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Tax revenues of municipalities in time of economic crisis
Mácová, Lucie ; Sedmihradská, Lucie (advisor) ; Dugová, Alena (referee)
The diploma thesis is concerned with influence of current economic crisis on tax revenues of municipalities. The main goal of thesis is to analyze this crisis influence on tax revenues of municipalities in the Czech Republic and especial in two chosen municipalities. In the first part the revenues of municipalities are described, in the second part the analysis of impact of the crisis to Czech region and municipalities follows. The third chapter is about two chosen municipalities and it analyzes their tax revenues between 2008 and 2010. The last part analyzes the cash performance in two chosen municipalities in 2008 and 2009. I found out that tax revenues of Czech municipalities decreased in 2009 by 11,6%, it is 17,8 billion Czech Crowns. In 2010 total tax revenues increased by 4,6%. In Bechyně we can see the similar situation as in the Czech Republic. Tax revenues decreased by 13% in 2009, they increased then by only 3% in 2010. In Sudoměřice u Bechyně there is the situation surprisingly different. In 2009 tax revenues decreased only by 5,5%. In 2010 they increased by 12%. Two chosen municipalities overcame the crisis well, they did not have any existential problems and they were able to manage the bad economic situation and covered it from their resources.
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Impact of legislative changes on income of small municipalities
Puchýřová, Helena ; Sedmihradská, Lucie (advisor) ; Daněk, Tomáš (referee)
The objective of the thesis is the analysis of legislative changes which influence income of the municipalities from shared taxes and Real-Estate tax. The Act on Budgetary Allocation of Taxes and the Real-Estate Tax Act, valid until the end of 2007, are analysed in the theoretical part of the thesis. The thesis also includes the amendments thereof, valid as of January 1st 2008, January 1st 2009 and January 1st 2010 and their objectives. The practical part of the thesis includes the analysis of the impact of the amendments of the said acts on tax revenues and also the analysis of to what extent have been the objectives of the amendments met. The final part of the thesis summarises the most important findings and evaluates dialogues with representatives of the municipalities. The analysis of legislative changes indicates important rise in the shared tax income from 2008, specifically in municipalities with high density and gradual rise in the real-estate tax income in all municipalities.
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Impacts of economic crisis on the managing of communities
Kučerová, Lenka ; Sedmihradská, Lucie (advisor) ; Pšurná, Pavla (referee)
The thesis deals with effects of the economic crisis on the performance of two selected municipalities, Slaný and Smečno. There is analyzed the influence of crisis on the financial management of municipalities in 2008-2010. The thesis proposed ways communities can prevent a reduction in tax revenues and increase in current expenditures. Follow the determination whether these communities use these options. An integral part is the financial analysis that evaluates the financial health of both communities in 2008-2010.I focuses on the basic of indicators based on income and expenditure, as well as the debt and liquidity indicators. The work shows that the economic crisis has affected both municipalities. A noticeable drop in revenue was primarily in income taxes. On the contrary, stable sources of municipal budgets have become a value added tax, property tax and local taxes. Both municipalities have in times of economic crisis created sufficient financial resources and were able to easily pay their obligations. None of the municipalities is more indebted and their debt service gradually declined.
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The Laffer curve and its application in practice
Kadlecová, Lucie ; Mirvald, Michal (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
This paper aims answer the question what is the revenue--maximizing rate of corporate income tax. Before analysis the literature of Laffer curve criticism and conversly literature of Laffer curve applications is summarized. In paper the relationship of tax rates and tax revenues is examined for Czech republic in time period from 1993 to 2009 and for Ireland in time period from 1981 to 2009 by regression analysis. Analysis showed the relationship described by Laffer theory. Revenue--maximizing tax rates reach values of 27,66% for Czech Republic and 25,1% for Ireland. Because the current statutory corporate tax rates are in both countries lower than calculated Laffer points, further reduction in tax rates will result in decline in tax revenues.
