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Vliv teploty na udržení schopnosti oplození a líhnivosti při přechovávání neoplozených jiker u keříčkovce červenolemého
BORŮVKA, Vít
When hormonally induced artificial spawning of african catfish (Clarias gariepinus), was several female injected intraperitoneally in one dose preparation Ovopel at doses of 1.5 pellet × kg-1. Females were kept separately in the tanks at a temperature of 21.5 °C. All females were spawned at the same time latency 19.2 hours. Eggs from three spawned females were mixed and divided into 6 doses. Each batch was placed into thermoboxes at temperature 5 °C, 10 °C, 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C. These eggs were stored in thermoboxes and after times of storage 0.5 h, 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 10h, part of the eggs (approximately 50 to 100 pieces) were taken out from each thermoboxes in three replications and was placed into individuals cups and fertilized by adding 5 drops of sperm and 20 ml of water. In these samples were subsequently observed fertilization, hatching rate and survival rate. When watching fertilization was in individual temperature the highest values and also statistically non-significant difference ( = 0.05) achieved: at 5 °C in times of fertilization 0.5 2 hrs. (61.6 +- 5.81 % - 47.7 +- 1.48 %), at 10 °C in times 0.5 - 1.5 hrs. (70 +- 6.7 % - 62.1 +- 8.9 %), at 15 °C in times 0.5 - 3 hrs. (59.6 +- 9.4 % - 59.6 +- 2.9 %), at 20 °C in times 0.5 - 3 hrs. (61.4 +- 3.6 % - 56.1 +- 2.5 %), at 25 °C in times 0.5 - 4 hrs. (55.5 +- 7.2 % - 49.7 +- 9.3 %) and at 30 °C in times 0,5 - 3 hrs. (61.6 +- 10.3 % - 51.8 +- 17.8 %). When watching hatching rate was in individual temperature the highest values and also statistically non-significant difference ( = 0.05) achieved: at 5 °C in times of fertilization 0.5 - 1 hrs. (28.4 +- 2.9 % - 21.1 +- 9.5 %), at 10 °C in times 0.5 - 1 hrs. (36.6 +- 17.3 % - 22.1 +- 7 %), at 15 °C in times 0.5 - 2 hrs. (34.1 +- 5.5 % - 26.9 +- 5.1 %), at 20 °C in times 0.5 - 2 hrs. (33 +- 8.2 % - 28.8 +- 1.6 %), at 25 °C in times 0.5 - 4 hrs. (31.4 +- 6.2 % - 15.3 +- 13.5 %) and at 30 °C in times 0.5 - 2 hrs. (33.1 +- 9.2 % - 21.2 +- 8 %). When watching survival rate was in individual temperature the highest values and also statistically non-significant difference ( = 0.05) achieved: at 5 °C in times of fertilization 0.5 - 1 hrs. (20.1 +- 6 % - 13 +- 3.3 %), at 10 °C in times 0.5 - 3 hrs. (19.8 +- 15.31 % - 3.1 +- 3 %), at 15 °C in times 0.5 - 6 hrs. (23.3 +- 9 % - 5 +- 2.8 %), at 20 °C in times 0.5 - 2 hrs. (22.4 +- 1.9 % - 15.1 +- 5.2 %), at 25 °C in times 0.5 - 4 hrs. (18.7 +- 4.4 % - 4.1 +- 1.9 %) and at 30 °C in times 0.5 - 1.5 hrs. (26.2 +- 5.5 % - 21.4 +- 6.8 %). Suitable temperatures for the storage of unfertilized eggs after spawning are two hours before fertilization at temperatures from 15 to 30 °C. Other suitable temperatures which are useful for storage are temperatures 15 to 25 °C, for preservation after 3 hrs. and longer after fertilization.
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Individual contestant competence level participating winter and summer survival courses.
Šika, Vojtěch ; Dvorský, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vilášek, Josef (referee)
Title: Individual contestant competence level participating winter and summer survival courses. Objectives: The major aim of this work is to determine at what level of potential course participants' is knowledge of winter and summer survival. Knowledge of related skills associated with survival in extreme conditions and crisis situatuions. For this thesis we chose students from Faculty of Physical Education and Sport and other students from Charles University since summer and winter survival cource is also opened to students from other faculties of Charles University Methods: For data acquisition to this work we used the questionnaire method. Respondents were students aculty of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Arts and The First Medical Faculty. To get 100% questionaire return, the questionaire was assigned personaly. Results: The questionnaire survey was attended by 70 respondents overall. Data we collected, we wrote down in tables and graphs. The results from the evaluation of individual questions showed that knowledge levels associated with survival in critical situations is low. Only 33% of the total amount of students who completed the survey, were successfull. Keywords: survival, limit situations, crisis situations
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Influence of age and rearing conditions of a fish on the chance to survive in the wild
Lyach, Roman ; Frouzová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Čech, Martin (referee)
The task of this thesis is to summarize all the most important biotic and abiotic factors that can influence chances of reared fish to survive in the wild. It contains some of the most frequently reared and popular fishes, such as Sander lucioperca (pike perch), Samo trutta (trout), Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass), Esox lucius (northern pike), Esox masquinongy (muskellunge) and the hybrid of northern pike and muskellunge, the tiger muskellunge. Mainly the factors such as success, survival, rate of growth and mortality have been studied. Survival increases with the size of the fish because of the fact that larger fish can easily avoid predation. Pellet-reared fish show higher mortality than minnow-reared fish because of the loss due to predation and also slightly worse ability to catch living prey and obtain food, even though their diet contains similar species. Temperature can also affect the mortality of the stocked fish, mainly when the temperature difference between the rearing pond or hatchery and the new environment exceeds 10 řC, which brings loss of majority of the stocked fish. It has been revealed that genetics is very important during the process of stocking, while fish from the local population show better abilities to adapt to the environment than those from other geographic...
