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Abortion versus Free CHoice
TÝMOVÁ, Kateřina
The topic of the bachelor work is: decision making process concerning the question to undergo or not abortion in a free pluralist society. The main part of the work characterizes and summarizes choice of information about the decision making process from a point of view of psychology, sociology and ethic. It continues on a theoretical level mapping social-ethic aspects that can - and also needn´t - influence the independent choice of an individual. Society approach to these problems differs based on particular values the society recognizes, amount and content of philosophical, ethical and religious theories that the free pluralist society accepts and respects.
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The Specifics of Restrictive Practice in Social Services
FRYČ, Vladislav
This thesis follows the insufficiently mapped-out issue of restriction in social services and investigates the ways in which it is used towards clients. First-mentioned is the evolution of social services towards its current concept. Afterwards, important terms pertaining directly to the practical issues of social services are defined, based on the social services act. The definition of restrictions and restrictive measures, in accordance with current legislation, follows and their concept is confronted with the concept of human rights and human dignity.The work concludes with descriptions of situations where the clients human rights are violated, their solutions and also possible ways how to prevent the violation of human rights in such cases.
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Old Age as a Phenomenon of Disadvantaged and Suppression of Human Rights and Needs of Women
HOLÁ, Michaela
The method of secondary analysis of data was used in the theoretical part of my diploma thesis. I analysed literary and electronic sources in the way that the result represents the completed view on the old age with its many haracteristic changes, and the view on the life of seniors in their background (in family or an istitution). Consequently, I focused on human rights and needs and their possible suppression in senior population. The main theme of this thesis represents the maltreatment of seniors and ageisms. The practical part is focused on information and their obtaining with the help of a qualitative method. I used the method of interviewing, the technique of half-directed conversation. These were provided by the women at the age of 70-80. The women left the Hospital of České Budějovice maximally 10 days before the interview. The questions looked like the interview with instruction. Five more conrete hypothesis were cretated as a result of the analysis of gained data.
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Euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics
BARTKOVÁ, Štěpánka
Abstract Euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics Key words: euthanasia, suffering, death, dying, dignity, human rights, doctor, patient, palliative medicine, hospice care, assisted suicide, religious motivation, followers, objectors of euthanasia In my thesis I am covering the topic of ?qeuthanasia??. The main objective of this paper is to introduce the reader to the problem of euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics. This thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part further consists of eleven chapters. In the first chapter, the types of euthanasia ares discussed (active, passive, prenatal, and assisted suicide). In the second chapter, the history of euthanasia is discussed in a great detail. The third chapter mainly concentrates on euthanasia in the world. The fourth chapter is about the criteria of death. In the fifth chapter, I address the questions of euthanasia and death in recent years. The sixth chapter is about the relationship between a doctor and a patient. The seventh chapter covers palliative medicine and the eighth chapter further expands on this subject with the topic of hospice care. In the ninth chapter, I pursue the point of religious motivational impact. The tenth and eleventh chapters are dedicated to the followers and objectors of euthanasia. The practical part concentrates on exploratory research. I have chosen sociological research using the methods of discussion. Here are three interviews with experts, who interact with dying individuals on a daily basis. These questioned specialists are believers and therefore the discourses are anonymous. The objective of these discussions was to uncover how professional in different facilities view the issues of euthanasia. This objective was sucessfully achieved.
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The Psychological - the ethical aspects of the placement in the home for the elderly
SOBOTKOVÁ, Lucie
The work deals with the psychological - the ethical aspects of the placement in the home for the elderly. It focuses on issues of aging and old age, including changes in physical, psychological and social sphere. It offers an overview of the evolution of the system of care for the elderly to the present form of social services under Act No. 108/2006 Coll. on social services. It deals with basic principles in the provision of social services: partnership, autonomy, respect for client dignity, individual approach. It also provides information on the individual planning of the social services. It deals with select models of senior activation and finally focuses on the theme guiding the senior end of his way of life.