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Analysis of anti-crisis measures in taxation in the EU
Bušovská, Monika ; Láchová, Lenka (advisor) ; Dugová, Alena (referee)
The aim of this work is the analysis of anti-crisis measures in taxation in the European Union and their impact on the tax burden for the following years. The work is focused on all twenty-seven European members' states and for better illustration were chosen four member states, namely France, Germany, Spain and Romania. At the work are used the latest data available and practical examples are given too. For determination of tax systems before the crisis in selected countries are used descriptive methods, analysis of anti-crisis measures in fiscal policy and an analysis of changes in taxations for the years 2009 and 2010 and their comparison with the year 2008 followed with the focusing on changes in the tax burden. The result of description of tax systems for 2008 is the claim that relatively high tax burden is in analyzed countries except in Romania.The reaction to negative changes in the economy, financial crisis caused, were changes in the tax systems in most of European Union countries especially in modification in tax bases and tax rates. These changes have led to reductions of tax burden in the EU. This trend is expected for next years too, but it is expected the lack of tax revenues will be replaced mainly by raising indirect taxes.
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Measurement and forecasting of tax revenues
Bayer, Ondřej ; Vítek, Leoš (advisor) ; Pavel, Jan (referee)
This work is aimed on measurement and forecasting of tax revenues. The target is to explain issue of tax revenues measurement by other ways and after that to create forecasting models of tax revenues since 2001 to 2011. For achieving this target is used literature and economethric modeling methodology. At first is analyzed difference between acrual and cash methods of tax revenue's measurement from the view of different methodologies. After that econometric models are created for each of the choosen tax revenues. These models are analyzed for the quality of forecasting. From the results is clear, that tax revenues have a part, which could be described by macroeconomic variables. But these models reveals, that part of the tax revenue could be described by autonomous or random component. Models themselves could be affected by failure of elemental econometrics assumptions.
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The Variability of municipal revenues in Czech republic and causes
ZEMANOVÁ, Alexandra
The topic of this bachelor final project is "Variability of municipal revenues in Czech republic and causes". The goal of the project was to analyze revenues of communities of the chosen region, to find differences in these revenues, and to specify the cause of their origin. The introductory part consists of the theory of fiscal federalism, decentralization and functions of public finance. The main part talks about municipal authority, her fiscal system, position of tax revenues and factors that cause differences in tax revenues.
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Theoretical and empirical analysis of municipal tax revenues in Czech Republic
PANCOVÁ, Jevgenija
The aim of thesis is to analyze the concept of tax revenue of municipalities in the Czech Republic from the perspective of the existing recommendations of the theory of fiscal federalism and fiscal decentralization. Based on the information gathered to assess the budget destination tax, its development, the status quo. This work analyzes how it was in the period observed eight selected theoretical recommendations. Selected recommendations relating to tax benefits from mobile tax bases, non-equivalent tax and non-mobile tax bases, tax collection for the decentralization of economic assumptions and the efficient operation of local authorities. The analysis is a finding that was not complied with all of these theoretical recommendations in full.
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Analysis of proportion of municipalities' tax revenues
Frýdová, Adela ; Peková, Jitka (advisor) ; Tvrdoň, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis deals with economic analysis of three different sized municipalities. Being specific, the largest one Karviná has 62 661 inhabitans. The smaller one Studénka has 10 168 inhabitans and the smallest Liptaň has 463 inhabitans. The chosen period begins in 2005 and finishes in 2009. The first part of my thesis is theoretical. There is a description of municipal law, fiscal decentralization, municipal tax, other taxex and municipal budget. Several aspects of categorization concerning revenues and expenditures are described in this first part. The second part is practical. The data have been collected from internal sources of the municipal offices. Different categories of revenues and expenditures are analyzed. I focus on tax revenues of particular budgets, as shared tax, exclusive tax and municipal tax. In addition, observation of time development in structure of particular groups of taxe sis made. The whole part is accompanied by a great range of tables and graphs which enables the reader understand the subject.
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The impacts of legislative changes on revenues of small munucipalities
Tychnová, Michala ; Sedmihradská, Lucie (advisor) ; Kubík, Rudolf (referee)
The subject of Bachelor thesis is the analysis of legislative changes affecting municipal revenues from shared taxes and real estate tax. In the theoretical part of the thesis there are characterized changes that have occurred in the law on the tax assignment with effect from 1st January 2008, and law on the tax of real estate with effect from 1st of January, 2008 and 1st of January, 2009. In the practical part of the thesis I compare tax revenues of three small municipalities with less than three hundred inhabitants and analyse effects of legislative changes on the revenues of selected municipalities. From the analysis it is clear that all three municipalities observed a significant increase in revenue from shared taxes and of the real estate tax in 2008.
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