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Optimization of the rearing of the species Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822)
Gottwald, Milan ; Kalous, Lukáš (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
The diploma thesis summarizes the experimental method for the rearing of zebrafish Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822) screed. The work of figuring out which of the methods of rearing fry in the transitional period of the ontogenetic development is best for the survival rate and growth of the standard length of the surveyed individuals.
The test was carried out on two basic lines of zebrafish Wild Type and Casper. At the beginning of the test were created four groups divided by feeding mode. The control group was fed once a day with pellet feed GEMMA Micro 75 and one day from the 10th day after fertilization the fed with nauplii stages of brine shrimps Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758). The second group was fed only once a day with pellet feed GEMMA Micro 75. The last two groups were fed five times a day saltwater rotifer species Brachionus plicatilis (Müller, 1786), and only one of them and the other was still three times daily nourished with nauplii stages of brine shrimps. For each group of four representative have been created initially, thirty tanks of fish at the age of five days after fertilization.
The results of this method have shown that the methods they use to feed the rotifers, did not have a statistically significant impact on the survival rate of individuals. In the growth of this method has proven to be statistically significant result in the group where the fed in combination with brine shrimps, where to achieve the average standard size of juvenile fish 16.02 +/- 0.80 mm for the Wild type and 17.39 +/- 0.81 mm for Casper, compared to the control group, that has been the standard length 11.63 +/- 0.64 mm for the Wild Type and 9.54 +/- 0.56 mm for Casper.
This method has great potential and breeding is therefore necessary to further develop this method and to adapt it to individual zebrafish facilities.
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Comparison of survival, growth rate and overall breeding of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) juveniles in pond and recirculating aquaculture system during winter time.
PECHER, Petr
The study compared survival and growth rate in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) juveniles in pond and recirculation aquaculture system (RAS) during winter time. The juveniles of grass carp were stocked to 5 tanks and three ponds during 2013 and 2014. In the RAS, the fish were fed by dry pellets and rearing was in constant temperature. In the pond, the temperature and feeding were only natural. In the RAS, the survival rate was significantly higher 97.79 % 0.52 % compared to 10.94 % 11.42 % in the pond. At the end of experiment, the weight of fish, Specific growth rate (SGR) and Fulton coefficient (FK) was significantly higher in RAS in comparison with the pond. The results showed that the rearing of grass carp is more effective in RAS in comparison with pond during winter time.
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Vliv délky světelného dne na příjem krmiva a růst síha peledě (Coregonus peled) v intenzivním chovu
KOS, Martin
The effect of the length of the daylight on growth of in peled (Coregonus peled) juveniles was tested in the intensive culture. Fish of mean body weight 1.82 +- 0.48 g and total length of 65 +- 7 mm were divided into four groups (the ratio of light and darkness 12k12, 16k8, 20k4, 24k0). The experiment lasted for sixty-three days. Every twenty-one days fishes were sampled for biometric measurements. Fish reached mean body weight of 15 +- 4.9 g (12k12); 15.6 +- 4.5 g (16k8); 16.7 +- 4.5 g (20k4); 16.8 +- 5 g (24k0) in experimental groups. The longest total body length was detected in both 20k4 and 24k0 groups (127 +- 11 mm). The lowest one was registered in the 16k8 (114 +- 11 mm). The highest condition coefficient had group 16k8 and lowest was found out in group 20k4. Specific growth rate during the course of the experiment was 3.33 %xday -1 (12k12); 3.28 %xday -1 (16k8); 3.49 %xday -1 (20k4) and 3.43 % xday -1 (24k0). The highest final survival (95.8 +- 1.4 %) was achieved in group 12k12. On the contrary, group 16k8 showed lowest survival of 90.0 +- 4.6 %. There were no significant differences in final survival rate.
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Performance testing of interline hybrids in tench.
HOMOLA, Ondřej
This thesis is focused on evaluation of performance traits as growth, survival and carcass yield in hybrids of chosen tench breeds. In this test were used hybrids of these breeds of tench: Vodňanské (V), Táborské (T), Maďarské (M) and Hlubocké (H), which served as maternal breed. As a control group the golden tench was used.
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Optimalization of artificial incubation of eggs and embryos in northern pike (\kur{Esox lucius L.}) under controlled conditions
HAMPL, Jan
Within my diploma thesis I have been trying to resolve the possibilities of optimization of artificial incubation of eggs and embryos in northern pike (Esox Lucius L.) under controlled conditions during three different experiments. In the first experiment was investigated the effect of three different semination solutions to the success of incubation of eggs and embryos in northern pike. I watched the survival of eggs and embryos, larvae hatching abnormalities and biometrics of larvae. It was found that the best overall results were achieved with semination solution composed of 15 ml of chemical crystalic urea per 1 liter of water, with an appropriate amount of abnormalities and highest larvae survival. In the second experiment were performed manipulation with developing eggs at given time intervals after fertilization of eggs. I watched the survival of eggs and embryos, abnormality and biometrics of hatched larvae. It was found that the lowest survival, abnormalities, and smallest TL and W were reached during manipulations within 24 hours after fertilization. In the third experiment was investigated the effect of water temperature on the length of the incubation of eggs and embryos in northern pike. With regard to the overall survival, larvae hatching, abnormalities and size of larvae achieved the best results temperatures 6 and 10 ° C. Conversely, it is entirely unsuitable for incubation temperature of 3 ° C (lowest survival, large amounts deformities). Different incubation temperatures have also confirmed the effect of water temperature on biometrics of hatched larvae.
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