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The Natural Law Conception - its potentiality and limitations
HOSKOVEC, Michal
This diploma thesis deals with the Thomas Aquinas´s Conception of Natural Law. The fundamental content of thesis is the Czech translation and critical Commentaries of English written articles. Thesis is divided into three parts. There is a theoretical foundation for Natural Law Conception and Thomas Aquinas themes in the first part, the Critical Commentaries of translated articles in the second part and the translated articles in the third part of diploma thesis. Translated articles are the philosophy studies of Natural Law and its relation to the Lawmaking, the Logic of Ethical Discourse and the Human Rights. There are copies of original English written articles as diploma thesis attachments.
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New religious movement in connection with observance of the human rights
NAGYOVÁ, Michaela
The current society is fast-moving, materialistic and consumer-oriented. A man thus exists in the centre of chaotic changes of the modern world which he/she tries to escape. At that moment the person may fall an easy victim to new religious movements which may approach people and offer fulfilment of their expectations. A new member of a religious group, who is continually supported, thus becomes ever more dependent on the new environment in which he/she feels contentment. Leaders of new religious movements (Czech acronym NNH) are able to manipulate such dependent victims and force them to things and acts, which may lead to violation of basic human rights. Therefore the purpose of the thesis was to identify those human rights which might be violated by some new religious movements and to map the awareness among the general public of observation of human rights in the new religious movements. The research consisted of qualitative and quantitative parts. The praktical part of the thesis confirmed the hypothesis I: Violation of some human rights may be encountered in new religious movements. This hypothesis was confirmed based on results of the qualitative part of the research, which used the content analysis method. The method was used to analyze articles from the following periodicals: Právo, Šíp, Mladá fronta Dnes, Lidové noviny, Regionální deníky and the internet portal Idnes. The qualitative part of the research also included interviews with members of the religious society Jehovah´s Witnesses. The surveyed group consisted of 5 individuals who responded to questions relating to their teaching (e.g. rejecting of blood transfusion). Adequate data for the quantitative research were obtained by an inquiry method {--} opinion poll. The opinion poll was conducted among the residents of Český Krumlov and České Budějovice and it was supposed to confirm or to rebut the hypothesis II: The general public does not have sufficient awareness of which basic human rights may be violated by some new religious movements. After analyzing the acquired data the analysis was confirmed. This bachelor thesis might be used as a material for the general public to increase its awareness of new religious movements in connection with human rights. Consequently, it may also serve in prevention, which is in the area of new religious movements still at a low level.
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Capital Punishment in Its Ethical Concept
ŠIMKOVÁ, Iveta
Capital punishment and consideration about justice has been spread throughout our society for its enitre existence. The death penalty is the only punishment which deals with human life and. with the exception for the legal and criminological aspects, it involves moral and philosophical views, as well. This thesis attempts to examine the ethical attitudes towards capital punishment of the members of the Police of the Czech Republic, as well as that of the city police. The main topic of my thesis is a survey of ethical assessment of the capital punishment. The theoretical part of my thesis deals with the history of capital punishment, various ways in which executions take place, the documents which are connected with the death penalty and human rights. It deals with the ethical and philosophical views, as well as the statement of the Roman Catholic Church. There are many arguments (pros and cons) regarding capital punishment. The practical part of my theis will examine the ethical views of members of the Police of the Czech Republic and city police who are on duty in Třebíč. The method of quantitative analytic research has been applied. The questionnaire survey and its assessment have been used. The chosen respondents are members of the police.
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Human rights in relationship between Vatican and the United Nations.
BREINDL, Filip
This dissertation deals with a Catholic churches sight of nomenclature and exercise of the human rights, namely in comparison with the activity of the worldcommunity couched in the United Nations. The dissertation shows development of church attitude towards definition and nomenclature of the human rigths from the world authority, and presents answers of Catholic doctrine to current problems in this area - for example disunited definitions, difficult exactablement and other. Thesis of this dissertation should to show, that the Christianity fundamentally contributed to currently formulation of the human rights, which is holded for example in UN-documents. Also at the present time can the Catholic church enter very expertly in this discusion, videlicet thank to hundreds of years old teaching about imago Dei, common good, heritage of the 2nd Vatican council and others documents from 20th and beginning of 21st century or ivolvement of the Holy See in the United Nations or other places from world diplomacy.
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