pupils feels good in it. In the past, bullying has occurred here, so I developed a preventive program against bullying for the sixth year of primary school. I chose the sixth year because it's one of the highest risk groups in primary school. Mostly new pupils come in it and are created new athletic classes, in which pupils have a tendency to be self-assertion, and these less successful or very successful may become a victim of bullying. The main objective of the program is to teach pupils how to communicate with each other and to build feel of support in their techer. Preventive program is a long term and complex. To the program was chosen dating, communication, to strengthen relationships, moral, motion and fun activities (games). All selected games should aim to achieve positive relationship between the pupils and to know how to communicate and solve different problems. Pupils should have support in their class teacher, therefore teacher should be involved in the games. The preventive program is rated ongoing and final by teachers and pupils. Ongoing evaluation is incorporated into class hours, where pupils respond to the questions and once in two months prevention methodology implemented with pupils sociometry. In addition, teacher monitors pupils throughout the year and when a problem occurs in the class, he begins to work with class. The final evaluation takes place at the end of the school year when pupils play the game on communication and solve different problems and because of it can teacher determinate whether or not there was an effective preventive program. The whole developed preventative program was offered to elementary school, for which he was developed.
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The issue of extremism at high schools in the District of Prachatice and subsequent preventive measures.
MARTÍŠKOVÁ, Petra
This bachelor?s thesis addresses the issue of extremism in the secondary schools in the Prachatice District and the preventative programmes that the schools implement in order to combat this social phenomenon. The objective of the thesis is to identify the attitudes and opinions of the secondary school students in Prachatice about the issue of extremism and to find out how much information the students have about this issue. The thesis also aims to determine whether there are any differences between the attitudes of male and female students with regard to extremist behaviour in society, either positive or negative. In addition, the thesis explores any differences, if any, in the knowledge and attitudes held by students about this social phenomenon on the basis of the type of secondary school they attend, specifically grammar schools vs. vocational schools. The thesis includes a description and evaluation of the effectiveness of the preventative programmes that have been implemented in the secondary schools. These programmes are evaluated both from the perspective of the secondary school students as well as from that of the non-profit organisations that prepare these programmes for the schools. The results from the research and the evaluation of the findings are presented in the conclusion of the thesis.
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